Anatomia del Fossa Poplitea
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Questions and Answers

Quale musculo forma le margine superior medial del fossa poplitea?

  • M.biceps femoris
  • M.semitendinosus (correct)
  • Caput laterale m.gastrocnemii
  • M.flexor digitorum longus

    • Qual es le base del fossa poplitea?

  • Facies poplitea femoris (correct)
  • M.popliteus (correct)
  • Lig.inguinale
  • Capsula articularis art.genus (correct)

    • Quale musculo se conecta posteriormente al fossa poplitea?

  • M.gastrocnemius (correct)
  • M.tibialis anterior
  • M.semitendinosus
  • M.flexor digitorum longus

    • Le fascia iliaca es relacionada con cual musculo?

    <p>M.iliopsoas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo ha duo angulos latere del fossa poplitea?

    <p>M.soleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le origo de M.tensor fasciae latae?

    <p>Spina iliaca anterior superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual musculus ha le function de rotatio externa femoris?

    <p>M.piriformis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le insertio de M.obturator internus?

    <p>Fossa trochanterica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual musculus non contribuye a le abductio femoris?

    <p>M.quadratus femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le origo de M.quadratus femoris?

    <p>Tuber ischiadicum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le function principale de M.gluteus minimus?

    <p>Abductio femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual musculus origina de facies pelvica ossis sacri?

    <p>M.piriformis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le insertio de M.gemellus inferior?

    <p>Fossa trochanterica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo es responsabile pro le flexion del femore?

    <p>M.psoas minor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo es localisate in le compartimento anterior del membri inferioris?

    <p>M.iliopsoas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo ha le insertion in le tuberositas glutea?

    <p>M.gluteus maximus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Le quale musculo es implicate in le flexion del trunci quando le pede es fixate?

    <p>M.psoas major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo ha le origo in le facies dorsalis ossis sacri?

    <p>M.gluteus maximus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo es un rotator extern del femore?

    <p>M.piriformis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Le quali musculos del cingulum membri inferioris contribui al abductio del femore?

    <p>M.gluteus medius e M.tensor fasciae latae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo ha le origo in le fossa iliaca?

    <p>M.iliacus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus ha origo in le facies anterior femoris?

    <p>M.quadriceps femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus non contribui al flexione de femoris?

    <p>M.adductor magnus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus se inserte in le linea pectinea femoris?

    <p>M.pectineus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus non ha rotatio interna como funzione?

    <p>M.adductor brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus ha origo in le ramus superior ossis pubis?

    <p>M.adductor longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus non inserte in le tuberositas tibiae?

    <p>M.pectineus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus contribui al rotatio externa femoris?

    <p>M.adductor brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculus ha le tuberositas tibiae como inserzione?

    <p>M.semitendinosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le origo del extensor hallucis brevis?

    <p>Superficie superior del calcaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo es le funzione del M.adductor hallucis?

    <p>Adductio hallucis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual musculus adducte le digiti minimi?

    <p>M.opponens digiti minimi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo es le principale funzione del M.flexor digitorum brevis?

    <p>Flexio phalangis proximalis et mediae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual musculus enhance le flexio digitorum?

    <p>M.quadratus plantae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo es le principale funzione del M.abductor hallucis?

    <p>Abductio hallucis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual musculus fortifica le arch longitudinal del pede?

    <p>M.flexor hallucis brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le origo del M.flexor digitorum brevis?

    <p>Tuber calcanei e aponeurosis plantaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le origo del M. soleus?

    <p>Caput fibulae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale fonctiones es associate con M. tibialis posterior?

    <p>Flexio pedis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le insertio del M. flexor digitorum longus?

    <p>Phalanx distalis II-V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo es parte del triceps surae?

    <p>M. plantaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo non contribui a le flexio pedis?

    <p>M. extensor digitorum brevis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le funzione del M. flexor hallucis longus?

    <p>Flexio hallucis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale musculo ha como insertio le tuber calcanei?

    <p>M. triceps surae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Muscles of the Lower Extremity

    • The lower limb comprises muscles of the pelvic girdle and muscles of the free lower limb, situated in the thigh and lower leg.
    • Muscles of the pelvic girdle include the iliopsoas and psoas minor, and several gluteal muscles (gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus), as well as the tensor fasciae latae.
    • Muscles of the free lower limb are categorized into anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh, and anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments in the lower leg.
    • Each muscle has specific origins, insertions, and functions.

    Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle

    • M. iliopsoas: Originates from the fossa iliaca and T12-L5, inserting at the trochanter minor. Its function involves flexing, rotating externally, and flexing the trunk (if leg is fixed).
    • M. psoas minor: Originates from Th12-L1, inserting at the eminentia iliopubica. Its function is trunk flexion.
    • M. gluteus maximus: Originates from the gluteal surface, posterior to the gluteal line. Insertion at the gluteal tuberosity and tractus iliotibialis. Its function includes hip extension, external rotation and abduction.
    • M. gluteus medius: Originates from the gluteal surface between superior and inferior gluteal lines. Inserts at the greater trochanter. Its function is hip abduction, internal and external rotation.
    • M. gluteus minimus: Originates from the gluteal surface between inferior and anterior gluteal lines. Inserts into the greater trochanter. Its functions include hip abduction, internal and external rotation.
    • M. tensor fasciae latae: Originates from the anterior superior iliac spine, inserting into the tractus iliotibialis. Its functions include hip flexion, hip abduction, and knee flexion.
    • M. piriformis: Origin: pelvic surface of the sacrum, laterally from the sacral foramina 2-4. Insertion: greater trochanter. Functions:Abduction, external rotation of the hip.
    • M. obturator internus: Origin: inner surface of the obturator membrane. Insertion: fossa trochanterica. Function: rotates thigh externally.
    • M. obturator externus: Origin: lateral surface of the obturator membrane. Insertion: fossa trochanterica. Function: external rotation of the thigh.
    • M. gemellus superior: Origin: ischial spine. Insertion: greater trochanter. Function: rotates thigh externally.
    • M. gemellus inferior: Origin: ischial tuberosity. Insertion: greater trochanter. Function: external hip rotation.
    • M. quadratus femoris: Origin: ischial tuberosity. Insertion: intertrochanteric crest. Function: externally rotates and adducts thigh.

    Muscles of the Thigh

    • Anterior compartment:

    • M. quadriceps femoris: (rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius): Origin varies for each part. Function: extend knee

    • M. sartorius: Origin: anterior superior iliac spine. Insertion: tuberositas tibiae. Function: hip flexion, knee flexion, external and internal rotation of the knee

    • Medial compartment:

    • M. pectineus: Origin: pubic ramus. Insertion: linea pectinea femoris. Function: Hip flexion, adduction, external rotation.

    • M. adductor brevis: Origin: inferior pubic ramus. Insertion: medial lip of the linea aspera. Function: hip adduction, flexion, and external rotation.

    • M. adductor longus: Origin: superior pubic ramus. Insertion: medial lip of the linea aspera (mid-portion). Function: adduction, flexion, and external rotation of thigh.

    • M. adductor magnus: Origin: inferior pubic ramus, ramus of the ischium, tuber ischiadicum. Insertion: medial lip of linea aspera, adductor tubercle, and epicondylus medialis femoris. Function: Adduction, flexion, and external and internal rotation of thigh depending on fibers used.

    • M. gracilis: Origin: inferior pubic ramus. Insertion: tuberositas tibiae. Function: Adduction, flexion, internal rotation of thigh.

    • Posterior compartment:

    • M. semitendinosus: Origin: ischial tuberosity. Insertion: tuberositas tibiae. Function: hip extension, knee flexion, internal rotation of the knee.

    • M. semimembranosus: Origin: ischial tuberosity. Insertion: medial condyle of the tibia. Function: hip extension, knee flexion, internal rotation of the knee.

    • M. biceps femoris: (long head & short head): Origin varies. Insertion: head of fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia. Function: hip extension, knee flexion, external rotation of the knee

    Muscles of the Lower Leg

    • Anterior compartment:

    • M. tibialis anterior: Origin: lateral condyle of tibia. Insertion: 1st metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform. Function: dorsiflexion and adduction of the foot.

    • M. extensor digitorum longus: Origin: lateral condyle of tibia and fibula. Insertion: distal phalanges of toes 2-5. Function: extension of toes, dorsiflexion of the foot.

    • M. extensor hallucis longus: Origin: anterior surface of the proximal fibula. Insertion: distal phalanx of the great toe. Function: extension of the great toe; dorsiflexion, and abduction of the foot

    • Lateral compartment:

    • M. fibularis longus: Origin: proximal lateral fibula. Insertion: 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform. Function: plantar flexion, abduction, and eversion of the foot.

    • M. fibularis brevis: Origin: proximal lateral fibula. Insertion: 5th metatarsal. Function: plantar flexion and eversion of the foot.

    • Posterior compartment:

    • M. triceps surae: (Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris): Origin varies. Insertion: calcaneal tuberosity. Function: plantarflexion.

    • M. plantaris: Origin: lateral condyle of femur. Insertion: calcaneal tuberosity. Function: plantar flexion of the foot and flexes the knee.

    • M. popliteus: Origin: lateral condyle of femur. Insertion: posterior surface of the tibia above the soleus line. Function: knee flexion, internal rotation of the knee.

    • M. tibialis posterior: Origin: posterior tibia & fibula. Insertion: navicular & cuneiform bones. Function: plantarflexion, inversion, and adduction.

    • M. flexor digitorum longus: Origin: posterior surface of the tibia. Insertion: distal phalanges of toes 2-5. Function: flexes toes, plantarflexion of the foot.

    • M. flexor hallucis longus: Origin: lateral surface of fibula. Insertion: distal phalanx of great toe. Function: flexes great toe, plantarflexion of the foot.

    Foot Muscles

    • Dorsal surface: Extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis brevis, abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis.
    • Little toe muscles: Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi. These muscles function to move the toes and provide support to the foot's arches.

    Topography of the Lower Limb

    • Canalis obturatorius: A passage in the pelvis, between the muscles of the medial thigh.
    • Lacuna musculorum: Space between the inguinal ligament and the hip bone, containing muscles.
    • Lacuna vasorum: Space between the ligament and hip bone, containing blood vessels.
    • Canalis femoralis: Canals made up of 3 walls and 2 openings containing various vessels.
    • Trigonum femorale: Triangular depression in the anterior thigh, containing vessels.
    • Canalis adductorius: A passage beneath the adductor muscles, leading to the popliteal fossa.
    • Fossa poplitea: A depression behind the knee joint, containing various vessels, nerves and muscles.

    Fasciae of the Lower Limb & Pelvic Girdle

    • Fascia iliaca: Covers and extends into the pelvic bones, encompassing the iliopsoas.

    • Fascia glutea: Encloses gluteal muscles.

    • Fascia lata: Encloses thigh muscles, with intermuscular septa and retinacula.

    • Fascia cruris: Wraps around leg muscles (anterior, lateral, and posterior).

    • Fascia dorsalis pedis: Encloses foot extensor muscles.

    • Fascia plantaris pedis: Encloses muscles on the plantar surface, with a thickened aponeurosis.

    • Retinacula: Bands of fascia that stabilize tendons. Retinacula are found both superiorly and inferiorly on the ankle, and in relation to other joints in the lower limb.

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    Description

    Questo quiz verifica la tua conoscenza della anatomia del fossa poplitea e dei muscoli circostanti. Sarai interrogato su origini, inserzioni e funzioni dei muscoli coinvolti. Sii preparato a rispondere a domande specifiche sui muscoli e la loro relazione con l'anatomia del ginocchio.

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