Anatomy Chapter 8: Joints Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are the three main functions of joints?

Enable movement, provide stability, allow long bones to lengthen.

What is functional classification?

The amount of motion any joint allows.

What is structural classification?

Their anatomical features.

What is synarthrosis?

Does not allow any movement between articulating bones and provides the greatest stability. Signup and view all the answers

What is amphiarthrosis?

Allows only a small amount of movement between articulating bones and provides a significant amount of stability. Signup and view all the answers

What is diarthrosis?

Freely moveable, allows a wide variety of specific movements and provides the least amount of stability. Signup and view all the answers

What are fibrous joints?

United by short collagen fibers of dense regular collagenous tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What are cartilaginous joints?

Have cartilage between the articulating bones. Signup and view all the answers

What are synovial joints?

Have joint space, known as a cavity, filled with fluid between articulating bones. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of fibrous joints?

Sutures, gomphoses, syndesmoses. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of syndesmoses?

Between radius and ulna; between fibula and tibia. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

Synchondroses and symphyses. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of symphyses?

Intervertebral joints; pubic symphysis. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three unique features of joint/synovial cavity?

Articular capsule, synovial fluid, articular cartilage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the articular capsule?

The double-layered structure of connective tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is synovial fluid?

Thick, colorless oily liquid that lubricates, absorbs shock, and functions metabolically. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments?

Intrinsic ligaments are found within the articular capsule; extrinsic ligaments are not part of the articular capsule. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 supportive and stabilizing structures of synovial joints?

Ligaments, tendons, bursae, tendon sheaths. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Functions of Joints

Enable movement, provide stability, and allow long bones to lengthen.

Functional Classification of Joints

Based on the degree of movement: synarthrotic (no movement), amphiarthrotic (limited movement), diarthrotic (freely movable).

Structural Classification of Joints

Defined by anatomical features: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.

Types of Joints

Synarthrosis: No movement; greatest stability.
Amphiarthrosis: Small amount of movement; significant stability.
Diarthrosis: Freely movable; least stability.

Fibrous Joints

United by short collagen fibers; no joint space.
Can be synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic.

Types of Fibrous Joints

Sutures: Stable synarthrotic joints that protect the brain.
Gomphoses: Joint between a tooth and its alveolus; held by the periodontal ligament.
Syndesmoses: Bones held together by interosseous membranes or ligaments; classified as amphiarthrotic.

Cartilaginous Joints

Contain cartilage between bones; no joint space.
Can be synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic.

Types of Cartilaginous Joints

Synchondroses: Hyaline cartilage; classified as synarthrotic (e.g., epiphyseal plates).
Symphyses: Fibrocartilage pad; classified as amphiarthrotic (e.g., intervertebral joints, pubic symphysis).

Synovial Joints

Feature a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid; classified as diarthrotic with the greatest range of motion.

Unique Features of Synovial Cavity

Contains articular capsule, synovial fluid, and articular cartilage.

Articular Capsule

Double-layered connective tissue; outer layer is dense irregular collagenous tissue, while the inner synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid.

Synovial Fluid

Thick, colorless liquid that lubricates joints, absorbs shock, and aids metabolic functions.

Articular Cartilage

Hyaline cartilage covering bone surfaces; avascular and vulnerable to injury leading to arthritis.

Other Components of Synovial Joints

Include adipose tissue, nerves, and blood vessels for functional support.

Supportive Structures of Synovial Joints

Comprise ligaments, tendons, bursae, and tendon sheaths.

Differences Between Ligaments

Intrinsic Ligaments: Located within the articular capsule.
Extrinsic Ligaments: Found outside the articular capsule, not part of it.

Tendons and Bursae

Tendon: Connects muscle to bone.
Bursae: Synovial-filled structures that cushion high-stress areas where different body parts interact.

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Description

Test your knowledge of joints with these flashcards covering key concepts from Anatomy Chapter 8. Learn about the functions, classifications, and anatomical features of joints to deepen your understanding of human movement and stability.