assessment joints (cz)
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Questions and Answers

What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint classified as?

  • Composite joint (correct)
  • Simple joint
  • Complex joint
  • Compound joint

    • Which ligament is present in the atlanto-occipital joint?

  • Ligamentum laterale (correct)
  • Ligamentum caudale
  • Ligamentum atlantoaxiale ventrale
  • Ligamentum transversum atlantis

    • What are the bones forming the atlanto-axial joint?

  • First and second vertebrae (correct)
  • Occipital bone and first vertebra
  • Adjacent vertebrae
  • Condylar process of the mandible and squamous part of the skull

    • Which characteristic is true about the articulations between adjacent vertebrae?

    <p>They act as shock absorbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a difference in ligaments between large and small animals regarding the temporomandibular joint?

    <p>Large animals have two ligaments while small animals have one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is associated only with ruminants and horses in the atlanto-axial joint?

    <p>Ventral aspect ligamentum atlantoaxiale ventrale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the discus intervertebrae in the vertebral column?

    <p>Act as shock absorbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligaments is part of the tarsal joint?

    <p>Ligamentum collaterale laterale longum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the tarsomenatarsal joint classified as?

    <p>Cochlear joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone of articular cartilage has chondrocytes arranged in short columns perpendicular to the free surface?

    <p>Deep (radial) zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant histological feature of the superficial (tangential) zone of articular cartilage?

    <p>Elongated and flattened chondrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following joints is classified as a cochlear joint in the ankle region?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nuchal ligament in large animals?

    <p>It supports the weight of the head.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species lack the nuchal ligament due to a short neck and strong muscles?

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ligament connects the vertebrae to the head of the rib?

    <p>Ligamentum capitis costae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the shoulder joint in large animals from that in carnivores?

    <p>Presence of only one ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of articulations found between the thoracic vertebrae and the ribs?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament connects the collum costae to the thoracic vertebrae?

    <p>Costaetransverse ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the nuchal ligament in species with a long neck?

    <p>Two parts: funiculus nuchae and lamina nuchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone(s) form the shoulder joint in birds?

    <p>Scapula and humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nuchal ligament has a rope-like appearance?

    <p>Funiculus nuchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the elbow joint classified as?

    <p>Composite joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is specifically associated with the radius and ulna in carnivores?

    <p>Ligamentum anulare radii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are found in the proximal interphalangeal joint?

    <p>Ligamentum collaterale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a species difference seen in the elbow joint of large animals?

    <p>Membrane interossea antebrachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main ligament that connects the radius and ulna together in carnivores?

    <p>Ligamentum anulare radii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the carpal joint classified as?

    <p>Composite joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are found between the carpal bones?

    <p>Ligamentum intercarpale dorsalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones form the metacarpophalangeal joint?

    <p>Metacarpal bone, proximal phalanx, sesamoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint considered to be?

    <p>Composite joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference seen in the phalangeal joints of ruminants compared to carnivores?

    <p>Presence of interdigitate ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of joints does the distal interphalangeal joint consist of?

    <p>Uniaxial, composite, saddle joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are present in the sacroiliac joint of large animals?

    <p>Lig.sacroiliac dorsale breve, lig.sacroiliacum dorsale longum, and lig.sacrotuberale latum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the bones involved in the hip joint?

    <p>Hip bone and femur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint classification does the stifle joint fall under?

    <p>Hinge and condylar joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are categorized as cranial aspect ligaments of the stifle joint?

    <p>Femorotibial and patellar ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animals are identified to have only one patellar ligament?

    <p>Carnivores, pigs, and small ruminants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is not present in the sacroiliac joint of carnivores?

    <p>Lig.sacroiliacum dorsale longum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are the lateral aspect ligaments in the stifle joint?

    <p>Lig.femoropatellare laterale and mediale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the lig.capitis ossis femoris in the hip joint?

    <p>Connects the acetabulum and femur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of the calcified zone of articular cartilage?

    <p>It is separated from the deep zone by the tidemark.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which types of joints do not include the characteristics of cochlear joints?

    <p>Tarsocrural joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of the superficial (tangential) zone of articular cartilage?

    <p>Is the most pressure-resistant region adjacent to the articular surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the intertarsal joints, which region specifically involves the central tarsal bones?

    <p>Distal intertarsal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the intermediate (transitional) zone of articular cartilage?

    <p>Houses a homogenous matrix with oblique collagen arrangement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes the atlanto-occipital joint from the atlanto-axial joint?

    <p>It is classified as a simple joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the ligaments associated with the atlanto-axial joint?

    <p>Ruminants possess a unique ventral ligament not found in other species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic applies to the connective structures between adjacent vertebrae?

    <p>They are cushioned by intervertebral discs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the temporomandibular joint in large animals from those in small animals?

    <p>Large animals have a composite joint with an articular disk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is not found in small animals concerning the temporomandibular joint?

    <p>Ligamentum caudale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments comprise the long ligaments of the vertebral column?

    <p>First ligament on the spinal process and dorsal longitudinal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable difference in ligament presence between dogs and pigs compared to other animals?

    <p>Dogs and pigs possess a ligamentum transversum atlantis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What classification is given to the hip joint?

    <p>Multiaxial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is specifically found in large animals but absent in carnivores in the sacroiliac joint?

    <p>Lig.sacroiliacum dorsale longum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the bones that form the stifle joint?

    <p>Femus, tibia, fibula, and patella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the types of the sacroiliac joint?

    <p>Simple joint, tight joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In carnivores, how many patellar ligaments are typically present in the stifle joint?

    <p>One</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligaments is NOT a part of the lateral aspect ligaments of the stifle joint?

    <p>Lig.cruciatum craniale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is formed by the distal interphalangeal joint?

    <p>Uniaxial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lig.capitis ossis femoris in the hip joint?

    <p>Stabilizes the femoral head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is categorized under the caudal aspect of the stifle joint?

    <p>Lig.meniscofemorale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In birds, what is a unique feature of the hip joint compared to mammals?

    <p>Different bone structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nuchal ligament in large animals?

    <p>Supporting the weight of the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is absent in species with a short neck and strong muscles, such as pigs and cats?

    <p>Nuchal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are primarily associated with the costovertebral articulations?

    <p>Ligamentum capitis costae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In carnivores, which of the following ligaments is present in the shoulder joint?

    <p>Ligamentum coracohumarale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the shoulder joint in birds from that in mammals?

    <p>Designated name for the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nuchal ligament has a flat structure?

    <p>Lamina nuchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ligamentum intercapitale in relation to the ribs?

    <p>Connects left and right ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is formed by the junction of the vertebrae and the head of the rib?

    <p>Articularis capitis costae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ligamentum tuberculum in the thoracic spine?

    <p>Connects vertebrae and the tubercle of the rib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of joint classification for the elbow joint?

    <p>Uniaxial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are primarily associated with the proximal radioulnar articulation in carnivores?

    <p>Ligamentum olecrani and ligamentum anulare radii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is specifically found between the radius and ulna in large animals?

    <p>Membrane interossea antebrachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the type of joint found in the carpal joint?

    <p>Compound joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure provides the primary stability in the proximal interphalangeal joint?

    <p>Ligamentum collaterale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint categorized as?

    <p>Uniaxial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is specifically present in carnivores' phalangeal joints?

    <p>Ligg.dorsalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament primarily connects the sesamoid bone to the metacarpal bone?

    <p>Lig.sesamoideum collaterale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional joint does the proximal radioulnar articulation have in carnivores?

    <p>Articulatio radioulnaris proximallis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is involved in the gliding motion of the carpal joint?

    <p>Ligamentum intercarpea dorsalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Assessment of Joints, Anatomy and Histology

    • Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ): Formed by the skull's squamous part and the mandible's condylar process. A composite joint with an articular disc between the bones. Small animals have one ligament (ligamentum laterale), while large animals have two (ligamentum laterale and ligamentum caudale).

    Atlanto-occipital Joint

    • Bones: Occipital bone and the first cervical vertebra (atlas).
    • Type: Simple joint.
    • Ligaments: Ligamentum laterale, dorsal and ventral atlanto-occipital membranes.

    Atlanto-axial Joint

    • Bones: First and second cervical vertebrae (atlas and axis).
    • Type: Simple joint.
    • Ligaments: Longitudinal ligament, right alar ligament, dorsal and ventral atlanto-axial ligaments. Species differences exist, with some ligaments (e.g., ventral atlanto-axial ligament) only present in certain animals (ruminants, horses).

    Articulations Between Adjacent Vertebrae

    • Structure: Cartilages (intervertebral discs) separate vertebral bodies and act as shock absorbers.
    • Longitudinal Ligaments: Three major ligaments run along the vertebral column: one on the spinal processes, another within the spinal canal (dorsal longitudinal ligament), and a third on the ventral aspect.
    • Short Ligaments: Connect adjacent vertebrae, including interspinal, intertransverse, and ligamentum flavum (yellow ligament).

    Nuchal Ligament

    • Structure: Two parts: a rope-like funiculus nuchae and a flatter lamina nuchae. Supports the head's weight.
    • Species Differences: Large animals have a complete nuchal ligament. Small animals, like dogs and cats, lack the nuchal ligament or possess a rudimentary version.

    Costovertebral Articulations

    • Bones: Thoracic vertebrae and ribs.
    • Joints: Two main junctions: articularis capitis costae (head of rib) and costotransverse articulation (rib tubercle).
    • Ligaments: Interconnecting them include ligamentum capitis costae, costotransverse ligament, ligamentum tuberculum and intercapitale.

    Shoulder Joint (Glenohumeral Joint)

    • Bones: Scapula and humerus.
    • Type: Simple, multiaxial joint.
    • Ligaments: Coracohumeral ligament is the main ligament; glenohumeral ligaments (glenohumeral laterare and glenohumeral mediale) also present in carnivores.
    • Species Differences: Species variability exists (e.g., large animals can possess fewer ligaments compared to carnivores).

    Elbow Joint (Cubital Joint)

    • Bones: Humerus, radius, and ulna.
    • Type: Composite, uniaxial joint.
    • Ligaments: Collateral ligaments (collaterale laterale and collaterale mediale) provide support.

    Carpal Joint

    • Bones: Radius, ulna, and carpal bones.
    • Types: Hinge, composite, uniaxial joint.
    • Ligaments: Ligaments connect carpal bones to each other and to the radius and ulna.

    Phalangeal Joints

    • Types: Composite, uniaxial (metacarpophalangeal), hinge joint (proximal and distal interphalangeal). Ligaments aid in stability.

    Sacroiliac Joint

    • Bones: Sacrum and ilium (hip bone).
    • Type: Simple, plane joint (limited movement).
    • Ligaments: Ligamentum sacroiliac dorsale breve, ligamentum sacroiliac dorsale longum, and sacrotuberous ligament aid stability

    Hip Joint (Coxal Joint)

    • Bones: Pelvis (hip bone) and femur
    • Type: Simple multiaxial ball and socket joint.
    • Ligaments: Ligamentum capitis ossis femoris and transverse acetabular ligament support the joint.

    Stifle Joint (Knee Joint)

    • Bones: Femur, tibia, fibula, and patella.
    • Type: Hinge, condylar, and a slightly modified ball and socket joint.
    • Ligaments: Include meniscofemoral, cruciate, and collateral ligaments, along with patellar ligaments for stability.

    Tarsal Joint

    • Bones: Tibia, fibula, metatarsal bones.
    • Type: Uniaxial joint
    • Ligaments: Lateral and medial collateral ligaments.

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    Assessment Joints Anatomy and Histology PDF

    Description

    This quiz assesses your knowledge of various joints, including the temporomandibular, atlanto-occipital, and atlanto-axial joints. Dive into the anatomy, types, and specific ligaments associated with each joint in different animal species. Test your understanding of joint structures and their histological aspects.

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