Anal Cushions and Fecal Continence Mechanism
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Questions and Answers

Which muscle is responsible for 70-85% of fecal continence?

  • Puborectalis muscle
  • Levator ani muscle
  • External anal sphincter
  • Internal anal sphincter (correct)
  • What is the primary function of the puborectalis muscle during defecation?

  • It contracts to constrict the anal canal
  • It relaxes to straighten the anorectal flexure (correct)
  • It increases the resting tone of the internal anal sphincter
  • It provides voluntary control of the external anal sphincter
  • Which ligament suspends and holds the ovary in place?

  • The infundibulopelvic (IP) ligament
  • The suspensory ligament of the ovary (correct)
  • The broad ligament of the uterus
  • The round ligament of the uterus
  • Where do most ectopic pregnancies usually occur?

    <p>In the fallopian tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the external anal sphincter?

    <p>To provide voluntary control of the anal canal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main innervation of the internal anal sphincter?

    <p>Sympathetic innervation via the inferior hypogastric plexus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms the terminal part of the large intestine?

    <p>Rectum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle contributes to the anorectal flexure at rest?

    <p>Puborectalis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional difference between the upper and lower parts of the anal canal?

    <p>The upper part is innervated by visceral afferents, the lower by somatic afferents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the internal anal sphincter is true?

    <p>It is made of smooth muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure divides the upper and lower parts of the anal canal?

    <p>Pectinate line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with abnormalities of the anal cushions?

    <p>Hemorrhoids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the internal anal sphincter at rest?

    <p>To contract and prevent outflow of blood from the anal cushions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the internal anal sphincter during defecation?

    <p>It relaxes, allowing blood to drain from the hemorrhoidal plexus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of rectal bleeding in internal hemorrhoids?

    <p>Bright red due to high blood oxygen content (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about external hemorrhoids is correct?

    <p>They are painful due to the presence of somatic afferents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do rectal varices typically occur?

    <p>In the mid-rectum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with a higher prevalence of rectal varices?

    <p>Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (63%-94% prevalence) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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