Anatomy ACSM Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the Teres Major?

  • Extends the arm
  • Adducts the arm
  • Medially rotates the arm
  • All of the above (correct)

Which muscle rotates the arm laterally?

  • Teres Minor (correct)
  • Pectoralis Major
  • Teres Major
  • Latissimus Dorsi

What is the primary action of the Pectoralis Major?

Adducts and flexes the humerus.

The quadriceps femoris includes rectus femoris and three other muscles that primarily __________ the knee.

<p>extend</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Latissimus Dorsi do?

<p>Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The transverse abdominal helps to compress the ribs and viscera.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Deltoid Muscles?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What actions do the Trapezius perform?

<p>Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Rectus Abdominis?

<p>Flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdomen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the gluteus maximus?

<p>Main extensor muscle of the hip (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the obliques do?

<p>They function to pull the chest downwards and compress the abdominal cavity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the internal intercostal muscles?

<p>Facilitate forced expiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of the Rhomboid Muscles?

<p>Retracts the scapula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Teres Major

  • Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm/humerus
  • A flattened muscle that brings the arm toward the body, assisting in extending the arm from a flexed position
  • Functions oppositely to Teres Minor and other rotator cuff muscles

Teres Minor

  • Rotates the arm laterally and is a part of the rotator cuff
  • Assists in bringing the arm toward the body and strengthens the shoulder joint

Pectoralis Major

  • Responsible for adducting and flexing the humerus
  • Aids in rotating the arm forward about the body's axis
  • Assists latissimus dorsi and teres major during activities like mountain climbing by pulling the trunk upward

Quadriceps Femoris

  • Comprised of rectus femoris (extends knee and flexes hips) and three vastus muscles (lateralis, medialis, intermedius), which primarily extend the knee
  • Involved in leg movements and stabilization

Latissimus Dorsi

  • Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; pulls the shoulder downward and backward
  • Functions primarily in arm adduction, crucial for pull-ups, rowing, or lowering heavy objects
  • Medially rotates the arm, moving the front of the arm towards the body's midline

Transverse Abdominal

  • Compresses the abdominal wall and laterally rotates the waist
  • Provides thoracic and pelvic stability, acting as the body's natural weightlifting belt during lifts

Deltoid Muscles

  • Facilitate raising arms sideways
  • Anterior portion flexes and medially rotates the humerus
  • Middle part abducts the humerus, while the posterior section extends and laterally rotates the humerus

Trapezius

  • Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; extends the head at the neck
  • A wide, flat muscle covering the upper back
  • Upper section elevates scapula, middle retracts it, and lower retracts and depresses it

Rectus Abdominis

  • Flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdomen
  • Essential postural muscle, involved in movements like "crunch" sit-ups

Obliques

  • Side abdominal muscles that pull the chest down and compress the abdominal cavity
  • Involved in ipsilateral (same side) side-bending and contralateral (opposite side) rotation

Intercostal Muscles

  • Located between the ribs, crucial for ventilation
  • Facilitate chest cavity expansion and contraction for breathing
  • Includes external (forced inhalation) and internal (forced expiration) muscles

Rhomboid Muscles

  • Rhombus-shaped muscles associated with the scapula
  • Primarily responsible for scapular retraction

Gluteus Maximus

  • Main extensor of the hip, vital for maintaining trunk posture
  • Engaged in various sports, including running and weightlifting

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