Analyzing and Formulating Rational Arguments Quiz
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Questions and Answers

A deductive argument can be described as:

  • Moving from general to specific (correct)
  • Starting with specific observations
  • Having weak and strong versions
  • Going from specific to general

Which of the following best describes overgenerality?

  • Presenting too much information making it less useful (correct)
  • Providing excessive information for clarity
  • Providing just enough information for understanding
  • Offering limited information for precision

What characterizes an argument as weak in terms of induction?

  • Utilizing specific observations to reach a general conclusion
  • Being logically consistent throughout
  • Failing to provide strong support for the conclusion (correct)
  • Drawing a conclusion based on general principles

In the context of ambiguity, a word or expression is considered ambiguous when:

<p>Several meanings exist without clear context to determine the intended one (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a claim be classified as 'objective'?

<p>If it can be true irrespective of opinions or feelings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of definition is used when the arguer attempts to further describe a 'vague' word or phrase by adding examples or illustrations?

<p>Precising definition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves creating a new word or phrase to describe a concept, or using an existing term in a new way?

<p>Stipulative definition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of definition does the arguer aim to persuade the listener to agree with their viewpoint through emotional appeals or slanted terms?

<p>Persuasive definition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves the use of authorities believed to offer a more accurate evaluation of evidence than the arguer themselves?

<p>Reference to Authority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is SCAMPER based on in problem-solving?

<p>Understanding everything new as a modification of something existing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fallacy is committed when an arguer implies that because event A happened before event B, A caused B?

<p>Post Hoc fallacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which fallacy are negative consequences presented as automatic outcomes of a particular action or belief?

<p>Slippery slope fallacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of generalization lacks sufficient instances to base its conclusion on?

<p>Hasty generalisation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fallacy is committed when the arguer poses a false either/or choice?

<p>False dilemma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would a conclusion be drawn that significantly exceeds the evidence offered?

<p>Sweeping generalisation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fallacy occurs when an arguer compares two incomparable things in relevant aspects?

<p>False Analogy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fallacy is committed when the arguer treats lack of evidence as a reason to think that a claim is true or false?

<p>Ad populum Appeal to ignorance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Ad populum appeal to pity attempt to evoke in the other person?

<p>Sympathy or pity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ad hominem attack focuses on attacking the other person's 'credibility'?

<p>Ad Hominem - Circumstantial (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an inappropriate appeal to authority, what is the arguer attempting to do?

<p>Make the listener agree through emotional appeals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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