33. GA - Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region

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Questions and Answers

What role does the rectus sheath play in the anatomy of the anterior abdominal wall?

  • Maintains the position of the abdominal organs
  • Connects the internal and external oblique muscles
  • Acts as a protective covering for abdominal muscles (correct)
  • Provides a passage for blood vessels only

Which muscle of the anterior abdominal wall does NOT contribute to the formation of the inguinal canal?

  • External Abdominal Oblique
  • Internal Abdominal Oblique
  • Rectus Abdominis (correct)
  • Transversus Abdominis

Which fascia is located deep to the muscular layer of the anterior abdominal wall?

  • Scarpa's fascia
  • Transversalis fascia (correct)
  • Camper's fascia
  • Peritoneum

What is the primary function of the cutaneous nerves of the anterior abdominal wall?

<p>Provide sensory innervation to the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is NOT a major contributor to the vasculature of the anterior abdominal wall?

<p>Renal artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is located within the inguinal canal?

<p>Cremaster muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can indirect inguinal hernias be distinguished from direct inguinal hernias?

<p>Indirect hernias occur through the deep inguinal ring. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer contains both extraperitoneal connective tissue and the peritoneum?

<p>Transversalis fascia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fascia is characterized as the superficial fatty layer of the abdominal wall?

<p>Camper’s fascia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the External Abdominal Oblique muscle?

<p>Abdominal compression during expiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included as a structure associated with the Internal Abdominal Oblique?

<p>Inguinal ligament (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fascia covers the innermost surface of the deepest anterior abdominal wall muscle layer?

<p>Transversalis fascia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of fascia is well-developed in the lower anterior abdominal wall?

<p>Camper's fascia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Internal Abdominal Oblique muscle originates from which region?

<p>Thoracolumbar fascia and iliac crest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is formed by the aponeurosis of the External Abdominal Oblique?

<p>Inguinal ligament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the innervation of the Internal Abdominal Oblique muscle?

<p>Anterior rami of lower thoracic spinal nerves T7-12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of the Transversalis fascia?

<p>Covering the deep abdominal wall muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of fascia is known for its membranous quality?

<p>Scarpa's fascia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves in relation to the anterior abdominal wall?

<p>They innervate all the muscles of the anterior abdomen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal nerve levels correspond with the dermatomal distribution for the umbilicus?

<p>T10 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the inferior epigastric artery originate?

<p>From the external iliac artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drainage do the lumbar and subcostal veins primarily contribute to?

<p>Azygos system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable consequence of portal hypertension regarding blood flow related to the umbilical area?

<p>Retrograde flow through the paraumbilical veins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the anatomical course of the nerves of the anterior abdominal wall?

<p>They course inferiorly and medially within the neurovascular plane. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fascia is responsible for forming the deep inguinal ring?

<p>Transversalis fascia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the superior and inferior epigastric arteries interact?

<p>They anastomose within the rectus abdominis muscle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is derived from the lower fibers of the internal abdominal oblique muscle?

<p>Cremasteric muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies sensory innervation to the anterior scrotum and upper medial thigh?

<p>Ilioinguinal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The external spermatic fascia is derived from which muscle fascia?

<p>External abdominal oblique fascia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the deep circumflex iliac artery primarily supply blood?

<p>Lateral aspects of the abdominal wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fascia ensheathes the ductus deferens, testis, and blood vessels?

<p>Internal spermatic fascia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical relationship exists between the ilioinguinal nerve and the inguinal canal?

<p>It enters the canal and supplies the anterior scrotum/labium majus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What confirms the integrity of the L1-L2 spinal cord segments during the cremasteric reflex?

<p>Stroking the upper, medial thigh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structure connects the scrotum to the retroperitoneal region in males?

<p>Ductus deferens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament serves as the medial boundary of the inguinal canal?

<p>Lacunar ligament (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are found in the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

<p>Aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for forming the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

<p>Aponeurosis of transversus abdominis (A), Fibers of the internal abdominal oblique (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the floor boundary of the inguinal canal?

<p>Inguinal ligament (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lymphatic nodes do the superficial lymphatics of the anterior abdominal wall primarily drain into?

<p>Axillary nodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do lymphatics from abdominal wall muscles predominantly drain?

<p>Lumbar nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately depicts the direction of the inguinal canal?

<p>Parallel and superior to the inguinal ligament (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms the remainder of the medial posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

<p>Transversus abdominis aponeurosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option is NOT a structure that transmits through the inguinal canal?

<p>Feminine urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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