Anatomy H: Neuron Classification

What are the three classifications of neurons according to structure? (_______polar)

What classification of neuron has a simple short process that emerges from the cell body and divides into proximal and distal branches?

What classification of neuron has two processes (1 axon, 1 dendrite) that extend from opposite sides of the cell body?

What classification of neuron has three or more processes and is the most common group of neurons found in the central nervous system?

What classification of neuron conducts impulses in the CNS and integrates sensory and motor impulses?

What classification of neuron conducts impulses along efferent pathways from the CNS to an effector?

What classification of neuron is primarily bipolar and located in sensory organs?

Classification According to Structure

Neurons are classified into three structural types: unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar.

Unipolar Neurons

Characterized by a single short process that splits into two branches.
Primarily found in peripheral nerves, notably sensory neurons.

Bipolar Neurons

Feature two distinct processes: one axon and one dendrite extending from opposite sides of the cell body.
Typically located in specialized sensory organs such as the retina of the eye.

Multipolar Neurons

Comprised of three or more processes, including multiple dendrites and a single axon.
Most prevalent neuron type, predominantly found in the central nervous system (CNS).

Classification According to Function

Neurons can be categorized based on their function into interneurons, motor neurons, and sensory neurons.

Interneurons

Conduct impulses within the CNS, serving as connectors between sensory and motor pathways.
Can form either one continuous chain or consist of a single neuron.

Motor Neurons

Transmit impulses along efferent pathways, sending signals away from the CNS to effector organs, such as muscles or glands.
Many motor neurons are classified as multipolar.

Sensory Neurons

Majority are bipolar and are located in sensory organs to receive external stimuli.
Unipolar neurons play a role in transmitting impulses along afferent pathways, directing signals toward the CNS.

Explore the structural and functional classifications of neurons in this comprehensive flashcard quiz. Test your knowledge on unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons while enhancing your understanding of neuroanatomy. Ideal for students in Anatomy H.