Analytical Chemistry Lecture 2
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Questions and Answers

Which branch of chemistry applies physics to the study of chemistry?

  • Physical chemistry (correct)
  • Organic chemistry
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Biochemistry

    • What is the study of chemical processes that occur inside of living organisms?

  • Biochemistry (correct)
  • Physical chemistry
  • Organic chemistry
  • Analytical chemistry

    • What type of analysis deals with the identification of elements, ions, or compounds present in a sample?

  • Volumetric analysis
  • Gravimetric analysis
  • Quantitative analysis
  • Qualitative analysis (correct)

    • What type of analysis deals with the determination of how much of one or more constituents is present?

    <p>Quantitative analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of instrumental analysis?

    <p>Mass spectrometry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of analysis involves the selective separation of the analyte by precipitation?

    <p>Gravimetric analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process in which the analyte reacts with a measured volume of reagent of known concentration?

    <p>Titrimetric analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of chemical processes that occur inside of living organisms also related to?

    <p>Molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of analytical chemistry in biology?

    <p>To study living materials and food processing processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of analytical chemistry in industry?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

    <p>Solute is active and solvent is active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an aqueous solution?

    <p>A solution in which water is the solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can solutions be classified based on the nature of molecules?

    <p>Based on the volume of atoms or molecules of solute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a heterogeneous solution?

    <p>A solution that represents suspended and colloidal solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a supersaturated solution?

    <p>A solution that contains more solute than it can hold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of analytical chemistry in determining the shelf life of drugs?

    <p>It is very important in determining the shelf life of drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Analytical Chemistry?

    <p>The separation, identification, and quantification of matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of Organic Chemistry?

    <p>The study of the chemistry of life and reactions occurring in living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a branch of Chemistry?

    <p>Physical Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern of Inorganic Chemistry?

    <p>The study of compounds not containing a C-H bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the second lecture of Analytical Chemistry?

    <p>Molecular Weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Analytical Chemists?

    <p>To develop standards, chemical methods, and instrumental methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a topic of interest to Inorganic Chemists?

    <p>Polymers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Analytical Chemistry involve?

    <p>The use of classical methods along with modern methods involving scientific instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic mass of iron?

    <p>55.85</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular weight of Fe(OH)3.12H2O?

    <p>322.58 g/mol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic mass of carbon?

    <p>12.01</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular weight of hexane (C6H14)?

    <p>86.20 g/mol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic mass of hydrogen?

    <p>1.01</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula of the compound with molecular weight 322.58 g/mol?

    <p>Fe(OH)3.12H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic mass of oxygen?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of weight of solute expressed in?

    <p>physical units and chemical units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of mole?

    <p>the summation of the atomic weight in grams for all of the atoms in the chemical formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a true solution?

    <p>particles of solute are less than 1 nm and cannot be filtered through filter paper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of solution is milk an example of?

    <p>colloidal solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of molecular weight?

    <p>gram per mole (g/mol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between molecular weight and molar mass?

    <p>molecular weight is the mass of a single particle, while molar mass is the average of many particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the molecular weight of a substance calculated?

    <p>from the atomic masses of each nuclide present in the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a suspension solution?

    <p>Amoxcycilline Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Analytical Chemistry

    • Analytical chemistry involves the separation, identification, and quantification of matter.
    • It involves the use of classical methods along with modern methods involving the use of scientific instruments.

    Branches of Chemistry

    • Organic Chemistry: the study of carbon and its compounds, including the study of life and reactions in living organisms.
    • Inorganic Chemistry: the study of compounds not covered by organic chemistry, including inorganic compounds, metals, and minerals.
    • Analytical Chemistry: the study of the chemistry of matter and the development of tools to measure properties of matter.
    • Physical Chemistry: the branch of chemistry that applies physics to the study of chemistry.
    • Biochemistry: the study of chemical processes that occur inside living organisms.

    Analytical Chemistry Consists Of

    • Qualitative analysis: deals with the identification of elements, ions, or compounds present in a sample.
    • Quantitative analysis: deals with the determination of the amount of one or more constituents present in a sample.
    • Three branches of quantitative analysis:
      • Volumetric analysis (Titrimetric analysis): involves the reaction of the analyte with a measured volume of reagent of known concentration.
      • Gravimetric analysis: involves the selective separation of the analyte by precipitation, followed by the measurement of mass.
      • Instrumental analysis: involves the measurement of a physical property of the sample, such as electrical property or absorption of electromagnetic radiation.

    Importance of Analytical Chemistry

    • Analytical chemistry plays an important role in many sciences, including biology, medicine, and industry.
    • It is used to study living materials, food processing, and diagnosis of diseases.
    • It is essential in industrial production to ensure the quality of raw materials, products, and processes.

    Applications of Analytical Chemistry

    • Determining the shelf life of drugs.
    • Testing soil for the presence of minerals and nutrients necessary for plant growth.
    • Classifying human blood samples.

    Solutions

    • A homogenous mixture of two or more substances, where one is the solute and the other is the solvent.
    • Classification of solutions:
      • Based on the nature of molecules: true solution, suspended solution, and colloidal solution.
      • Based on solute concentration: saturated solution, unsaturated solution, and super saturated solution.
    • Units of weight and concentration:
      • Physical units: gram, milligram, kilogram.
      • Chemical units: atomic weight, molecular weight, formula weight, ionic weight, equivalent weight.

    Molecular Weight

    • Defined as the mass of a given substance divided by the amount of substance, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).
    • Calculated from the atomic masses of each nuclide present in the molecule.
    • Example calculations: Fe(OH)3.12H2O, hexane (C6H14), and other molecules.

    Classification of Solutions Based on Solute Particle Size

    • True solution: a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which the substance has a particle size less than 1 nm dissolved in the solvent.
    • Suspension solution: a heterogeneous mixture which settles on standing and its components can be separated by filtration.
    • Colloidal solution: a homogeneous mixture which does not settle nor are its components filterable, with solute particles visible with an electron microscope.

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    Description

    Introduction to analytical chemistry, including molecular weight and separation, identification, and quantification of substances.

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