Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle
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Questions and Answers

What structure surrounds the entire skeletal muscle?

  • Epimysium (correct)
  • Perimysium
  • Fascia
  • Endomysium
  • Which component of a muscle fiber is responsible for contraction?

  • Fasciculus
  • Epimysium
  • Sarcomere (correct)
  • Endomysium
  • What is the term for a bundle of muscle fibers?

  • Endomysium
  • Fasciculus (correct)
  • Myofibril
  • Sarcoplasma
  • What type of muscle is primarily responsible for voluntary movement?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue surrounds each muscle fiber?

    <p>Endomysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the sarcolemma in muscle fibers?

    <p>Conduct electrical impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle types is involuntary and controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber called?

    <p>Sarcoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle fiber type is predominantly found in most skeletal muscles?

    <p>Type I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fiber takes longer than other fibers to reach peak tension?

    <p>Type I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fiber type predominantly contains a slow form of myosin ATPase?

    <p>Type I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fiber has a more highly developed sarcoplasmic reticulum?

    <p>Type IIa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle fiber type is characterized by a motor neuron with a small cell body innervating 10 to 180 muscle fibers?

    <p>Type I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fiber predominantly contains a fast form of myosin ATPase?

    <p>Type IIx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle fiber type reaches peak tension faster and collectively generates more force than others?

    <p>Type IIx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fiber is known to have three distinct subtypes?

    <p>Type II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the power stroke in muscle contraction?

    <p>The release of phosphate (Pi) generated in the previous cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event occurs right after the power stroke in muscle contraction?

    <p>Cross bridge detachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the myosin head to pivot and bend during muscle contraction?

    <p>The hydolysis of ATP into ADP and P i</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of ATP in muscle contraction?

    <p>It assists in the re-positioning of the myosin head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sequence of events correctly describes the progress of muscle contraction?

    <p>Cross bridge formation -&gt; Power stroke -&gt; Cross bridge detachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a motor neuron is activated concerning muscle fibers?

    <p>All muscle fibers are stimulated to contract simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many muscle fibers typically correspond to one α-motor neuron in muscles performing fine movements?

    <p>15 muscle fibers per motor neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle explains that a muscle fiber either contracts fully or not at all when stimulated?

    <p>All or None Principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is crucial for the initiation of an action potential in a neuron?

    <p>Axon hillock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a motor unit in terms of muscle fibers?

    <p>One α-motor neuron and all its innervated muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of muscles would you typically find a high ratio of muscle fibers per motor neuron?

    <p>Muscles controlling gross motor functions, like the calf muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the axon terminal in relation to muscle contraction?

    <p>It releases neurotransmitters to stimulate muscle fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fiber is characterized by the fastest contractile speed and the highest anaerobic capacity?

    <p>Type IIx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Type I muscle fibers from Type II fibers?

    <p>Slower forms of myosin ATPase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle fiber type is primarily responsible for maintaining posture due to its high oxidative capacity?

    <p>Type I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is used to determine muscle fiber type through direct sampling?

    <p>Muscle Biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is common among Type II muscle fibers compared to Type I?

    <p>Lower fatigue resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many fibers per motor neuron are typically found in Type IIa muscle fibers?

    <p>300-800</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the ATPase activity of Type II muscle fibers?

    <p>It is the fastest among all fiber types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of Type IIc muscle fibers?

    <p>They account for only 1% - 3% of muscle composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle characteristic is least developed in Type I muscle fibers?

    <p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color is primarily associated with Type I muscle fibers?

    <p>Darkest (black)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of slow-twitch (ST) fibers do world champion marathon athletes typically have in their gastrocnemius?

    <p>93% to 99%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle fibers typically decreases in response to a 6-week endurance training program?

    <p>Type IIx (FT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes speed and strength events in terms of muscle fiber composition?

    <p>Higher percentage of Type II fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle contraction involves muscle lengthening while generating force?

    <p>Eccentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence the amount of force generated by a muscle?

    <p>Color of the muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of isometric muscle contractions?

    <p>Muscle generates force without changing length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of muscle fiber types, what is true about Type IIa fibers after a sprint training program?

    <p>They increase by 10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle action is classified as 'static movement'?

    <p>Isometric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which training program predominantly increases Type I muscle fibers?

    <p>Endurance training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences the success of an athlete the least based on fiber type alone?

    <p>Type of muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isokinetic contractions are defined by what characteristic?

    <p>Constant speed and variable resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During eccentric contraction, what occurs to the actin filaments?

    <p>Filaments are pulled farther away from the sarcomere center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle actions is facilitated by the presence of a mechanical device?

    <p>Omnikinetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a joint's optimal angle on force generation?

    <p>Maximizes force produced by muscles crossing the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

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