30 Questions
Which part of the adrenal gland is of mesodermal origin?
Cortex
Which hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?
Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids, Androgens
Which part of the adrenal gland is of neural crest origin?
Medulla
Which hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?
Catecholamines
Which of the following accurately describes the site of synthesis for cortisol?
Adrenal cortex
What is the influence of stress on cortisol secretion?
Stress increases cortisol secretion
How would you investigate a subject suspected of having Addison's disease?
Synacthen stimulation test
What are some of the metabolic manifestations of Cushing's disease?
Hyperglycemia and weight gain
Which of the following is a cause of hypercortisolism?
Long term therapy with glucocorticoids
Which of the following is a manifestation of primary Addison's disease?
Hyperpigmentation
What is the purpose of the Synacthen stimulation test?
To test responsiveness of adrenal glands to stimulation
What is the normal result of the Synacthen stimulation test?
Plasma cortisol increases by 200 nmol/L
Which of the following is a reference interval for salivary cortisol in adults in the afternoon?
< 9.9 nmol/L
What is the reference interval for salivary cortisol in neonatal babies in the morning?
< 94.3 nmol/L
Which of the following is a possible cause of Cushing's disease?
Pituitary secretion
What is the recommended storage temperature for saliva samples for cortisol measurement?
-20C
Which of the following is true about the measurement of ACTH Circadian rhythm?
It requires immediate centrifugation at 4°C and then freezing.
What is the most common form of steroid hormone found in plasma?
Bound to Albumin
How do unbound (free) steroid hormones enter cells?
They diffuse across cell membranes.
What is the role of heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90) in the complex with unoccupied receptors?
Prevent binding of unoccupied receptors to DNA.
Which of the following is a test used to determine the cause of hypercortisolism in Cushing's syndrome?
Dexamethasone suppression test
What is the normal result for a low dose overnight dexamethasone suppression test?
Suppression to <190 nmol/L
Which of the following is NOT a manifestation of Cushing's syndrome?
Hypothyroidism
What is the primary cause of hypercortisolism in Cushing's syndrome?
Excessive production of cortisol by the adrenals
Which process decreases the synthesis/release of hormones?
Steroid Hormone Inactivation/Excretion
Where does metabolism to water soluble forms of steroids mostly occur?
Liver
What does the binding of the glucocorticoid receptor complex inhibit?
Activation of gene transcription by NFkB
What is the primary organ responsible for excreting water soluble forms of steroids?
Kidney
What is the process that removes/inactivates hormones?
Steroid Hormone Inactivation & Excretion
What is the role of NFkB in gene transcription of the IL6 gene?
Activates gene transcription
This quiz covers various topics including solid phases/chemistries, the use of a light source in analysis, mass spectrometry as a technique, the automation of sample processing, the evolving field of measurement of ACTH Circadian rhythm, proper sampling techniques and factors affecting sample stability. Test your knowledge on these subjects!
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