Analytical Skills: Number Systems and Reasoning

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of the relationship between simple and compound interest?

  • Simple interest is calculated on the principal amount, while compound interest is calculated on the principal plus accumulated interest. (correct)
  • Simple interest is always higher than compound interest over long periods.
  • Simple and compound interest yield the same returns regardless of the time period.
  • Compound interest is calculated on the principal amount, while simple interest is calculated on the principal plus accumulated interest.

A store marks up a product by 25% above its cost price. To attract customers, they offer a 10% discount on the marked price. What is the store's actual profit percentage?

  • 17.5%
  • 15%
  • 12.5% (correct)
  • 20%

Which of the following methods is MOST suitable for quickly estimating the answer to a complex calculation involving multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction?

  • Using a calculator for precise calculations.
  • Applying the BODMAS rule strictly.
  • Memorizing multiplication tables up to 20.
  • Using the digit sum method. (correct)

Consider the series: ACE, GIK, MOQ, ____. What is the next logical element in this series?

<p>SUW (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person walks 5 kilometers East, then turns South and walks another 5 kilometers, then turns West and walks 10 kilometers. Finally, they turn North and walk 5 kilometers. How far and in which direction are they now from their starting point?

<p>5 kilometers West (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a certain code, 'SYSTEM' is coded as '1316201316'. How would you code 'PROBLEM' in the same way?

<p>1216150213 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A table shows the sales data of three products (A, B, C) over four quarters. Data Sufficiency questions ask whether the provided data is sufficient to determine which product had the highest average quarterly sales. Which additional piece of information would MOST help in reaching a conclusion?

<p>The number of units sold for each product. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If John is older than Mary, and Mary is older than Peter, which of the following statements MUST be true?

<p>John is older than Peter. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A sum of money is divided between A and B in the ratio of 3:5. If A's share is $1500, what is the total amount of money divided?

<p>$4000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a family, there are two couples. E has two children, one of whom is F, who is the son of A. C is the paternal grandmother of F. B is the mother of E. How is A related to E?

<p>Husband (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is BODMAS?

A rule dictating the order of operations in mathematical expressions: Parentheses, Orders (exponents), Division and Multiplication, Addition and Subtraction.

What is the Highest Common Factor (HCF)?

Finding the highest number that divides evenly into two or more numbers.

What is the Least Common Multiple (LCM)?

Finding the smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers.

What is Approximation?

Values that are close to the exact answer, simplify calculations, and speed up problem-solving.

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What is a Ratio?

A comparison of two quantities, often expressed as a fraction or using a colon.

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What is Proportion?

States that two ratios are equal. It can be used to solve for unknown values.

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What is Profit?

The original price of an item is increased by a percentage, resulting in a profit.

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What is Loss?

The original price of an item is decreased by a percentage, resulting in a loss.

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What is Series Completion?

Predicting the next term or pattern in a sequence of numbers, letters, or images.

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What is Coding-Decoding?

Transforming information into a coded format and vice versa, often using number or symbol substitutions.

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Study Notes

  • The course "Analytical Skills" aims to equip students with the ability to solve problems using number systems and mathematical operations.
  • Students should be able to select appropriate methods for solving problems related to percentage and profit/loss.
  • Students will learn logical reasoning techniques for series completion, coding-decoding, and analogy.
  • Analytical skills will be used to calculate simple and compound interest.
  • Analyze presented data to solve problems within a set time frame.
  • Students will be able to solve logical reasoning problems involving direction sense and blood relations.

Unit I

  • Approximation and Simplification: Includes BODMAS, problems based on digit sum, and percentage-based approximations.
  • Number System: Considers divisibility rules, multiplicity, squaring, HCF and LCM, and number types.
  • Average: Includes average of numbers, arithmetic mean, real-life examples, and application-based questions.

Unit II

  • Percentage: This involves concepts, comparison-based questions, and application-based questions.
  • Profit and Loss: Covers formulas, profit/loss detection, cost/selling prices, and profit/loss percentage calculations.

Unit III

  • Series Completion: Includes alphabet, alphanumeric, and number series.
  • Analogy and Classification: Involves word, sentence, and number analogies, with word/number/alphabet pair and word classifications.
  • Coding-Decoding: Deciphering word codes, number/symbol codes, letter coding, and direct letter coding.
  • Alphabet Test: Covers alphabetical order, letter-word problems, and word formation.

Unit IV

  • Ratio and Proportion: Involves basic concepts, age problems, partnership problems, and profit sharing.
  • Simple Interest: Covers concepts, formulas, and application-based questions.
  • Compound Interest: Includes concepts, formulas, and differences between simple and compound interest.

Unit V

  • Data Sufficiency: Includes reasoning-based and mathematical data sufficiency.
  • Data Interpretation: Focuses on table charts, bar graphs, pie charts, line graphs, and data interpretation basics.

Unit VI

  • Number, Ranking, and Time Sequence Test: Includes number tests, ranking tests, and time sequence tests.
  • Direction Sense Test: Includes direction puzzles.
  • Blood Relations: Includes relation-based puzzles and coded relations.

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