Anatomy of Male and Female Genital Systems

Male Genital System

• Primary male sex organ: Testis (two in number)
• Function of testis: Produces sperm and secretes male sex hormones (testosterone)
• Location of testis: Situated in the scrotum, outside the abdomen

Testis Structure

• Tunica albuginea: White, fibrous capsule encasing the testis
• Seminiferous tubules: Contain Sertoli cells (nourish sperm) and germinal cells (spermatogonia that form sperm)
• Stroma: Houses Leydig cells, which secrete testosterone
• Surrounds: Testis is enveloped by a serous sac called tunica vaginalis

Male Secondary Sex Organs

• Epididymis: Coiled tube (6 meters long), located along the posterior border of the testis

  • Parts: Head, body, tail
  • Functions: Stores sperm, matures sperm, and secretes seminal fluid to nourish sperm

• Vas deferens: Continuation of the tail of the epididymis

  • Path: Enters the abdomen, travels along the back of the bladder
  • Joins seminal vesicle duct to form the ejaculatory duct

• Ejaculatory duct: Formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle duct

  • Function: Transports sperm to the prostatic urethra by piercing the prostate

• Seminal vesicles (two): Located behind the urinary bladder

  • Function: Secrete seminal fluid that nourishes the sperm

• Prostate gland: Cone-shaped, surrounds the prostatic urethra and located below the neck of the urinary bladder

  • Function: Provides additional secretion to seminal fluid

• Bulbo-urethral gland: Located in the perineum

  • Function: Secretes mucus to lubricate the urethra and opens into the penile urethra

Female Genital System

• Primary female sex organ: Ovary (two in number)
  • Function: Produces ovum and secretes female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone)
  • Location: Positioned in the pelvic cavity

Female Secondary Sex Organs

• Uterine tubes (two): Approximately 10 cm long
  • Structure: Composed of three parts:
    • Infundibulum: Close to the ovary with finger-like projections (fimbriae)
    • Ampulla: Lateral dilated part where fertilization typically occurs

This quiz explores the anatomical structures and functions of the male and female genital systems. It covers the components, locations, and the correlation between the anatomy and functions of genital organs. Test your knowledge on the primary sex organs and their roles!