28 Questions
From which artery does the right common carotid artery arise?
The brachiocephalic artery
Where does the left common carotid artery arise from?
The arch of the aorta in the superior mediastinum
Behind which joint does the right common carotid artery arise from the brachiocephalic artery?
The right sternoclavicular joint
From which part of the aorta does the left common carotid artery originate?
The arch of the aorta
In which region of the body does the left common carotid artery originate?
The superior mediastinum
What is the name of the artery that supplies the mandible and the lower teeth?
Inferior alveolar artery
Which artery is a branch of the maxillary artery and supplies the meninges?
Middle meningeal artery
What is the name of the branches that supply the external auditory meatus and the tympanic membrane?
Small branches
What is the main function of the inferior alveolar artery?
Supplies the mandible and the lower teeth
What is the origin of the middle meningeal artery?
Maxillary artery
Through which part of the body does the common carotid artery run upward?
The neck
What are the two branches that the common carotid artery divides into at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx?
External and internal carotid arteries
What is the relationship between the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein?
The internal jugular vein is lateral to the common carotid artery
What is the relationship between the common carotid artery and the vagus nerve?
The vagus nerve is posterior to the common carotid artery
What is the anterior relation of the common carotid artery?
The skin, fascia, sternocleidomastoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and posterior belly of omohyoid
Which sinus receives blood from the cavernous sinus and drains into the internal jugular vein?
Inferior petrosal sinus
Which vein is formed by the union of the supratrochlear and supraorbital veins?
Facial vein
Which veins drain the pharynx and empty into the internal jugular vein?
Pharyngeal veins
Which vein originates from the lingual sublingual veins and drains into the facial vein or internal jugular vein?
Lingual vein
Which vein originates from the thyroid gland and drains into the internal jugular vein?
Superior thyroid vein and Middle thyroid vein
What is the origin of the Internal Carotid Artery?
The upper border of the thyroid cartilage
What structures do the Internal Carotid Artery lie with in the carotid sheath?
The internal jugular vein and vagus nerve
What is the site of entry of the Internal Carotid Artery into the cranial cavity?
The carotid canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone
What is the chief branch of the Common Carotid Artery that supplies the brain?
Internal Carotid Artery
What forms the External Jugular Vein?
The union of the posterior auricular vein with the posterior division of the retromandibular vein
What is the site of drainage of the External Jugular Vein?
The subclavian vein behind the middle of the clavicle
What is the origin of the Anterior Jugular Vein?
Superficial submandibular vein
What is the significance of the superior and inferior bulbs in the Internal Jugular Vein?
Dilatations at the upper and lower ends of the vein
Study Notes
Common Carotid Artery
- Right common carotid artery arises from the brachiocephalic artery behind the right sternoclavicular joint
- Left common carotid artery arises from the arch of the aorta in the superior mediastinum
- Runs upward through the neck, embedded in the carotid sheath, closely related to the internal jugular vein (laterally) and vagus nerve (posteriorly)
- Divides into external and internal carotid arteries at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage of the larynx
- Gives off no branch apart from the two terminal branches
Relations of Common Carotid Artery
- Anterolaterally: skin, fascia, sternocleidomastoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and posterior belly of omohyoid
- Posteriorly: transverse processes of lower four cervical vertebrae, prevertebral muscles, sympathetic trunk, and vertebral vessels
Internal Carotid Artery
- One of the terminal branches of the common carotid artery, beginning at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage
- Ascends in the neck to the base of the skull, embedded in the carotid sheath with the internal jugular vein and vagus nerve
- Enters the cranial cavity through the carotid canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone
- Gives off no branches in the neck
- Supplies the brain, eye, forehead, and part of the nose
Relations of Internal Carotid Artery
- Anterolaterally: skin, fascia, anterior border of sternocleidomastoid, hypoglossal nerve, stylohyoid, stylopharyngeus muscles, glossopharyngeal nerve, pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve, parotid gland, and external carotid artery
- Posteriorly: sympathetic trunk, longus capitis muscle, and transverse processes of the upper three cervical vertebrae
- Medially: pharyngeal wall and superior laryngeal nerve
- Laterally: internal jugular vein and vagus nerve
External Jugular Vein
- Formed behind the angle of the jaw by the union of the posterior auricular vein with the posterior division of the retromandibular vein
- Descends across the sternocleidomastoid muscle and beneath the platysma muscle
- Drains into the subclavian vein behind the middle of the clavicle
Anterior Jugular Vein
- Originates from the superficial submandibular vein
- Descends in the front of the neck close to the midline and just above the sternum
- Joined to the opposite vein by the jugular arch
- Joins the external jugular vein deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle
Internal Jugular Vein
- Starts as a continuation of the sigmoid sinus and leaves the skull through the jugular foramen
- Descends through the neck in the carotid sheath, lateral to the vagus nerve and the internal and common carotid arteries
- Ends by joining the subclavian vein behind the medial end of the clavicle to form the brachiocephalic vein
- Large vein that receives blood from the brain, face, and neck
Relations of Internal Jugular Vein
- Closely related to the deep cervical lymph nodes throughout its course
- Has a dilatation at its upper end called the superior bulb and another near its termination called the inferior bulb
- Directly above the inferior bulb is a bicuspid valve
Tributaries of Internal Jugular Vein
- Inferior petrosal sinus
- Facial vein
- Pharyngeal veins
- Lingual vein
- Superior thyroid vein
- Middle thyroid vein
This quiz covers the origin and anatomy of the right and left common carotid arteries, including their relationships with the brachiocephalic artery and the aorta.
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