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Questions and Answers
How many bones make up the axial skeleton?
How many bones make up the axial skeleton?
What is the function of the cranium?
What is the function of the cranium?
What is the main function of the thoracic cage?
What is the main function of the thoracic cage?
What is the main function of the axial skeleton?
What is the main function of the axial skeleton?
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How many regions are the vertebrae of the vertebral column divided into?
How many regions are the vertebrae of the vertebral column divided into?
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Through which process does ossification occur in the axial skeleton?
Through which process does ossification occur in the axial skeleton?
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Study Notes
Axial Skeleton
The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones that make up the central axis of the body.
Divisions
-
Cranium: 22 bones that form the skull
- Protects the brain
- Contains the sensory organs (eyes, ears, nose, mouth)
-
Vertebral column: 33 bones that form the spine
- Supports the head and body
- Protects the spinal cord
-
Thoracic cage: 28 bones that form the ribcage
- Protects the heart and lungs
- Provides attachment points for muscles
Functions
- Support: Provides a framework for the body's muscles, organs, and tissues
- Protection: Protects vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs
- Movement: Allows for movement and flexibility through the vertebral column and joints
Key Features
-
Vertebrae: The 33 bones of the vertebral column are divided into 5 regions:
- Cervical (7)
- Thoracic (12)
- Lumbar (5)
- Sacrum (5 fused)
- Coccyx (4 fused)
-
Rib types: There are 3 types of ribs:
- True ribs (1-7)
- False ribs (8-10)
- Floating ribs (11-12)
Development and Growth
- The axial skeleton develops from the embryonic mesoderm
- Ossification (bone formation) occurs through endochondral ossification (cartilage model) and intramembranous ossification (direct bone formation)
Axial Skeleton
- Comprises 80 bones forming the central axis of the body
Divisions
- Cranium: 22 bones forming the skull, protecting the brain and containing sensory organs
- Vertebral column: 33 bones forming the spine, supporting the head and body, and protecting the spinal cord
- Thoracic cage: 28 bones forming the ribcage, protecting the heart and lungs, and providing attachment points for muscles
Functions
- Support: Provides a framework for the body's muscles, organs, and tissues
- Protection: Protects vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs
- Movement: Allows for movement and flexibility through the vertebral column and joints
Key Features
- Vertebrae: 33 bones divided into 5 regions: cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacrum (5 fused), and coccyx (4 fused)
- Rib types: 3 types of ribs: true ribs (1-7), false ribs (8-10), and floating ribs (11-12)
Development and Growth
- Develops from the embryonic mesoderm
- Ossification occurs through endochondral ossification (cartilage model) and intramembranous ossification (direct bone formation)
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Description
Learn about the 80 bones that make up the central axis of the body, including the cranium, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.
