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Questions and Answers
What type of movement decreases the angle between the bones or parts of the body?
What type of movement decreases the angle between the bones or parts of the body?
- Adduction
- Extension
- Abduction
- Flexion (correct)
In an extended joint, the angle between the articulating bones is always 90°.
In an extended joint, the angle between the articulating bones is always 90°.
False (B)
What is the term for the movement of the foot or toes toward the plantar surface?
What is the term for the movement of the foot or toes toward the plantar surface?
Plantarflexion
The description of joint movements is in reference to the _______________ position.
The description of joint movements is in reference to the _______________ position.
What type of movement increases the angle between the bones or parts of the body?
What type of movement increases the angle between the bones or parts of the body?
Match the following types of angular movements with their descriptions:
Match the following types of angular movements with their descriptions:
Cranial refers to the head region.
Cranial refers to the head region.
What is the term for the movement of the foot or toes upward, as occurs when walking uphill?
What is the term for the movement of the foot or toes upward, as occurs when walking uphill?
What is the combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction that occurs in a circular movement?
What is the combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction that occurs in a circular movement?
Inversion moves the sole of the foot away from the median plane.
Inversion moves the sole of the foot away from the median plane.
What is the movement of the 1st digit away from the position of opposition?
What is the movement of the 1st digit away from the position of opposition?
The movement of the mandible (sticking the chin out) is called ______________.
The movement of the mandible (sticking the chin out) is called ______________.
Which joint can perform circumduction?
Which joint can perform circumduction?
Eversion is a movement that moves the sole of the foot toward the median plane.
Eversion is a movement that moves the sole of the foot toward the median plane.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
What is the movement of the mandible (tucking the chin in) called?
What is the movement of the mandible (tucking the chin in) called?
What is the definition of hyperextension in the body?
What is the definition of hyperextension in the body?
Dorsiflexion is a type of flexion movement.
Dorsiflexion is a type of flexion movement.
What is the term for moving away from the median plane in the coronal plane?
What is the term for moving away from the median plane in the coronal plane?
When the foot is extended, it is _______________ (e.g., when standing on your toes).
When the foot is extended, it is _______________ (e.g., when standing on your toes).
What is an example of circular movement in the body?
What is an example of circular movement in the body?
Adduction means moving away from the median plane in the coronal plane.
Adduction means moving away from the median plane in the coronal plane.
Match the following types of movements with their descriptions:
Match the following types of movements with their descriptions:
What is the term for moving the anterior surface of a limb closer to the median plane?
What is the term for moving the anterior surface of a limb closer to the median plane?
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Study Notes
Directional Terms
- Cranial relates to the cranium (skull) and is a useful directional term when referring to the head region, commonly used by embryologists.
Joint Movements
- Joint movements are broadly classified as angular and circular movements.
- Angular movements increase or decrease the joint's angle produced by the articulating bones.
- Circular movements involve turning or revolving a part of the body around its longitudinal axis.
Angular Movements
- Flexion: indicates bending or decreasing the angle between the bones or parts of the body.
- Extension: indicates straightening or increasing the angle between the bones or parts of the body.
- Abduction: means moving away from the median plane in the coronal plane.
- Adduction: means moving toward the median plane in a coronal plane.
Special Movements
- Dorsiflexion: describes flexion at the ankle joint, as occurs when walking uphill or lifting the toes off the ground.
- Plantarflexion: turns the foot or toes toward the plantar surface, as occurs when standing on your toes.
- Circumduction: a circular movement that is a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction occurring in such a way that the distal end of the part moves in a circle.
- Inversion: moves the sole of the foot toward the median plane (facing the sole medially).
- Eversion: moves the sole of the foot away from the median plane (turning the sole laterally).
- Opposition: the movement by which the pad of the 1st digit (thumb) is brought to another digit pad.
- Reposition: describes the movement of the 1st digit away from the position of opposition back to its anatomical position.
- Protrusion: a movement anteriorly (forward) as occurs in protruding the mandible (sticking the chin out).
- Retrusion: a movement posteriorly (backward) as occurs in retruding the mandible (tucking the chin in).
- Hyperextension: occurs when a part of the body is extended beyond the anatomical position so that the joint angle is greater than 180°.
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