Anatomy Lecture Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

To support the immune response

To transport oxygen and nutrients throughout the body (correct)

To drain excess fluid from the body

To facilitate gas exchange in the lungs

Which of the following does NOT form part of the lymphatic system?

Lymph nodes

Arteries (correct)

Lymph ducts

Lymph vessels

In what position is the body if the palms are facing forward?

Supine position

Prone position

Standing position (correct)

Lateral recumbent position

What role does the lymphatic system play related to disease?

It helps create and circulate vital cells that fight disease Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes the right lateral recumbent position?

Lying on the right side Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

Controlling movement of air in and out of the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the integumentary system?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

Which organs are part of the urinary (excretory) system?

Ureters and bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary responsibility of the integumentary system?

Protecting the body from the external environment Signup and view all the answers

How does the urinary system contribute to blood pressure regulation?

Through the removal of excess fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of anatomy?

Science of body structures and their relationships. Signup and view all the answers

Which plane divides the body into equal right and left sides?

Median Plane Signup and view all the answers

What does the frontal or coronal plane do?

Separates the body into anterior and posterior portions. Signup and view all the answers

Which section is referred to as a cross section?

Transverse section Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of physiology?

To understand how body parts function. Signup and view all the answers

Which section is taken at a diagonal angle?

Oblique section Signup and view all the answers

What does the upper limb consist of?

Armpit to hand Signup and view all the answers

What is the median plane also known as?

Midsagittal plane Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a body part that is farther from the trunk?

Distal Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical term refers to the front of the body?

Anterior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered superficial in relation to the lungs?

Ribs Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical term for the wrist?

Carpal Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a body part located towards the surface of the body?

External Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical term refers to the back of the body?

Dorsal Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the area of the upper arm?

Brachial Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms indicates proximity to the head?

Superior Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical term for the knee?

Patella Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is distal to the wrist?

Hand Signup and view all the answers

Which system is responsible for breaking down foods into nutrients?

Digestive System Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

Facilitating movement and providing structure Signup and view all the answers

Which organs are included in the musculoskeletal system?

Skeleton, Muscles, Tendons Signup and view all the answers

What components make up the central nervous system?

Brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the immune system?

Fighting against infections and diseases Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

80 Signup and view all the answers

What is one component of the peripheral nervous system?

Nerves connected to the organs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the endocrine system?

Tonsils Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anatomy and Physiology Overview

Anatomy: Study of body structures and their relationships.
- Derived from "Ana" (up) + "Tomy" (process of cutting).
- Sections include:
  - Transverse Section: Crosswise cut.
  - Oblique Section: Diagonal cut.
  - Longitudinal Section: Lengthwise cut.
Physiology: Science of body functions and how body parts work.

Anatomical Planes and Sections

Sagittal Plane: Divides body into right & left portions.
- Median Plane: Equal right and left sides.
- Parasagittal Plane: Unequal right & left sides.
Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back).
Attachment terms:
- Proximal: Closer to trunk or point of attachment.
- Distal: Farther from trunk or point of attachment.
- Superficial/External: On the surface of the body.
- Deep/Internal: Away from the surface of the body.

Regional Names in Anatomy

Head: Encloses and protects the face.
Neck: Supports the head, connects to the trunk.
Trunk: Comprises chest, abdomen, and pelvis.
Upper Limb: Armpit to hand.
Lower Limb: Buttocks to foot.

Anatomical Positions

Standard Position: Erect, facing forward, arms at sides, palms forward.
Prone: Lying on the tummy.
Supine: Lying on the back.
Lateral Recumbent: Lying on side (right or left).
Fowler’s Position: Sitting upright or slightly back.

Organ Systems Overview

Circulatory System: Transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste. Key components include heart and blood vessels.
Lymphatic System: Drains excess fluids and helps fight disease. Comprises lymph vessels and nodes.
Respiratory System: Facilitates breathing and gas exchange. Includes lungs and trachea.
Integumentary System: Largest organ system, protects body and regulates temperature. Includes skin, hair, and nails.
Endocrine System: Regulates metabolism and hormones. Involves glands like the thyroid and adrenal.
Digestive System: Breaks down food for energy. Key organs include stomach and intestines.
Nervous System: Body's command station for communication. Divided into central (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral (nerves).
Immune System: Protects against infections. Key components include lymph nodes and spleen.
Musculoskeletal System: Provides structure and movement. Consists of bones and muscles.
Skeletal System: Structures the body with 206 bones, supporting movement and blood production.
Urinary (Excretory) System: Filters blood and removes waste, includes kidneys and bladder.

Anatomical Terms

Anterior/Front: Pertaining to the front side of the body.
Posterior/Back: Pertaining to the back side of the body.
Vital regions named include:
- Cranial (skull),
- Cervical (neck),
- Thoracic (chest), and
- Abdominal (abdomen).

Anatomical Position Characteristics

Erect posture, eyes forward, arms at side.
Upper limbs slightly away from trunk; thumbs pointed outward.
Feet flat and parallel, facing forward.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the basics of anatomy and physiology, focusing on body structures and spatial relationships. This quiz covers topics such as different types of sections including transverse and cross sections.