Anatomy Excel Chart

Abducts and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip.

Dorsal ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines.

Anterior lateral angle of the greater trochanter of the femur.

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1).

Lateral rotation of the thigh.

Abduction (moving leg away from the middle) of the thigh from the pelvis.

Important for stabilizing the pelvis during stance and walking.

Branches from the posterior trunk (internal iliac artery).

Extend the thigh at the hip and help prevent trunk from falling forward during walking.

Pulls the trunk backward and prevents trunk forward movement during walking.

Provides blood supply to Gluteus Maximus.

Abduct the thigh at the hip.

Laterally rotates the thigh at the hip, stabilizes the hip, and abducts the thigh at the hip.

Plays a crucial role in initial contact and loading phases by providing stability.

Describes the different stages in a typical walking cycle.

Elevates the scapula, extends the head & neck, and pulls the scapula upwards in abduction above the horizontal plane, particularly when the scapula is fixed.

Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, spinous processes of C7 to T12 (via ligamentum nuchae).

Upper 1/3: superior edge of scapular spine, Middle 1/3: acromion process, Lower 1/3: posterior border of lateral 1/3 of clavicle.

Occipital artery (upper 1/3), transverse cervical artery (middle 1/3), dorsal scapular artery (lower 1/3).

Motor: Accessory nerve (CN XI) (C1-C5) Sensory: Anterior rami of C3 & C4

Retracts the scapula, pulling it towards the spine.

Depresses the scapula and rotates it downwards, helps with side bending and opposite rotation of the head & neck.

Cranial nerve XI (C1-C5) and spinal levels C3 & C4

Trapezius is a large, flat muscle that elevates, retracts, depresses, and rotates the scapula. It also extends the head and neck.

Trapezius plays a crucial role in stabilizing the scapula during arm movements and overall posture.

Laterally rotates and weakly abducts/medially rotates thigh at hip.

Midway between ASIS & iliac tubercle.

Stabilizes knee in extension and hip joint.

Anterior sacrum, 1st-4th sacral foramina.

Laterally rotates extended thigh at hip, abducts flexed thigh.

Anterior wall of circumference of obturator foramen.

Laterally rotates extended thigh at hip, abducts flexed thigh.

Posterior abdominal wall, transverse processes of T12 to L5.

Flexes thigh at the hip, trunk against resistance.

Upper portion of iliac fossa of ilium.

Flexes thigh at hip.

Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS).

Flexes thigh, extends leg at the knee, abducts, laterally rotates thigh.

Linea aspera, medial lip.

Extends leg at the knee.

The deltoid muscle has multiple functions, including arm abduction at the shoulder joint, flexion, extension, and medial and lateral rotation.

The deltoid muscle is innervated by the axillary nerve (C5, C6).

The deltoid muscle receives blood supply from branches of the thoracoacromial artery and the circumflex humeral arteries.

The levator scapulae muscle elevates the scapula, assisting in upward rotation and flexion of the neck.

The levator scapulae muscle is innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve (C5) and anterior rami of C3, C4.

The rhomboids (major and minor) retract the scapula at the medial border, and assist in scapular elevation.

Both the rhomboid major and minor are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5).

The rotator cuff muscles are a group of four muscles that surround the shoulder joint, stabilizing and controlling movements.

The supraspinatus muscle initiates abduction of the humerus (arm) at the shoulder joint, holding the humeral head in place.

The infraspinatus muscle laterally rotates the humerus at the shoulder joint, holding the humeral head in place.

The teres minor muscle helps to laterally rotate the humerus, hold the humeral head in place, and weakly adduct the arm.

The subscapularis muscle medially rotates the humerus and holds the humeral head in place, acting as a strong internal rotator.

The teres major muscle medially rotates the humerus, assists in extending the arm, and adducts the arm when resistance is present.

The rotator cuff muscles are innervated by the suprascapular nerve (C5, C6) for supraspinatus and infraspinatus, and the axillary nerve (C5, C6) for teres minor and subscapularis.

The rotator cuff muscles receive blood supply from the suprascapular artery, the posterior circumflex humeral artery and the circumflex scapular arteries.