Analogy and Vocabulary Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What challenge does the Philippines face due to its growing population?

  • Limited resources relative to demands (correct)
  • Excessive natural resources
  • Adequate economic growth
  • High rates of immigration

What does existentialism assert about the role of individuals in shaping their fate?

  • Fate is predetermined by society
  • Individuals create and shape their own destinies (correct)
  • External factors are the sole determinants of behavior
  • Human existence is inherently meaningless

What is primarily produced when burning fuel such as wood or coal?

  • Toxins and pollutants
  • Solid ash only
  • Gases that escape the atmosphere (correct)
  • Water vapor

What have volcanologists achieved in terms of predicting eruptions?

<p>They can accurately predict eruptions and save lives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What remains after using fuels like wood or coal in fires?

<p>Ash and unburned fuel particles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the economic conditions in the Philippines despite its growing population?

<p>Sustained economic growth has not kept pace with population growth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the process of burning fuels, why is smoke produced?

<p>Unburned particles escape due to imperfect burning. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do excavations at Pompeii and Herculaneum reveal about ancient societies?

<p>They provide insights into art, diet, and cultural habits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Sonia's goal in the competition?

<p>To qualify for the national contest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quality did Sonia need to perform the particularly difficult element of her routine?

<p>Great strength and control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Sonia know her performance had gone well?

<p>The audience's applause indicated success. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the synchronized swimming performance is highlighted in the passage?

<p>The combination of technical skills and artistic expression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which additional detail could enhance the description of Sonia's performance?

<p>How long she had been training for the event (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence would least fit in the context of Sonia’s experience during the competition?

<p>After the routine, Sonia took a break at the poolside. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be inferred about Sonia’s emotional state after her performance?

<p>She experienced relief and joy from her success. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be the primary focus of Sonia's upcoming participation in the national contest?

<p>Competing against other top athletes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred in early spring of 1521 during the journey across the Pacific Ocean?

<p>They crossed the International Date Line. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one consequence of the long voyage at sea for Magellan's crew?

<p>Many died from starvation and disease. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused Magellan to lose the favor of the king of Portugal?

<p>His involvement in a political conflict. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Pope do regarding the lands of the New World?

<p>He divided the lands based on an imaginary line. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Magellan's final fate?

<p>He was killed in a tribal battle in the Philippines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Spaniards find among the natives of the Philippines?

<p>Systems of writing and law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the Tagalog syllabary is correct?

<p>The script was influenced by South Indian developments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about Father Chirino's observation regarding the inhabitants of Manila?

<p>They had a unique writing system compared to China and Japan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a theory on the Tagalog syllabary's development?

<p>The Tagalog script was derived from ancient Chinese writings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tone does the author use in the passage about the natives' literacy?

<p>Serious (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major political circumstance faced by Ferdinand Magellan?

<p>He lost favor with the king of Portugal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivated Magellan to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain?

<p>The opportunity to explore new lands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which century did Ferdinand Magellan lead his expedition to sail around the world?

<p>16th century (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant aspect of Filipino culture was noted by the Spanish colonizers in 1521?

<p>The Filipinos had systems of writing and were literate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What materials did early Filipinos use for writing?

<p>Bamboos, barks of trees, and leaves of plants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which alphabet replaced the old Tagalog syllabary?

<p>Roman alphabet. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theory suggests that Tagalog writing was introduced from the coast of Bengal?

<p>Isaac Taylor's theory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Fletcher Gardner, what influence did Hindu missionaries have on Philippine writing?

<p>They established Manila as a center of Vedic learning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fourth theory concerning the origin of Philippine scripts?

<p>Dravidian theory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Constantino Lendayno believe regarding the Philippine script?

<p>It was developed without foreign influences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one common feature among the theories regarding the introduction of the Tagalog syllabary?

<p>All theories suggest an Indian origin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct option regarding the clause in the sentence, 'Many people claim [to have seen] UFOs, [but] not one [have] proved that [such] [objects] exist.'

<p>The correct form should be 'not one has proved'. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Assess the error in the following sentence: 'Last year, the company [announces] Take Your Daughter to Work Day in an effort [to build] the morale [of employees] in the head of office [during the recession.]'

<p>The verb tense should be past instead of present. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is incorrect in the sentence: 'Seniors [which need] help with college applications [can find] [immediate] [assistance] [from] the Guidance Department.'?

<p>The use of 'which' should be 'who'. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the error in the sentence: 'Edward Villella [stages] ballets [that reflect] the [influence of] [an earlier] choreographer, George Balanchline.'

<p>The name 'George Balanchline' is misspelled. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What error exists in the statement: 'During the debate, Jack [attended closely] to the Green Party candidate's economic plan, [which Jack thought was better structured than the other candidates].'?

<p>The pronoun 'Jack' should not be repeated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the sentence 'This mere mechanism of reading becomes altogether automatic at an early period of life', identify the flaw.

<p>There is no flaw in this sentence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Examine the error in this clause: 'The complex formulas and problems [of Algebra II] [caused] me [more] sleepless nights and test anxiety than [Algebra I].'

<p>The phrase 'more sleepless nights' is awkward. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the error in the sentence: 'The traditional medical approach [shortens] the healing [for a number] of surgical procedures.'

<p>The term 'shortens' is incorrectly applied. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Subject-verb agreement error in sentence 51

The verb "dares" does not agree in number with the subject "No one".

Incorrect pronoun case (sentence 52)

The pronoun "he" should be "him" because it is the object of the verb "to deliver".

Improper pronoun use (sentence 53)

The pronoun "which" is used to refer to a specific thing (the economic plan).

Correct tense usage (sentence 55)

The verb "have proved" is incorrect. The correct form is "have proven" because "not one... proven" is the parallel structure required.

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Verb tense error (sentence 56)

The verb "announces" should be "announced" because the event happened in the past.

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Prepositional phrase error (sentence 57)

The phrase "of the process" should be "the process". It does not fit grammatically and creates faulty syntax.

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Pronoun error: use of "which" (sentence 58)

"Which" should be replaced with "who," since it is a question about a person's need for help.

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Correct usage of "more" (sentence 60)

The comparative "more" is used correctly in the example. No change is needed.

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What is the author's purpose in this passage about Mount Vesuvius?

The author aims to inform readers about the scientific discoveries and the significance of the volcanic eruption.

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How do archaeologists study the skeletons?

They use distilled water to wash away the volcanic ash, revealing the skeletal remains.

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What does the passage say about the knowledge gained from the Vesuvius eruption?

It provides extensive information about the effects volcanoes have on their surroundings.

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What is the challenge Sonia faces?

She needs to perform flawlessly during the free competition to qualify for the national contest.

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What qualities are essential for Sonia's performance?

She needs strength and control for the challenging moves.

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What is the meaning of 'this series of choreographed moves'?

This refers to the free competition routine, which includes complex, synchronized movements performed to music.

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Which detail reveals Sonia's success?

The thunderous applause from the audience confirms that Sonia's performance was impressive.

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What is the author's main point in the passage?

The author illustrates Sonia's journey towards achieving her dream of becoming a champion synchronized swimmer.

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Population Growth and Limited Resources

The Philippines, along with several developing nations, is experiencing rapid population growth, which outpaces economic growth and resource availability, leading to a smaller share of resources per individual.

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Existentialism: Freedom of Choice

Existentialism emphasizes individual responsibility for shaping one's destiny, rejecting predetermined factors like heredity and environment as the sole influences on actions.

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Burning Fuel: Perfect vs. Imperfect

During combustion, fuel combines with oxygen, releasing gases and leaving ashes. However, some unburnt particles escape as smoke, indicating an imperfect burning process.

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Excavations: Revealing Past Lives

Excavations at Pompeii and Herculaneum provide insights into the lives and habits of ancient civilizations through the unearthed artifacts and skeletal remains.

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Volcanology: Predicting Eruptions

Volcanologists have advanced their ability to predict volcanic eruptions, saving lives and protecting communities from potential devastation.

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Existentialism: Meaning of Life

Existentialist literature delves into the search for meaning in an absurd or meaningless universe, often focusing on ethical choices and their impact on a person's life.

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Existentialism: Individual Responsibility

Existentialists believe that individuals are free to choose their actions and shape their own destinies, regardless of external influences.

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Incomplete Combustion

When fuel burns, not all of it is completely consumed, resulting in tiny particles of unburnt fuel escaping as smoke.

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Pre-colonial Filipino Writing

Filipinos had their own writing systems before Spanish colonization, using materials like bamboo and tree bark, which have not survived.

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Tagalog Syllabary

The Tagalog alphabet was a syllabary, meaning each symbol represented a syllable, unlike the Roman alphabet where letters represent individual sounds.

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Theories of Tagalog Syllabary Origin

Various theories propose how the Tagalog syllabary developed, including influences from India, Indonesia, and even indigenous invention.

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Spanish Influence on Writing

The Spanish introduced the Roman alphabet, which eventually replaced the Tagalog syllabary, changing the way Filipinos wrote.

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Literacy in Pre-Colonial Philippines

The Spanish found Filipinos to be literate, with many people able to read and write in their own languages, highlighting a developed culture of education.

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What is the Tagalog syllabary's origin?

The Tagalog syllabary developed from the Brahmi scripts used in ancient India, likely through various influences and adaptations.

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What evidence suggests a developed Filipino writing system?

The Spaniards observed Filipinos actively using their own writing system, indicating a sophisticated culture of literacy.

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How did the Roman alphabet impact Filipino writing?

It replaced the existing Tagalog syllabary, leading to a shift in the way Filipinos wrote and read.

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Pre-Spanish Filipino Writing

The Filipinos had their own writing system before the arrival of the Spanish, using a syllabary derived from ancient South Indian scripts.

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Influence of Brahmi Scripts

The Tagalog syllabary originated from the South Indian Brahmi scripts, which were used in the Asoka Inscriptions around 300 BC.

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Father Chirino's Observation

Father Chirino, a Spanish missionary, observed that Filipinos were literate and skilled in their own writing system.

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The Tagalog Script: An Invention?

There are different theories about the origin of the Tagalog syllabary, with some suggesting it was a purely Filipino invention.

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Ferdinand Magellan's Expedition

Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe in the 16th century.

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Magellan's Fall from Grace

Magellan's political ambitions caused him to lose favor with the king of Portugal, leading him to seek service in Spain.

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Structure of the Passage

The passage is informative, providing facts about the pre-Spanish Filipino writing system and Magellan's expedition.

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Magellan's Fate

Magellan, the famous explorer, was killed during a tribal battle in the Philippines. This occurred after his expedition crossed the Pacific Ocean and faced numerous challenges, including disease and starvation. Only one ship and 17 sailors completed the journey.

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Proof of a Round World

Magellan's expedition successfully proved that the Earth is round. The journey demonstrated that there was no precipice at the edge of the world, as some people had believed.

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The International Date Line

Magellan's fleet crossed the International Date Line in the early spring of 1521, after 98 days at sea on the Pacific Ocean.

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Why did Magellan lose favor with the King of Portugal?

Magellan fell out of favor with the King of Portugal because of his involvement in a political dispute.

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Age of Exploration

The 16th century was characterized by a surge in exploration, with adventurers like Magellan venturing across oceans to discover new lands and trade routes.

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Study Notes

ANALOGY

  • Ship: Captain :: Orchestra : Conductor
  • Marshal: Prisoner :: Principal: Teacher

VOCABULARY

  • Stoic attitude: earned the title "man made of stone" (implying calmness and strength)
  • Gelid surroundings: very cold
  • Copious harvest: a large amount
  • Asphyxia: suffocation due to noxious gases
  • Exculpate: to prove innocent
  • Preposterous remarks: absurd remarks
  • Reticent attitude: shy and reserved attitude
  • Vociferous: loud and outspoken
  • Fop: a man who is overly concerned with his appearance; stylish
  • Scruff: unkempt or messy
  • Stern: serious or strict
  • Trellis: a structure used in a garden
  • Fireplace: a place where fires are built
  • Candle: Illuminate :: Wick: Refrigerator
  • Fop: Cool :: Documentary: Movie
  • Scruff: Neck :: Stern: Dirty
  • Trellis: Garden :: Fireplace: House
  • Game: Series :: Word: Syllable
  • Land: Earth :: Slice: Cake
  • Receipt: Money :: License: Purchase
  • Battalion: Army :: Dollar: Cent

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