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What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment.
True
The three anatomical planes are the _______________, _______________, and _______________ planes.
What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
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Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment.
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The three anatomical planes are the _______________, _______________, and _______________ planes.
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What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
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Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment.
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The three anatomical planes are the _______, _______, and _______ planes.
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What is the primary function of the cerebrospinal fluid?
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Which component of blood is responsible for blood clotting?
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What is the term for the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells?
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What is the term for the contraction phase of the heart?
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What is the term for an abnormally fast heart rate?
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What is the pulmonary circuit responsible for carrying blood from?
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What is the term for the valve that prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium?
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What is the term for an abnormally slow heart rate?
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What is the primary function of the medulla oblongata?
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Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals?
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What is the function of the thalamus?
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Which type of neuron carries impulses away from the central nervous system?
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What is the function of astrocytes?
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What is the anatomical position?
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What is the function of the cerebellum?
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Which type of neuroglia is responsible for producing myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
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Which of the following muscles is responsible for expanding the thoracic cavity during inhalation?
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What is the site of gas exchange between the air we breathe and the blood?
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Which of the following organs is NOT an accessory digestive organ?
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What is the term for the process of moving food through the digestive tract using muscle contractions?
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Which of the following processes involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules?
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What is the term for the intake of food into the digestive system?
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Which of the following is an example of mechanical digestion?
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Which of the following is an example of chemical digestion?
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Study Notes
Epithelial Tissue
- The primary function of epithelial tissue is protection and secretion.
Homeostasis
- Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment.
Anatomical Planes
- The three anatomical planes are the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes.
Directional Terms
- Anterior refers to toward the front of the body.
- Posterior refers to toward the back of the body.
- Medial refers to closer to the midline of the body.
- Lateral refers to away from the midline of the body.
Anatomical Position
- The anatomical position is important in the study of anatomy.
Nervous System
- Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the central nervous system (CNS).
- Sensory (afferent) neurons carry impulses toward the central nervous system.
- The dendrites of a neuron receive incoming signals, while the axon conducts impulses away from the cell body.
Brain Structures
- The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and balance.
- The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis and regulates endocrine function.
- The medulla oblongata regulates vital functions like heart rate and breathing.
- The thalamus is a relay station for sensory impulses.
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- CSF flows through the central nervous system.
Blood
- Plasma, red blood cells, and platelets are components of blood.
- Leukocytes are involved in immune response, not oxygen transport.
- Hematocrit is the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells.
Blood Cells
- Erythrocytes are responsible for oxygen transport.
- Leukocytes are involved in immune response.
- Platelets are involved in blood clotting.
Cardiovascular System
- The pulmonary circuit carries blood from the heart to the lungs.
- The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta.
- The mitral valve prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium.
Heart Function
- Systole is the contraction phase of the heart.
- Diastole is the relaxation phase of the heart.
- Tachycardia is an abnormally fast heart rate.
- Bradycardia is an abnormally slow heart rate.
Electrocardiogram (EKG)
- An EKG is a record of the electrical activity of the heart.
Respiratory System
- The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in respiration.
- External respiration refers to gas exchange between the lungs and the atmosphere.
- Inspiration and expiration refer to the process of air moving into and out of the lungs.
Respiratory Structures
- Alveoli are the site of gas exchange.
- The trachea is an air passageway to the lungs.
- Bronchi are air passageways that branch from the trachea into the lungs.
- The larynx is involved in voice production.
Mechanics of Breathing
- Breathing involves pressure and volume changes in the thoracic cavity.
Digestive System
- The liver is an accessory digestive organ.
- Peristalsis involves the rhythmic contraction of muscles to move food along the digestive tract.
- The building blocks of proteins are amino acids.
Digestive Processes
- Ingestion is the intake of food.
- Digestion is the breakdown of food into smaller molecules.
- Absorption is the uptake of nutrients by body cells.
- Defecation is the removal of indigestible substances from the body.
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
- Mechanical digestion involves physical breakdown of food, such as chewing.
- Chemical digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules using enzymes.
Epithelial Tissue
- The primary function of epithelial tissue is protection and secretion.
Homeostasis
- Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment.
Anatomical Planes
- The three anatomical planes are the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes.
Directional Terms
- Anterior refers to toward the front of the body.
- Posterior refers to toward the back of the body.
- Medial refers to closer to the midline of the body.
- Lateral refers to away from the midline of the body.
Anatomical Position
- The anatomical position is important in the study of anatomy.
Nervous System
- Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the central nervous system (CNS).
- Sensory (afferent) neurons carry impulses toward the central nervous system.
- The dendrites of a neuron receive incoming signals, while the axon conducts impulses away from the cell body.
Brain Structures
- The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements and balance.
- The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis and regulates endocrine function.
- The medulla oblongata regulates vital functions like heart rate and breathing.
- The thalamus is a relay station for sensory impulses.
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- CSF flows through the central nervous system.
Blood
- Plasma, red blood cells, and platelets are components of blood.
- Leukocytes are involved in immune response, not oxygen transport.
- Hematocrit is the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells.
Blood Cells
- Erythrocytes are responsible for oxygen transport.
- Leukocytes are involved in immune response.
- Platelets are involved in blood clotting.
Cardiovascular System
- The pulmonary circuit carries blood from the heart to the lungs.
- The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta.
- The mitral valve prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium.
Heart Function
- Systole is the contraction phase of the heart.
- Diastole is the relaxation phase of the heart.
- Tachycardia is an abnormally fast heart rate.
- Bradycardia is an abnormally slow heart rate.
Electrocardiogram (EKG)
- An EKG is a record of the electrical activity of the heart.
Respiratory System
- The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in respiration.
- External respiration refers to gas exchange between the lungs and the atmosphere.
- Inspiration and expiration refer to the process of air moving into and out of the lungs.
Respiratory Structures
- Alveoli are the site of gas exchange.
- The trachea is an air passageway to the lungs.
- Bronchi are air passageways that branch from the trachea into the lungs.
- The larynx is involved in voice production.
Mechanics of Breathing
- Breathing involves pressure and volume changes in the thoracic cavity.
Digestive System
- The liver is an accessory digestive organ.
- Peristalsis involves the rhythmic contraction of muscles to move food along the digestive tract.
- The building blocks of proteins are amino acids.
Digestive Processes
- Ingestion is the intake of food.
- Digestion is the breakdown of food into smaller molecules.
- Absorption is the uptake of nutrients by body cells.
- Defecation is the removal of indigestible substances from the body.
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
- Mechanical digestion involves physical breakdown of food, such as chewing.
- Chemical digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules using enzymes.
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Description
Review questions covering epithelial tissue, homeostasis, and anatomical planes. Test your knowledge of anatomy and physiology concepts!
