Anatomical Terminology Quiz

Anatomical Position: Standard position of the body for reference; standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides, palms facing forward.
Planes of the Body:
- Sagittal Plane: Divides body into left and right parts.
- Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.
- Transverse Plane: Divides body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.
Directional Terms:
- Superior: Above another structure.
- Inferior: Below another structure.
- Anterior (Ventral): Front of the body.
- Posterior (Dorsal): Back of the body.
- Medial: Closer to the midline of the body.
- Lateral: Farther from the midline.
- Proximal: Closer to the point of attachment or origin.
- Distal: Farther from the point of attachment or origin.

Common Abbreviations:
- BP: Blood Pressure
- HR: Heart Rate
- Rx: Prescription
- Dx: Diagnosis
- Tx: Treatment
- Pro: Professional
- NPO: Nothing by mouth (nil per os)
- QID: Four times a day (quater in die)
- PRN: As needed (pro re nata)

Diagnosis: Identification of the nature of an illness or condition.
Differential Diagnosis: The process of distinguishing a particular disease or condition from others that present similar clinical features.
Symptoms vs. Signs:
- Symptoms: Subjective evidence of disease reported by the patient (e.g., pain, fatigue).
- Signs: Objective evidence of disease observed by healthcare providers (e.g., rash, fever).
Etiology: Study of the cause or origin of a disease.
Prognosis: Prediction of the likely outcome of a disease.
Comorbidity: Presence of one or more additional diseases alongside a primary disease.

Anatomical Position: A reference position where the body stands upright, faces forward, arms at sides, and palms facing forward.
Planes of the Body:
- Sagittal Plane: Vertically divides the body into left and right sections.
- Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Vertically divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
- Transverse Plane: Horizontally divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections.
Directional Terms:
- Superior: Refers to a structure that is above another structure.
- Inferior: Indicates a structure that is below another structure.
- Anterior (Ventral): Describes the front side of the body.
- Posterior (Dorsal): Refers to the back side of the body.
- Medial: Closer to the midline of the body.
- Lateral: Further from the midline.
- Proximal: Nearer to the point of attachment or origin of a body part.
- Distal: Further away from the point of attachment or origin.

BP: Blood Pressure; a vital sign indicating the force of blood against arterial walls.
HR: Heart Rate; measures the number of heartbeats per minute.
Rx: Prescription; a directive for medication or treatment by a healthcare provider.
Dx: Diagnosis; identification of a patient's condition.
Tx: Treatment; management and care of a patient.
Pro: Professional; often used in medical contexts to denote qualifications.
NPO: Nothing by mouth; a medical order indicating to withhold oral intake.
QID: Four times a day; frequency of medication or treatment.
PRN: As needed; indicates treatment is to be given only when required.

Diagnosis: The process of identifying the specific nature and cause of a patient's condition.
Differential Diagnosis: Method of distinguishing a specific disease from others that have similar symptoms.
Symptoms vs. Signs:
- Symptoms: Subjective experiences of illness as reported by the patient, such as pain or fatigue.
- Signs: Objective findings observed and measured by healthcare professionals, like a rash or fever.
Etiology: The study of the causative factors or origins of a disease.
Prognosis: Forecast about the likely course and outcome of a disease.
Comorbidity: The presence of simultaneous additional diseases or conditions in a patient alongside a primary disease.