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What are the functions of the Axial Skeleton?
What are the functions of the Axial Skeleton?
Contains 80 bones, serves as a framework that supports and protects organs, provides surface area for muscle attachment, stabilizes and positions parts of the appendicular skeleton.
What are the four major sutures?
What are the four major sutures?
Lambdoid suture, coronal suture, sagittal suture, squamous suture.
What are the general functions of the frontal bone?
What are the general functions of the frontal bone?
Forms the anterior portion of the cranium and the roof of the orbits.
What is the general function of the parietal bones?
What is the general function of the parietal bones?
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What is the general function of the occipital bone?
What is the general function of the occipital bone?
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What are the general functions of the temporal bones?
What are the general functions of the temporal bones?
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What is the general function of the sphenoid bone?
What is the general function of the sphenoid bone?
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What is the general function of the ethmoid bone?
What is the general function of the ethmoid bone?
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What is the general function of the zygomatic bones?
What is the general function of the zygomatic bones?
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What is the general function of the maxillae bone?
What is the general function of the maxillae bone?
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What is the general function of the mandible bone?
What is the general function of the mandible bone?
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What is the general function of the lacrimal bones?
What is the general function of the lacrimal bones?
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What is the general function of the nasal bones?
What is the general function of the nasal bones?
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Study Notes
Functions of the Axial Skeleton
- Comprises 80 bones providing support and protection for vital organs.
- Offers extensive surface area for muscle attachment.
- Stabilizes and positions parts of the appendicular skeleton connected to limbs.
- Includes the skull (8 cranial and 14 facial bones), auditory ossicles (6), hyoid bone (1), vertebral column (24 vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx), and thoracic cage (sternum and 24 ribs).
Major Sutures of the Skull
- Lambdoid Suture: Connects the occipital bone with parietal bones.
- Coronal Suture: Joins the frontal bone to the parietal bones laterally.
- Sagittal Suture: Extends between the parietal bones from the lambdoid to the coronal suture.
- Squamous Suture: Connects the temporal bone with the parietal bone on each side.
Frontal Bone
- Forms the anterior portion of the cranium and the roof of the orbits.
- Contains frontal sinus providing drainage for the nasal cavity.
- Articulates with parietal, sphenoid, ethmoid, nasal, lacrimal, maxillary, and zygomatic bones.
- Features coronal suture, frontal sinus, and supraorbital foramen.
Parietal Bones
- Constitute part of the superior and lateral surfaces of the cranium.
- Articulates with each other, occipital, temporal, frontal, and sphenoid bones.
- Contains the sagittal and squamous sutures.
Occipital Bone
- Forms much of the posterior and inferior aspects of the cranium.
- Articulates with parietal, temporal bones, sphenoid, and first cervical vertebra (atlas).
- Contains occipital condyle, foramen magnum, and lambdoidal suture.
Temporal Bones
- Form part of the lateral walls of the cranium and zygomatic arches.
- Provide articulation with the mandible and house the internal ear organs.
- Serve as muscle attachment sites for jaw and head movements.
- Articulates with zygomatic, sphenoid, parietal, and occipital bones.
- Contains mastoid process, zygomatic process, styloid process, external auditory meatus, jugular foramen, and carotid canal.
Sphenoid Bone
- Contributes to the floor of the cranium and unifies cranial and facial bones.
- Acts as a brace, reinforcing skull sides and aiding in nasal cavity cleaning.
- Articulates with ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal bones, as well as palatine, zygomatic, maxillae, and vomer.
- Contains sella turcica, hypophyseal fossa, greater wing, and sphenoidal sinus.
Ethmoid Bone
- Forms the anteromedial floor of the cranium, nasal cavity roof, nasal septum, and medial orbital wall.
- Houses sinuses that assist in clearing nasal cavity surfaces.
- Articulates with frontal, sphenoid, nasal, lacrimal, palatine, maxillary bones, inferior nasal conchae, and vomer.
- Contains crista galli, cribriform plate, perpendicular plate, and ethmoid sinuses.
Zygomatic Bones
- Contribute to the rim and lateral wall of the orbit along with forming the zygomatic arch.
- Articulates with maxillae, sphenoid, frontal, and temporal bones.
Maxillae Bone
- Supports upper teeth and forms inferior orbital rim, lateral external nares, upper jaw, and most of the hard palate.
- Largest facial bones with maxillary sinuses being the largest sinuses.
- Articulates with frontal, ethmoid, and all facial bones except mandible.
- Contains palatine process and maxillary sinuses.
Mandible Bone
- Forms the lower jaw.
- Articulates with mandibular fossae of the temporal bones.
- Contains mandibular condyle, body, coronoid process, ramus, and angle.
Lacrimal Bones
- Create part of the medial wall of the orbit.
- Articulates with frontal, maxillae, and ethmoid bones.
Nasal Bones
- Support the superior portion of the bridge of the nose.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the functions of the axial skeleton with this flashcard quiz. Understand the structure and significance of the 80 bones that form this crucial part of the human skeleton, including the skull and associated bones. Get ready to enhance your anatomy understanding!
