Wrist And hand
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Questions and Answers

What structures bound the anatomical snuffbox?

  • Tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis medially, tendons of flexor carpi radialis & extensor carpi ulnaris laterally
  • Tendon of extensor carpi radialis longus medially, tendons of abductor pollicis longus & flexor pollicis longus laterally
  • Tendon of flexor pollicis longus medially, tendons of abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis laterally
  • Tendon of extensor pollicis longus medially, tendons of abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis laterally (correct)

    • What is the clinical importance of the anatomical snuffbox?

  • Pisiform bone is most easily palpated here and the pulsation of the brachial artery can be felt here
  • Lunate bone is most easily palpated here and the pulsation of the ulnar artery can be felt here
  • Hamate bone is most easily palpated here and the pulsation of the radial artery can be felt here
  • Scaphoid bone is most easily palpated here and the pulsation of the radial artery can be felt here (correct)

    • What is located at the anatomical snuffbox that can be felt?

  • Pulsation of the ulnar artery
  • Pulsation of the radial artery (correct)
  • Pulsation of the median artery
  • Pulsation of the brachial artery

    • Which structure passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum from medial to lateral?

    <p>Ulnar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure passes beneath the flexor retinaculum from medial to lateral?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tendon is located posterior to the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis beneath the flexor retinaculum?

    <p>Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located at the anatomical snuffbox that can be felt?

    <p>Radial artery pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the palmar aponeurosis?

    <p>To give firm attachment to the overlying skin &amp; improve grip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tendon passes beneath the extensor retinaculum from medial to lateral?

    <p>Extensor carpi ulnaris tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the apex of the palmar aponeurosis attached?

    <p>To the distal border of the flexor retinaculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones are the flexor retinaculum attached to?

    <p>Pisiform and hook of hamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the flexor retinaculum convert the concave anterior surface of the hand into?

    <p>Osteofascial tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the flexor retinaculum?

    <p>Holds the long flexor tendons in position at the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure passes through the carpal tunnel in addition to the median nerve?

    <p>Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the median nerve pass in relation to the flexor retinaculum?

    <p>Beneath the flexor retinaculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the muscles of the thumb, except for the adductor pollicis?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is not part of the muscles of the little finger (hypothenar eminence)?

    <p>Adductor digiti minimi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the 1st and 2nd lumbrical muscles?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many interossei muscles are present in the hand?

    <p>8 interossei muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure holds the long extensor tendons in position across the back of the wrist?

    <p>Extensor retinaculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the extensor expansion receive the insertion of, in addition to the corresponding interosseous muscle?

    <p>Lumbrical muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many parts does the extensor expansion split into near the proximal interphalangeal joint?

    <p>3 parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the central part of the extensor expansion inserted?

    <p>Base of the middle phalanx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hand muscles with their matching properties:

    <p>Palmaris brevis = Superficial branch of ulnar nerve Lumbricals (4) = First and second, (i.e., lateral two) median nerve; third and fourth deep branch of ulnar nerve Palmar(4) (PAD) = Origin: First arises from base of first metacarpal; remaining three from anterior surface of shafts of second, fourth, and fifth metacarpals Insertion: Proximal phalanges of thumb and index, ring, and little fingers and dorsal extensor expansion of each finger Deep branch of ulnar nerve Dorsal(4) (DAB) = Origin: Contiguous sides of shafts of metacarpal bones, Insertion: Proximal phalanges of index, middle, and ring fingers and dorsal extensor expansion Deep branch of ulnar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hand muscles with their matching properties:

    <p>Palmaris brevis = Corrugates skin to improve grip of palm Lumbricals (4) = Flex metacarpo-phalan geal joints and extend interphalangeal joints of fingers except thumb Palmar(4) (PAD) = Adduct fingers toward center of third finger Dorsal(4) (DAB) = Abduct fingers from center of third finger; both palmar and dorsal flex metacarpo-phalange al joints and extend interphalangeal joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hand muscles with their matching properties:

    <p>Palmaris brevis = Skin of palm Lumbricals (4) = Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus Extensor expansion of medial four fingers Palmar(4) (PAD) = Proximal phalanges of thumb and index, ring, and little fingers and dorsal extensor expansion Dorsal(4) (DAB) = Proximal phalanges of index, middle, and ring fingers and dorsal extensor expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hand muscles with their matching properties:

    <p>Palmaris brevis = Flexor retinaculum, palmar aponeurosis Lumbricals (4) = Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus Palmar(4) (PAD) = First arises from base of first metacarpal; remaining three from anterior surface of shafts of second, fourth, and fifth metacarpals Dorsal(4) (DAB) = Contiguous sides of shafts of metacarpal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for abducting the fingers from the center of the third finger?

    <p>Dorsal interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the first and second lumbrical muscles?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for adducting the fingers toward the center of the third finger?

    <p>Palmar interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle contributes to improving grip of the palm by corrugating the skin?

    <p>Palmaris brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle contributes to abducting fingers from center of third finger and also flexes metacarpophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints?

    <p>Dorsal interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints of fingers except thumb?

    <p>Lumbricals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • The anatomical snuffbox is a triangular depression on the wrist's lateral side.
    • It is bounded by the tendons of extensor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis longus, and extensor pollicis brevis.
    • The snuffbox is clinically important as the scaphoid bone can be palpated there, and the radial artery's pulsation can be felt.
    • Structures on the anterior aspect of the wrist pass superfically and beneath the flexor retinaculum.
    • Superficial structures include the ulnar nerve, ulnar artery, palmar cutaneous branches of the ulnar and median nerves, and the palmaris longus tendon.
    • Structures beneath the flexor retinaculum include the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus tendons, the median nerve, flexor pollicis longus tendon, and the flexor carpi radialis tendon.
    • Structures on the posterior aspect of the wrist pass superficially and beneath the extensor retinaculum.
    • Superficial structures include the dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve and the basilic and cephalic veins, while structures beneath include the extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digiti minimi, extensor digitorum and extensor indicis tendons, and extensor pollicis longus tendon.
    • The palmar aponeurosis is a thick triangular deep fascia attachment that occupies the central area of the palm.
    • It attaches to the distal border of the flexor retinaculum and receives the palmaris longus tendon's insertion.
    • It divides into four slips at the base of the fingers, protecting and improving grip on the underlying tendons.
    • The flexor retinaculum is a thickening of deep fascia that holds the long flexor tendons in position.
    • It converts the concave anterior surface of the hand into the carpal tunnel and attaches to the pisiform bone, hook of the hamate, scaphoid, and trapezium bones.
    • The median nerve passes beneath the flexor retinaculum and through the carpal tunnel with the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus, providing the nerve supply to the first and second lumbricals.
    • The extensor retinaculum is a thickening of deep fascia that holds the long extensor tendons in position and attaches to the scaphoid and trapezium bones.
    • Muscles of the hand include four lumbrical muscles, eight interossei muscles, muscles of the thumb (thenar muscles), and muscles of the little finger (hypothenar muscles).
    • The muscles of the thumb are supplied by the median nerve, except for the adductor pollicis, which is supplied by the ulnar nerve.
    • Muscles of the little finger are supplied by the ulnar nerve.
    • Muscles origin, insertion, and nerve supply are detailed in the text.
    • The long extensor tendons join the extensor expansion on the posterior surface of each finger.
    • The extensor expansion splits into three parts, and the extensor tendon receives the insertion of the corresponding interosseous muscle and lumbrical muscle.
    • The extensor expansion is also inserted into the base of the middle and distal phalanges.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the anatomical snuffbox with this quiz. Learn about its location, boundaries, and clinical significance, including how it is related to palpating the scaphoid bone and feeling the pulsation of the radial artery.

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