21.1 Lymph and Lymph Vessels

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What is the main function of lymphatic capillaries in the GI tract?

Prevent fluid from entering the lymphatic capillary

Maintain a barrier to all substances in the GI tract

Facilitate movement of lymph out of the GI tract

Absorb lipid-soluble substances from the GI tract (correct)

What helps anchor endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries to nearby structures?

Chylomicrons

Lacteals

Anchoring filaments (correct)

Hydrostatic pressure

What is the driving force that moves fluid into the lymphatic capillaries?

Increase in interstitial hydrostatic pressure (correct)

Decrease in hydrostatic pressure

Rise in lymph hydrostatic pressure

Lower interstitial fluid pressure

Which term best describes lipid droplets enveloped within protein that are absorbed by the lacteals?

Chylomicrons Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would interstitial fluid enter the lymphatic capillary lumen?

When interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure exceeds lymph hydrostatic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is absorbed by the lacteals in the small intestine that cannot enter the blood directly from the GI tract?

Dietary lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins Signup and view all the answers

Where does the right lymphatic duct return lymph to the venous circulation?

The junction of the right subclavian vein and the right internal jugular vein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following areas does the right lymphatic duct drain lymph from?

The right side of the head and neck, the right upper limb, and the right side of the thorax Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for the largest lymph vessels that the lymphatic trunks drain into?

Lymphatic ducts Signup and view all the answers

How many lymphatic ducts are there in the body?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lymphatic ducts?

To convey lymph back into the venous circulation Signup and view all the answers

What might occur if a group of lymph nodes and their associated lymph vessels are surgically removed, as might happen with breast cancer metastasis?

Lymphatic drainage would be disrupted, leading to lymphedema Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

To transport lymph, a fluid containing white blood cells, proteins, and other substances Signup and view all the answers

Where does lymph originate?

In the interstitial fluid surrounding tissue cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between lymph vessels and lymphatic vessels?

Lymph vessels refer to any type of vessel in the lymphatic system, while lymphatic vessels specifically refer to vessels between lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic trunks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymphatic capillaries?

To allow fluid entry from the interstitial space into the lymphatic system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the lymphatic system?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymphoid structures in the lymphatic system?

To produce and mature lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate volume of interstitial fluid that is not reabsorbed back into the blood capillaries daily?

3 liters Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of lymph besides water and dissolved solutes?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when cancerous cells from a primary tumor spread to other locations in the body?

Metastasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between lymphatic capillaries and larger lymph vessels?

Lymphatic capillaries merge to form larger lymph vessels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal function of the lymphatic system in relation to interstitial fluid?

The lymphatic system removes excess interstitial fluid from the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that assists in the movement of lymph through the lymphatic vessels?

All of the above mechanisms contribute to lymph movement Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of valves within lymphatic vessels?

To prevent the backflow of lymph, ensuring one-way movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lymphatic trunks drains lymph from the lower limbs, abdominopelvic wall, and pelvic organs?

Lumbar trunks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

To filter out foreign or pathogenic material as lymph passes through them Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lymphatic trunks drains lymph from the head and neck region?

Jugular trunks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

To return interstitial fluid to the blood circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the lymphatic system?

Transporting lymph from tissue to blood Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the lymphatic system is involved in the formation and maturation of lymphocytes?

Primary lymphoid structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when fluid from the interstitial space moves into the lymphatic capillaries?

Filtration Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the difference between primary and secondary lymphoid structures?

Primary structures house lymphocytes while secondary structures form lymph. Signup and view all the answers

What assists in anchoring endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries to nearby structures?

Protein filaments called anchoring filaments Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the largest type of vessel within the lymphatic system that connects to lymphatic trunks?

Lymphatic duct Signup and view all the answers

What prevents the collapse of lymphatic capillaries as pressure from interstitial fluid increases?

The anchoring filaments between lymphatic capillary cells and surrounding tissue Signup and view all the answers

How is fluid movement into lymphatic capillaries analogous to a household entryway door?

The door opens when pressure is applied to the inside surface Signup and view all the answers

What forces endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries to close, trapping the lymph within?

Pressure from the surrounding tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels are included in the network through which lymph is transported?

Lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic trunks, and lymphatic ducts Signup and view all the answers

What causes the lymph to become trapped within the lymphatic capillary?

Pressure exerted by interstitial fluid on the outside of capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the next type of vessel after lymphatic vessels in the network for transporting lymph?

Lymphatic trunks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of obstructive lymphedema?

Trauma or infection of the lymph vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of untreated lymphedema on the affected area?

Increased protein-rich fluid buildup and risk of infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common treatment for lymphedema?

Compression garments and massage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of lymphedema in Southeast Asia and Africa?

Parasitic filarial worms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of obstructive lymphedema?

Increased production of interstitial fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of compression garments in the treatment of lymphedema?

Reduce swelling and assist in fluid return to circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the thoracic duct?

37.5 to 45 centimeters Signup and view all the answers

Where does the right lymphatic duct drain lymph from?

Right upper quadrant of the body Signup and view all the answers

What structure receives milky, lipid-rich lymph called chyle?

Cisterna chyli Signup and view all the answers

Which region does the thoracic duct primarily drain lymph from?

Left thorax Signup and view all the answers

What is the rounded saclike structure anterior to the L2 vertebra?

Cisterna chyli Signup and view all the answers

Which area is NOT drained by the thoracic duct?

Right upper limb Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of lymph, besides water and dissolved solutes?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

What process is described when cancerous cells from a primary tumor spread to other locations in the body?

Metastasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate daily volume of interstitial fluid that is not reabsorbed back into the blood capillaries?

3 liters Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the interstitial fluid once it enters the lymphatic capillaries?

It is called lymph Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is not mentioned as being present in lymph?

Red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

If cancerous cells from a primary breast tumor spread to the lungs via the lymphatic system, what would the cancerous cells in the lungs be called?

Metastasized breast cancer Signup and view all the answers

21.1 Lymph and Lymph Vessels

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of lymphatic capillaries in the GI tract?

What helps anchor endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries to nearby structures?

What is the driving force that moves fluid into the lymphatic capillaries?

Which term best describes lipid droplets enveloped within protein that are absorbed by the lacteals?

In which scenario would interstitial fluid enter the lymphatic capillary lumen?

What is absorbed by the lacteals in the small intestine that cannot enter the blood directly from the GI tract?

Where does the right lymphatic duct return lymph to the venous circulation?

Which of the following areas does the right lymphatic duct drain lymph from?

What is the other name for the largest lymph vessels that the lymphatic trunks drain into?

How many lymphatic ducts are there in the body?

What is the purpose of the lymphatic ducts?

What might occur if a group of lymph nodes and their associated lymph vessels are surgically removed, as might happen with breast cancer metastasis?

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

Where does lymph originate?

What is the difference between lymph vessels and lymphatic vessels?

What is the primary function of lymphatic capillaries?

Which of the following is a component of the lymphatic system?

What is the primary function of lymphoid structures in the lymphatic system?

What is the approximate volume of interstitial fluid that is not reabsorbed back into the blood capillaries daily?

What is the main component of lymph besides water and dissolved solutes?

What is the process called when cancerous cells from a primary tumor spread to other locations in the body?

What is the relationship between lymphatic capillaries and larger lymph vessels?

What is the normal function of the lymphatic system in relation to interstitial fluid?

What is the primary mechanism that assists in the movement of lymph through the lymphatic vessels?

What is the purpose of valves within lymphatic vessels?

Which of the following lymphatic trunks drains lymph from the lower limbs, abdominopelvic wall, and pelvic organs?

What is the primary function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

Which of the following lymphatic trunks drains lymph from the head and neck region?

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

What is the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the lymphatic system?

Which component of the lymphatic system is involved in the formation and maturation of lymphocytes?

What is the process called when fluid from the interstitial space moves into the lymphatic capillaries?

Which statement best describes the difference between primary and secondary lymphoid structures?

What assists in anchoring endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries to nearby structures?

Which term describes the largest type of vessel within the lymphatic system that connects to lymphatic trunks?

What prevents the collapse of lymphatic capillaries as pressure from interstitial fluid increases?

How is fluid movement into lymphatic capillaries analogous to a household entryway door?

What forces endothelial cells of lymphatic capillaries to close, trapping the lymph within?

Which vessels are included in the network through which lymph is transported?

What causes the lymph to become trapped within the lymphatic capillary?

What is the next type of vessel after lymphatic vessels in the network for transporting lymph?

What is the primary cause of obstructive lymphedema?

What is the main effect of untreated lymphedema on the affected area?

Which of the following is a common treatment for lymphedema?

What is the primary cause of lymphedema in Southeast Asia and Africa?

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of obstructive lymphedema?

What is the main function of compression garments in the treatment of lymphedema?

What is the length of the thoracic duct?

Where does the right lymphatic duct drain lymph from?

What structure receives milky, lipid-rich lymph called chyle?

Which region does the thoracic duct primarily drain lymph from?

What is the rounded saclike structure anterior to the L2 vertebra?

Which area is NOT drained by the thoracic duct?

What is the primary component of lymph, besides water and dissolved solutes?

What process is described when cancerous cells from a primary tumor spread to other locations in the body?

What is the approximate daily volume of interstitial fluid that is not reabsorbed back into the blood capillaries?

What happens to the interstitial fluid once it enters the lymphatic capillaries?

Which of the following components is not mentioned as being present in lymph?

If cancerous cells from a primary breast tumor spread to the lungs via the lymphatic system, what would the cancerous cells in the lungs be called?

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