Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a primary motivation behind Aspirational Labour?
What is a primary motivation behind Aspirational Labour?
- To get paid for pursuing one's passion (correct)
- To become famous without effort
- To earn a stable salary from traditional employment
- To gain high social media following
Which of the following best describes the concept of influencer creep?
Which of the following best describes the concept of influencer creep?
- The inclusion of promotional practices in traditional jobs (correct)
- The rise of professional influencers in the workforce
- The marketing strategies of big tech companies
- The decline of authenticity in personal branding
How do platforms like Spotify affect artists in terms of self branding?
How do platforms like Spotify affect artists in terms of self branding?
- They promote artists without requiring self branding
- They require artists to engage in more labor for less compensation (correct)
- They simplify the process of self branding
- They eliminate the need for self branding completely
What underlying question does self branding raise about authenticity?
What underlying question does self branding raise about authenticity?
What is meant by visibility labour in the context of self branding?
What is meant by visibility labour in the context of self branding?
What does the term 'contrived authenticity' refer to?
What does the term 'contrived authenticity' refer to?
Which statement best captures the significance of self branding in today's digital age?
Which statement best captures the significance of self branding in today's digital age?
In the context of self branding, what does packaging oneself involve?
In the context of self branding, what does packaging oneself involve?
How do digital platforms contribute to the spread of memes in culture?
How do digital platforms contribute to the spread of memes in culture?
What is meant by 'visibility labor' in the context of memes?
What is meant by 'visibility labor' in the context of memes?
What is meant by the term 'predatory inclusion' in the context of socio-technical systems?
What is meant by the term 'predatory inclusion' in the context of socio-technical systems?
What aspect of memes has become more 'embodied' according to recent trends?
What aspect of memes has become more 'embodied' according to recent trends?
What is a key element of the future direction of memes?
What is a key element of the future direction of memes?
Which category is considered the 'unmarked user' in socio-technical systems?
Which category is considered the 'unmarked user' in socio-technical systems?
How does AI typically classify individuals according to the socio-technical systems discussed?
How does AI typically classify individuals according to the socio-technical systems discussed?
What role does 'weaponised irony' play in the context of memes?
What role does 'weaponised irony' play in the context of memes?
How do recommendation algorithms impact the lifespan of memes?
How do recommendation algorithms impact the lifespan of memes?
What effect does technological redlining have on marginalized communities?
What effect does technological redlining have on marginalized communities?
What is a defining feature of 'meme marketing' by companies?
What is a defining feature of 'meme marketing' by companies?
What is the significance of 'the coded gaze' in socio-technical systems?
What is the significance of 'the coded gaze' in socio-technical systems?
In the context of AI and discrimination, which factor is considered a traditional system of power?
In the context of AI and discrimination, which factor is considered a traditional system of power?
What does the term 'post-based vitality' refer to in the context of memes?
What does the term 'post-based vitality' refer to in the context of memes?
What is one reason NTechLab staff resisted the use of their face recognition technology?
What is one reason NTechLab staff resisted the use of their face recognition technology?
What does AI utilize to transform human-defined objectives into outputs?
What does AI utilize to transform human-defined objectives into outputs?
According to the content, how do most employees at NTechLab view their technology?
According to the content, how do most employees at NTechLab view their technology?
Which of the following statements best describes the way AI systems affect categorised individuals?
Which of the following statements best describes the way AI systems affect categorised individuals?
What is the role of reinforcement learning in post-training alignment mentioned in the content?
What is the role of reinforcement learning in post-training alignment mentioned in the content?
What does the term 'algorithmic imaginary' refer to in the context provided?
What does the term 'algorithmic imaginary' refer to in the context provided?
How are algorithms perceived in relation to digital culture?
How are algorithms perceived in relation to digital culture?
What mindset is suggested to be associated with the advancement of technology, according to the given content?
What mindset is suggested to be associated with the advancement of technology, according to the given content?
What is implied about algorithms in their relationship with public discourse?
What is implied about algorithms in their relationship with public discourse?
What does the term 'utopia' refer to in the context of digital media?
What does the term 'utopia' refer to in the context of digital media?
Which of the following accurately captures the sentiment towards face recognition technology as expressed by a former employee of NTechLab?
Which of the following accurately captures the sentiment towards face recognition technology as expressed by a former employee of NTechLab?
What aspect of Tumblr does Cavalcante argue contributes to its identity as a queer utopia?
What aspect of Tumblr does Cavalcante argue contributes to its identity as a queer utopia?
Why does Yochai Benkler believe we need common-based peer production?
Why does Yochai Benkler believe we need common-based peer production?
What concern does Ruha Benjamin raise regarding space travel projects by Musk and Bezos?
What concern does Ruha Benjamin raise regarding space travel projects by Musk and Bezos?
What is a key difference between positive utopia (eutopia) and negative utopia (dystopia)?
What is a key difference between positive utopia (eutopia) and negative utopia (dystopia)?
What concept plays a significant role in both Benkler's and Cavalcante's descriptions of digital utopia?
What concept plays a significant role in both Benkler's and Cavalcante's descriptions of digital utopia?
How is Wikipedia defined according to Yochai Benkler?
How is Wikipedia defined according to Yochai Benkler?
What is the core desire expressed in the concept of utopia?
What is the core desire expressed in the concept of utopia?
What is the significance of hashtags like #Jan25 and #BlackLivesMatter in the context of social media activism?
What is the significance of hashtags like #Jan25 and #BlackLivesMatter in the context of social media activism?
In what way does connective action differ from traditional forms of protest?
In what way does connective action differ from traditional forms of protest?
What role do motivational captions play in social media activism, particularly on platforms like TikTok?
What role do motivational captions play in social media activism, particularly on platforms like TikTok?
The term 'TikTok intifada' refers to what phenomenon?
The term 'TikTok intifada' refers to what phenomenon?
What is meant by the term 'affordances' in the context of communication and media studies?
What is meant by the term 'affordances' in the context of communication and media studies?
What was one impact of the #HometoBilo campaign in Australia?
What was one impact of the #HometoBilo campaign in Australia?
How do social media platforms provide visibility for protest movements according to the content?
How do social media platforms provide visibility for protest movements according to the content?
What distinguishes connective collective action from merely sharing posts on social media?
What distinguishes connective collective action from merely sharing posts on social media?
Flashcards
Connective Collective Action
Connective Collective Action
The phenomenon of people connecting and acting collectively online using hashtags and social media platforms to address a certain issue.
Virtuality
Virtuality
When online platforms allow people to organize and participate in public matters, forming networked societies.
Self-branding work
Self-branding work
The relentless work required to build and maintain a digital presence, often done for little to no compensation, especially within creative industries.
Call to Action
Call to Action
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Hashtag Advocacy
Hashtag Advocacy
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Aspirational Labour
Aspirational Labour
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Influencer Creep
Influencer Creep
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TikTok Intifada
TikTok Intifada
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Self-Branding
Self-Branding
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Affordances
Affordances
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Increasing Visibility
Increasing Visibility
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Digital Self-Optimization
Digital Self-Optimization
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Celebrity Affiliation
Celebrity Affiliation
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Contrived Authenticity
Contrived Authenticity
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Authenticity vs. Selling Out
Authenticity vs. Selling Out
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Visibility Labor
Visibility Labor
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How do platforms influence memes?
How do platforms influence memes?
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What does 'embodied' mean in the context of memes?
What does 'embodied' mean in the context of memes?
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Why are 'embodied' memes more viral?
Why are 'embodied' memes more viral?
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What role does the recommendation algorithm play in meme virality?
What role does the recommendation algorithm play in meme virality?
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What are the characteristics of TikTok memes?
What are the characteristics of TikTok memes?
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What is 'meme marketing'?
What is 'meme marketing'?
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Why do companies use meme marketing?
Why do companies use meme marketing?
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What makes meme marketing successful?
What makes meme marketing successful?
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Coded Gaze
Coded Gaze
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Unmarked User
Unmarked User
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Predatory Inclusion
Predatory Inclusion
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AI Datafication of Humans
AI Datafication of Humans
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Technology is Not Neutral
Technology is Not Neutral
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Utopia
Utopia
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Positive Utopia (Eutopia)
Positive Utopia (Eutopia)
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Negative Utopia (Dystopia)
Negative Utopia (Dystopia)
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Utopia (Thomas More)
Utopia (Thomas More)
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Common-based Peer Production
Common-based Peer Production
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Human Flourishing
Human Flourishing
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Utility
Utility
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Algorithmic Imaginary
Algorithmic Imaginary
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Tokenization
Tokenization
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Embeddings/Vectors
Embeddings/Vectors
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Transformers (Attention)
Transformers (Attention)
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Post-Training Alignment
Post-Training Alignment
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Foundation Models
Foundation Models
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Manifest Destiny (AI)
Manifest Destiny (AI)
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Algorithms in Digital Culture
Algorithms in Digital Culture
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Study Notes
Notes from Lectures: Analysing Digital Culture
- Analysing digital culture involves questioning how digital media are designed, produced, accessed, consumed, and how they communicate about culture.
What is analysing digital culture?
- A survey course
- A critical thinking course, requiring memory work and analysis
- Not a writing-based course
Course Schedule:
- Visual Culture (Weeks 2, 3, 4)
- Critical Culture (Weeks 5, 6, 7)
- Frontend (Weeks 10, 11, 12)
- Backend (Weeks 13, 14, 15)
First Lecturer: Dr Lucia Bainotti
- Visual Culture
- Feminism
- Gender studies
Lesson 1: Self-Representation
- Definitions:
- Self-presentation
- Self-branding
- If you aren't online, you don't exist (contemporary self)
The Contemporary Self:
- The self as a reflective project (Giddens, 1991)
- A flexible personality, constantly adapting to changes in the hope of achieving stability (Whitmer, 2018)
- The relationship between capitalist accumulation, precariousness, and flexibility of the self in the job market
Presentation of the Self in the Age of Social Media
- Self-presentation online is a premeditated display of the self,
- Individuals consider how their audience might react(Hogan,2010)
- Pictures/posts on Tinder vs LinkedIn
- Self-presentation is influenced by the structure/affordances of the platform.
Self-Presentation Meets Self-Branding
- Self-branding involves individuals viewing themselves as products to be marketed. (Whitmer, 2019)
- Self-branding is a set of practices constructing an image of the self, a persuasive packaging and a promotional persona.
- The self becomes a brand and a product, becoming a source of economic value.
The Attention Economy
- The attention economy involves paying, receiving, and seeking the attention of other human beings. (Goldhaber, 2006)
- This attention is limited and non-replaceable. (Goldhaber, 2006) (Abidin, 2020:82)
###Â Visibility Labour
- Visibility labor is work that social media users perform to be noticed, including self-posturing and curation of self-presentations. (Abidn, 2006; 2018)
- This involves accounting for algorithmic visibility
Algorithmic Visibility
- Content creators need to be noticed by platform algorithms to be visible to their intended audiences.
Week 3 - Memes (17th September)
- Reading Guide:
- How have memes in digital culture changed?
- How do platforms shape engagement with memes?
- Where do internet memes come from?
Past: Origins, Definitions, Critiques
- Memes are units of culture (like genes or viruses) that replicate themselves (Dawkins, 1976)
- Memes seek to copy themselves, a concept that has been rejected by researchers for not considering human agency.
- Examples include recipes, folk songs, and “The God Meme."
Week 4 - Exploring Platform Vernaculars and Affordances
-
Affordances: are the possibilities for action that objects offer to people.
-
Affordances mediate between technology features and their outcomes, shaping user action and experiences.
-
Affordances are social constructs.
-
Hidden affordances - are when technology doesnt force people to do things.
Platform Vernaculars
- AAVE (African American Vernacular English)
- Everyday and ordinary communication patterns within a given platform.
Funeral and Instagram: Death, Social Media, Platform Vernacular
- Selfies (#sexy)
- Self-presentation (e.g. formal dress in Western culture)
- Self-promotion
- Architectural Detail and Natural Environments (e.g., sky, trees)
- Platform-specific language
- How do users adapt to the affordances of the platform to communicate their experiences or create narratives around grief, death?
###Â Week 5 - Digital Activisms
- Social media as a tool for activism
Week 3 - Memes 17 September
- Reading Guide:
- How have memes in digital culture changed from their inception to now (2024)?
- Do platforms structure the way we engage with internet memes?
- Where do internet memes come from?
Week 2, 10 SeptemberÂ
- Â What is analysed digital culture?
- definitions: Self-presentation & Self-branding
- the contemporary self - self as reflective project, flexible personality, relationship between capitalist acc & precariousness
Week 10 - Algorithms & Fictions
- Algorithms have a strong hold on public imaginations but are real, socio-technical objects.
- Algorithms and their function have been fundamentally changed by the rise of AI
- How are algorithms both codified in a process and something that is performed within social practices
Week 11 - Al & Discrimination
- Classifications are used fundamentally in algorithmic systems and processes, and can be based on prejudices
- Al systems reproduce bias through historical use cases (e.g., the HOLC)
- Explain how algorithms encode these historical forms of bias in order to produce current outcomes.
Week 12 - Content Moderation
- How does content moderation affect different groups on platform?
- Explain how content moderation serves a role in the platform's business model.
- What ethical dilemmas are posed (for example, the ethics of speech) through the moderating of platforms?
- Define how "soft" and "hard" moderation differs
Week 14 - Platform Labour
- Context: The rise (and fall?) of the gig economy.
- What are platform labours and why should we study them?
- What are labor's characteristics within a platform?
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Description
Explore the critical aspects of digital culture in this survey course. Analyze how media shapes our self-representation and understand concepts like self-branding. Engage with topics such as visual culture, feminism, and gender studies under the guidance of Dr. Lucia Bainotti.