Analytical Chemistry Lab 2: Calculating Molarity
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of a solute?

  • The liquid mixture in which the minor component is uniformly distributed within the major component
  • The substance which dissolves another to form a solution
  • The substance which dissolves in a solution (correct)
  • The point that contains the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved

    • What does molarity (M) mean?

  • The substance which dissolves another to form a solution
  • The substance which dissolves in a solution
  • The number of moles of solute per liter of solution (correct)
  • The point that contains the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved

    • What is the maximum amount of solute that a solution can contain known as?

  • Normality
  • Saturation (correct)
  • Molarity
  • Percentage

    • How is the preparation of a 1 Molar (M) solution characterized?

    <p>Dilute to the mark and invert the flask several times to mix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit expression represents concentration based on moles of solute per liter of solution?

    <p>Molarity (M)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major component in a solution known as?

    <p>Solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mass percent mean?

    <p>The number of grams of solute per 100 g of solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is volume percent defined?

    <p>The number of milliliters of solute per 100 mL of solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does normality (N) measure in a solution?

    <p>The number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you calculate the weight of NaCl to prepare a 0.5 M solution?

    <p>$M = M * V(L) * M.mass$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In acid-base chemistry, what is an equivalent?

    <p>The mass of chemical that donates or accepts one mole of protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 10% NaOH (% w/w) mean?

    <p>$\frac {D * \text{percentage} * 1000}{M.mass}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What apparatus is used to measure the amount of NaCl in part B?

    <p>50 ml beaker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you convert the density to concentration for 10% NaOH?

    <p>$\frac {D * \text{percentage} * 1000}{M.mass}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an equivalent measure in redox chemistry?

    <p>$M = nsolute * V(L)soln$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mass percent equal to?

    <p>mass percent=massof solute/massof solution*100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Molarity is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The substance that dissolves another to form a solution is called the solute.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Saturation is the point that contains the maximum amount of solute capable of being dissolved.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Molarity can be calculated using the formula M = mass/Molar mass.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Normality is one of the types of concentration measurements.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Percentage is not a type of concentration measurement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mass percent means the number of grams of solute per 100 g of solution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Volume percent means the number of milliliters of solute per 100 mL of solution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Normality (N) measures the number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An equivalent in acid-base chemistry is the mass of chemical that donates or accepts one mole of protons.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An equivalent in redox chemistry is the mass of chemical that donates or accepts one mole of electrons.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The weight of NaCl for a 0.5 M solution can be calculated using the molarity formula.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concentration of 10% NaOH in molarity can be calculated using its density and percentage.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mass percent equals the weight of solute divided by the weight of solution multiplied by 100%.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Volume percent is defined as the volume of solute divided by the volume of solution multiplied by 100%.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To prepare a 0.3 M solution from 10% NaOH (% w/w), the density of NaOH is given as 1.1111 g/ml.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Definitions and Key Concepts

    • A solute is a substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution.
    • Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
    • The maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solution is called saturation.
    • A 1 Molar (M) solution is characterized by containing 1 mole of solute in 1 liter of solution.

    Concentration Measurements

    • Concentration can be expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution, known as molarity.
    • The major component in a solution is referred to as the solvent.
    • Mass percent indicates the number of grams of solute in 100 grams of the solution.
    • Volume percent is defined as the number of milliliters of solute in 100 milliliters of the solution.
    • Normality (N) measures the number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution.

    Calculations and Conversions

    • To find the weight of NaCl for a 0.5 M solution, use the molarity formula: M = mass / molar mass.
    • The concentration of 10% NaOH can be converted to molarity using its density and percentage.
    • Mass percent is calculated by dividing the weight of solute by the weight of solution and multiplying by 100%.

    Chemical Equivalence

    • In acid-base chemistry, an equivalent refers to the mass of chemical capable of donating or accepting one mole of protons.
    • In redox chemistry, an equivalent measures the mass of a substance that donates or accepts one mole of electrons.

    Measurement Apparatus

    • An appropriate apparatus for measuring the amount of NaCl often includes a balance for weighing and volumetric flasks for solution preparation.

    Additional Notes

    • To prepare a 0.3 M solution from 10% NaOH (% w/w), the density of NaOH (1.1111 g/mL) is essential for calculations.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the concepts of calculating molarity from % solution and using new concepts of units for expressing concentration. It also helps in determining the calculations to use and how to prepare solutions.

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