Anatomy and Physiology Overview

Anatomy

Physiology

Gross or macroscopic anatomy

<p>Microscopic anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regional anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>System anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Histology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developmental anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Embryology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To feel</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To listen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiovascular physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Function always reflects structure; what a structure can do depends on its specific form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms, molecules, and organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Single cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bunch of cells that have a combined function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contains two or more types of tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organs that work closely together</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, and growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Catabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of offspring and cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in size of both cells and organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separation between internal and external environments must exist</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allows manipulation of the environment and locomotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to sense and respond to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breakdown of ingested food followed by absorption of simple molecules into blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refers to movement at the cellular level</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework for the muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allows manipulation of the environment and locomotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As the fast-acting control system of the body, responds to internal and external changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth and metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood vessels transport blood which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mounts the attack against foreign (non-self) substances within the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Are eliminated as feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water regulation, electrolyte regulation, and acid-base balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produce sperm and male sex hormone testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aid in delivery of sperm to the female reproductive tract during sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A female sex hormone produced by the ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A female sex hormone produced by the ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serve as sites for fertilization and development of the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produce milk to nourish the newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans need several factors for survival that must be in the appropriate amounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemicals for energy and cell building</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major source of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Needed for cell building and cell chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-term energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Essential for release of energy from foods; the body can survive only a few minutes without it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most abundant chemical in body; provides the watery environment needed for chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Should be around 98.6 F/ 37 C; required to maintain at a particular level to function optimally</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Necessary for breathing and gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite continuous changes in environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body must constantly be monitored and regulated to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Have the largest roles in maintaining homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Factors that can change and need to be kept within range</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Something that can sense change (temperature, chemical)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CNS (brain, spinal cord), decides if action needs to be taken, sends to effector</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Does the action of fixing the problem once the message is received</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitors environment; sensitive to pressure, heat, and chemicals; responds to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Things that cause changes in controlled variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determines the response and the variable at which it is maintained</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receives output from control center and provides the means to respond</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Includes skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respond by reducing output (negative feedback) or enhancing output (positive feedback)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most-used feedback mechanism in body; response reduces or shuts off original stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Umbrella term that refers to anything out of balance, increasing the risk of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward with thumbs pointing away from body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Describe one body structure in relation to another; based on standard anatomical position</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nervous system mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An endocrine system mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptors that sense decreased glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormone released by glands in pancreas to bring blood glucose levels up</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhances labor contractions in positive feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A positive feedback mechanism involved in blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart failure occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contributes to changes associated with homeostatic imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limbs (legs and arms)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study of the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another.

Study of the function of body parts; how they work to carry out life-sustaining activities.

The study of large, visible structures.

Deals with structures too small to be seen by naked eye.

Looks at all structures in a particular area of the body.

Looks at just one system, such as cardiovascular, nervous, muscular, etc.

Looks at internal structures as they relate to overlying skin.

Microscopic study of cells.

Microscopic study of tissues.

Studies anatomical and physiological development throughout life.

Study of developments before birth.

To feel.

To listen (ex - stethoscope).

To move.

How do kidneys work?

How does the heart work?

Function always reflects structure; what a structure can do depends on its specific form.

Atoms, molecules, and organelles.

Single cell.

Bunch of cells that have a combined function.

Contains two or more types of tissues.

Organs that work closely together.

All organ systems combined to make the whole organism.

Maintenance of life involves maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness, digestion, and metabolism.

Using chemistry to break things apart

Using chemistry to put things together

All chemical reactions that occur in body cells

Getting rid of waste products (ex: co2)

Of the body and of the cells

Of both cells and organisms

Separation between internal and external environments must exist

Muscular system allows movement

Ability to sense and respond to stimuli

Breakdown of ingested food followed by absorption of simple molecules into blood

Refers to movement at the cellular level

Forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury

Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework for the muscles

Allows manipulation of the environment and locomotion

As the fast-acting control system of the body, responds to internal and external changes

Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth and metabolism

Blood vessels transport blood which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and wastes

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood

Mounts the attack against foreign (non-self) substances within the body

Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.

Occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs.

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.

Are eliminated as feces.

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body.

A function of the urinary system.

A function of the urinary system.

A function of the urinary system.

Overall function is production of offspring.