Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a plexus of the vagus (X) nerve?
Which of the following is NOT a plexus of the vagus (X) nerve?
Which sympathetic fibers form a splanchnic nerve?
Which sympathetic fibers form a splanchnic nerve?
What differentiates an autonomic reflex from a somatic reflex?
What differentiates an autonomic reflex from a somatic reflex?
Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra?
Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra?
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Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________.
Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________.
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Which target organ receives dual innervation?
Which target organ receives dual innervation?
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Once a preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, one of three things can happen to the axon. Which of the following is NOT one of these three things?
Once a preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, one of three things can happen to the axon. Which of the following is NOT one of these three things?
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Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve ________.
Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve ________.
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The parasympathetic tone ________.
The parasympathetic tone ________.
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Where would you NOT find a cholinergic nicotinic receptor?
Where would you NOT find a cholinergic nicotinic receptor?
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The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of ________.
The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of ________.
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Which receptor pairing below is correct?
Which receptor pairing below is correct?
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Which of the following is a function of the parasympathetic division?
Which of the following is a function of the parasympathetic division?
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Which of these effectors is NOT directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Which of these effectors is NOT directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
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Which of the following is mismatched?
Which of the following is mismatched?
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Which of the following is NOT true about hypertension?
Which of the following is NOT true about hypertension?
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Which of the following is responsible for the overall integration of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
Which of the following is responsible for the overall integration of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
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The 'fight or flight' division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________.
The 'fight or flight' division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________.
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Raynaud's disease ________.
Raynaud's disease ________.
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Autonomic ganglia contain ________.
Autonomic ganglia contain ________.
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The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following EXCEPT ________.
The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following EXCEPT ________.
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Parasympathetic functions include ________.
Parasympathetic functions include ________.
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Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
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Study Notes
Vagus Nerve and Plexuses
- The vagus (X) nerve has several plexuses, including pulmonary and esophageal; however, it does NOT include the inferior hypogastric plexus.
Splanchnic Nerves
- Sympathetic fibers forming a splanchnic nerve pass through and synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia.
Autonomic vs. Somatic Reflexes
- An autonomic reflex is characterized by a two-neuron motor pathway, differentiating it from somatic reflexes.
Sympathetic Nerve Exit Points
- Sympathetic nerves can exit the spinal cord at the first thoracic vertebra.
Sympathetic Responses
- Widespread sympathetic responses occur because norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine are released into the bloodstream.
Dual Innervation
- The small intestine is a target organ that receives dual innervation from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Preganglionic Axon Pathways
- Upon reaching a trunk ganglion, a preganglionic axon may synapse in the same ganglion, pass through without synapsing, or ascend/descend within the sympathetic trunk.
Cranial Nerve Contributions
- Over 90% of parasympathetic fibers derive from cranial nerve X (vagus).
Normal Activities of the Urinary Tract
- Parasympathetic tone is responsible for maintaining normal activities of the urinary tract.
Cholinergic Nicotinic Receptors
- Cholinergic nicotinic receptors are not found in parasympathetic target organs but are present in all postganglionic neurons and skeletal muscle membranes.
Adrenal Medulla Secretions
- Secretions from the adrenal medulla enhance sympathetic stimulation.
Integration of Autonomic Reflexes
- Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic arcs by engaging two motor neurons.
Cooperation of Nervous Systems
- An example of parasympathetic and sympathetic cooperation involves vasodilation for erection by the parasympathetic system followed by ejaculation through sympathetic stimulation.
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Ganglia
- Sympathetic ganglia are near the CNS; parasympathetic ganglia are located close to the organs they serve.
Hypertension Misconceptions
- Hypertension is not a disorder of the parasympathetic division; it relates to excessive sympathetic activity.
Autonomic Nervous System Integration
- The hypothalamus is responsible for the overall integration of the autonomic nervous system.
Division Functions
- The sympathetic division is often referred to as the "fight or flight" division.
Raynaud's Disease
- Raynaud's disease features exaggerated vasoconstriction in extremities and is associated with severe stress responses.
Autonomic Ganglia Composition
- Autonomic ganglia contain the cell bodies of motor neurons.
Comparison of Nervous Systems
- The somatic and autonomic systems differ in target organ response, pathways, and effectors; however, their activity is regulated similarly by higher brain centers.
Lens Accommodation and Parasympathetic Functions
- Parasympathetic functions include lens accommodation for close vision and calming of heart rate, contributing to rest and digest processes.
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Description
Test your knowledge with this quiz covering Chapter 14 of Anatomy and Physiology. The questions focus on the vagus nerve and sympathetic fibers, providing a deeper insight into the nervous system. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of key concepts.
