Anatomy of Kidney and Glomerular Functions

<p>It protects the kidneys against infections and trauma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the upper rear region of the abdominal cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood filtration, reabsorption, and secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal pyramids and renal pelvis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They release urine into the calyces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It collects urine from the renal calyces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their Loop of Henle extends into the medulla. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To serve as a temporary urine reservoir (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They transport urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deliver arterial blood to the glomerulus for filtration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It operates as a nonspecific filter for blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encloses the glomerulus and transfers filtrate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Completely permeable to water and impermeable to solutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secretion of drugs and waste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It actively transports salt to interstitial fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transporting blood to the glomerulus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It includes both useful and non-useful materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receives dilute fluid from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement from the tubular lumen to the peritubular capillaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collecting duct (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large plasma proteins, such as albumins and globulins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They transport reabsorbed materials back into kidney veins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Size of the fenestrations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement from the peritubular capillaries to the tubular lumen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are negatively charged and also repel negatively charged proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The renal arteries transport oxygenated blood from the heart into the kidneys for filtration.

The renal capsule is a protective outer layer that surrounds the kidneys against infections and injuries.

The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney and contains most of the nephrons.

The renal veins carry filtered, deoxygenated blood from the kidneys to the heart.

The main function of kidneys is to filter waste products from the blood, including urea, mineral salts, toxins, and conserve water, salts, and electrolytes.

The most basic microscopic structure of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and reabsorbing and secreting materials.

The inner layer of the kidney containing renal pyramids, renal papillae, renal columns, renal calyces, renal pelvis and part of the nephron. It's responsible for salt, water and urea absorption.

The tips of the renal pyramids that release urine into the calyces.

Collecting sacs surrounding the renal papillae that transport urine from the renal papillae to the renal pelvis.

A cavity in the center of the kidney that collects urine from all the calyces and extends into the ureter.

Tubes that transport urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder.

A hollow, expandable, muscular organ located in the pelvic girdle that stores urine temporarily.

The process of moving substances from the tubular lumen (inside the nephron) back into the peritubular capillaries.

The process of moving substances from the peritubular capillaries into the tubular lumen.

Filtration of plasma from the glomerular capillaries into Bowman's space. Creates the glomerular filtrate.

The fluid that is filtered from the blood in the glomerulus. It contains everything from plasma except proteins.

The part of the nephron that reabsorbs water back into the body.

The final segment of the nephron that reabsorbs water, contributing to urine concentration.

Tiny blood vessels surrounding the tubules that transport reabsorbed materials back to the blood.

Substances that are completely reabsorbed in the nephron, like glucose.

Substances that are secreted into the tubules and not reabsorbed, like toxins.

A blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the glomerulus for filtration.

A blood vessel that carries blood from the glomerulus to the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta.

A ball-shaped structure composed of capillaries where blood filtration occurs in the nephron.

A cup-like structure that surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtered fluid (filtrate).

A highly active segment of the nephron where most of the useful substances from the filtrate are reabsorbed.

A U-shaped tube in the nephron that plays a key role in regulating water and salt concentration in the final urine.

The descending limb of the Loop of Henle is permeable to water but impermeable to salt. This allows water to be reabsorbed back into the body.

The ascending limb of the Loop of Henle is impermeable to water but actively transports salt from the filtrate into the interstitial fluid.