Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)?
What is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)?
- Passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach (correct)
- Produce gastric juices for digestion
- Store bile for digestion
- Convert food into chyme
Where does chyme pass through after being converted in the stomach?
Where does chyme pass through after being converted in the stomach?
- Pyloric sphincter valve (correct)
- Hepatic ducts
- Lower esophageal sphincter
- Fundus
Which part of the small intestine is around 8 feet long?
Which part of the small intestine is around 8 feet long?
- Ileum
- Duodenum
- Jejunum (correct)
- Large intestine
What is the primary contribution of the liver to digestion?
What is the primary contribution of the liver to digestion?
Which organ stores iron and fat-soluble vitamins?
Which organ stores iron and fat-soluble vitamins?
What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
Which of the following is NOT one of the three pairs of salivary glands?
Which of the following is NOT one of the three pairs of salivary glands?
What is the primary function of the tongue?
What is the primary function of the tongue?
What is the term used to describe the process of chewing food?
What is the term used to describe the process of chewing food?
What is the term used to describe the soft, moist lump of chewed food that is swallowed?
What is the term used to describe the soft, moist lump of chewed food that is swallowed?
What is the approximate length of the digestive tract in the average adult?
What is the approximate length of the digestive tract in the average adult?
What is the primary function of bile produced by the gallbladder?
What is the primary function of bile produced by the gallbladder?
Which of the following statements about the pancreas is correct?
Which of the following statements about the pancreas is correct?
What is the primary function of the villi lining the jejunum and ileum?
What is the primary function of the villi lining the jejunum and ileum?
Which of the following nutrients are absorbed by the capillaries within the villi?
Which of the following nutrients are absorbed by the capillaries within the villi?
What is the role of the common bile duct in the digestive process?
What is the role of the common bile duct in the digestive process?
What must chyme pass through to get to the duodenum from the bottom of the stomach (antrum)?
What must chyme pass through to get to the duodenum from the bottom of the stomach (antrum)?
What is the total length of the small intestine?
What is the total length of the small intestine?
Where is bile or gall drained into and where is it stored?
Where is bile or gall drained into and where is it stored?
What is the primary function of bile in the digestive process?
What is the primary function of bile in the digestive process?
What are the hair-like protrusions called that line the walls of the jejunum and ileum?
What are the hair-like protrusions called that line the walls of the jejunum and ileum?
Which anal sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle and under voluntary control?
Which anal sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle and under voluntary control?
What is the name of the muscular contractions that move food down the esophagus?
What is the name of the muscular contractions that move food down the esophagus?
Which nerve carries taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Which nerve carries taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
What is the name of the structure that protects the larynx during swallowing?
What is the name of the structure that protects the larynx during swallowing?
Which part of the stomach is responsible for storing ingested food?
Which part of the stomach is responsible for storing ingested food?
What is the name of the sphincter muscle that controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach?
What is the name of the sphincter muscle that controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach?
Which salivary gland is located below the tongue?
Which salivary gland is located below the tongue?
Flashcards
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) Function
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) Function
Passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach.
Pyloric Sphincter Valve
Pyloric Sphincter Valve
Regulates the passage of chyme into the small intestine.
Jejunum Length
Jejunum Length
The middle section of the small intestine, approximately 8 feet long, where most nutrient absorption occurs due to villi.
Liver's Digestive Contribution
Liver's Digestive Contribution
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Liver's storage function
Liver's storage function
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Hydrochloric Acid Function
Hydrochloric Acid Function
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Digestive System's Function
Digestive System's Function
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Tongue's Primary Function
Tongue's Primary Function
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Mastication
Mastication
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Bolus
Bolus
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Length of Digestive Tract
Length of Digestive Tract
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Bile's Primary Function
Bile's Primary Function
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Pancreas Statement
Pancreas Statement
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Villi Function
Villi Function
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Nutrients Absorbed by Villi Capillaries
Nutrients Absorbed by Villi Capillaries
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Common Bile Duct's Role
Common Bile Duct's Role
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Chyme's Exit Point
Chyme's Exit Point
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Small Intestine Length
Small Intestine Length
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Bile Drainage and Storage
Bile Drainage and Storage
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Bile's Primary Digestive Function
Bile's Primary Digestive Function
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Small Intestine Protrusions
Small Intestine Protrusions
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Voluntary Anal Sphincter
Voluntary Anal Sphincter
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Esophageal Muscle Contractions
Esophageal Muscle Contractions
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Anterior Tongue Taste Nerve
Anterior Tongue Taste Nerve
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Larynx Protector
Larynx Protector
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Stomach Food Storage
Stomach Food Storage
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Sphincter Between Esophagus and Stomach
Sphincter Between Esophagus and Stomach
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Salivary Gland Location
Salivary Gland Location
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Study Notes
Digestive System Overview
- The digestive system is a 30-foot long continuous tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus
- Functions: digestion of food into nutrients, absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream, and elimination of solid wastes
Mouth and Teeth
- Salivary glands (parotid, sublingual, and submandibular) produce saliva to begin the digestive process
- Teeth used for mastication, food particles mix with saliva to form a bolus for swallowing
- Tongue is covered with taste buds and raised elevations called papillae
Esophagus
- Food is moved down the esophagus by peristalsis (wavelike muscular contractions)
- Lower esophageal sphincter (LES) permits the passage of food
Stomach
- Muscular, expandable organ with upper portion called the fundus and lower portion called the antrum
- Hydrochloric acid and gastric juices convert food to a semiliquid state called chyme
- Chyme passes through the pyloric sphincter valve into the duodenum
Small Intestine
- 21 feet long, 1 inch in diameter, extending from the pyloric sphincter valve to the large intestine
- Divided into duodenum (1 ft), jejunum (8 ft), and ileum (12 ft)
- Villi (hair-like protrusions) slow the passage of food, allowing absorption of nutrients
Liver and Bile
- Liver produces bile, stored in the gallbladder
- Bile helps emulsify fats, making them easier to digest
- Liver also stores iron and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
Pancreas
- Secretes pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the duodenum
- Pancreatic duct merges with the common bile duct
Large Intestine
- 4-5 feet long, 2.5 inches in diameter
- Functions: absorbs remaining water and nutrients from indigestible food matter, stores wastes, and eliminates waste
- Composed of cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum
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