Analyzing and Formulating Rational Arguments Quiz
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Questions and Answers

A deductive argument can be described as:

  • Moving from general to specific (correct)
  • Starting with specific observations
  • Having weak and strong versions
  • Going from specific to general
  • Which of the following best describes overgenerality?

  • Presenting too much information making it less useful (correct)
  • Providing excessive information for clarity
  • Providing just enough information for understanding
  • Offering limited information for precision
  • What characterizes an argument as weak in terms of induction?

  • Utilizing specific observations to reach a general conclusion
  • Being logically consistent throughout
  • Failing to provide strong support for the conclusion (correct)
  • Drawing a conclusion based on general principles
  • In the context of ambiguity, a word or expression is considered ambiguous when:

    <p>Several meanings exist without clear context to determine the intended one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a claim be classified as 'objective'?

    <p>If it can be true irrespective of opinions or feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of definition is used when the arguer attempts to further describe a 'vague' word or phrase by adding examples or illustrations?

    <p>Precising definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique involves creating a new word or phrase to describe a concept, or using an existing term in a new way?

    <p>Stipulative definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of definition does the arguer aim to persuade the listener to agree with their viewpoint through emotional appeals or slanted terms?

    <p>Persuasive definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique involves the use of authorities believed to offer a more accurate evaluation of evidence than the arguer themselves?

    <p>Reference to Authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is SCAMPER based on in problem-solving?

    <p>Understanding everything new as a modification of something existing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fallacy is committed when an arguer implies that because event A happened before event B, A caused B?

    <p>Post Hoc fallacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which fallacy are negative consequences presented as automatic outcomes of a particular action or belief?

    <p>Slippery slope fallacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of generalization lacks sufficient instances to base its conclusion on?

    <p>Hasty generalisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fallacy is committed when the arguer poses a false either/or choice?

    <p>False dilemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would a conclusion be drawn that significantly exceeds the evidence offered?

    <p>Sweeping generalisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fallacy occurs when an arguer compares two incomparable things in relevant aspects?

    <p>False Analogy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fallacy is committed when the arguer treats lack of evidence as a reason to think that a claim is true or false?

    <p>Ad populum Appeal to ignorance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Ad populum appeal to pity attempt to evoke in the other person?

    <p>Sympathy or pity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ad hominem attack focuses on attacking the other person's 'credibility'?

    <p>Ad Hominem - Circumstantial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an inappropriate appeal to authority, what is the arguer attempting to do?

    <p>Make the listener agree through emotional appeals</p> Signup and view all the answers

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