Questions and Answers
What does the term 'Patriarchy' refer to?
What is the Agricultural Revolution?
the change from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to planting crops in one place
Where is Mesopotamia located?
around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern-day Iraq
What is a City-state?
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What is Egypt known for?
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What characterized the Indus River Valley Civilization?
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Along which river did ancient China develop?
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What is Hinduism based on?
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What does Judaism revolve around?
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What is the Silk Road?
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What does Buddhism focus on?
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What was the Mauryan Empire known for?
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What is the Gupta Empire known for?
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What is the Mandate of Heaven?
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Who was Confucius?
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What is Daoism focused on?
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What was significant about the Qin Dynasty?
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What is the Han Dynasty known for?
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What is the civil service exam?
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What characterized the Persian Empire?
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What are the main periods of Rome?
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What does the term Diaspora mean?
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What is Christianity based on?
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What is an Entrepôt?
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What was the Byzantine Empire?
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What was Teotihuacan known for?
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What made the Mayans unique?
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What are the five core principles of Islam?
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What does Dar al-Islam mean?
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What is the Abbasid Caliphate known for?
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What did the Sui Dynasty achieve?
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What were the major contributions of the Tang Dynasty?
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What is the Song Dynasty recognized for?
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What is a Shogun?
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What is a Daimyo?
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What does Shinto focus on?
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What characterized the Ghana Empire?
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What was Great Zimbabwe?
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What is the Roman Catholic Church?
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What is the Eastern Orthodox Church?
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What is the Mississippian Civilization?
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What was the Toltec Civilization recognized for?
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Study Notes
Key Terms in World History
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Patriarchy: System where males dominate society, influencing social, political, and economic structures.
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Agricultural Revolution: Transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agricultural communities through crop cultivation.
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Mesopotamia: Considered the cradle of civilization, it developed between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq.
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City-state: Independent political entity comprising a city and its adjacent territory, characteristic of ancient civilizations.
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Egypt: Ancient civilization renowned for hieroglyphics and monumental structures like pyramids, showcasing advanced social organization.
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Indus River Valley Civilization: Advanced society noted for its innovation, such as indoor plumbing, with limited evidence available due to undeciphered scripts.
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China: Civilization that emerged along the Yellow River, marked by a strong patriarchal structure and veneration of ancestors.
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Hinduism: Ancient religion rooted in the Vedas, emphasizing concepts of reincarnation and a caste-based society.
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Judaism: One of the oldest monotheistic religions centered on the covenant between the Jewish people and their deity, Yahweh.
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Silk Road: Extensive network of trade routes connecting Europe and East Asia, facilitating cultural, commercial, and technological exchange.
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Buddhism: Religion founded by the Buddha, advocating for spiritual enlightenment and transcending caste distinctions.
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Mauryan Empire: The first major Indian empire (322-187 BCE), recognized for its leadership under Ashoka and the promotion of Buddhism.
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Gupta Empire: Second significant Indian empire (320-550 CE), heralding a Golden Age marked by advancements in mathematics and science.
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Mandate of Heaven: Chinese philosophical concept asserting that heaven grants emperors the right to rule based on their virtue.
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Confucius: Influential Chinese philosopher whose teachings on ethics, governance, and familial respect erupted into Confucianism.
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Daoism: Philosophy and religion in China promoting harmony with nature and holistic living.
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Qin Dynasty: Chinese dynasty (221-207 BCE) notable for unifying script and measurement standards, paving the way for future governance.
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Han Dynasty: Prosperous dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE) recognized for cultural advancements and establishing long-distance trade routes.
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Civil Service Exam: Competitive assessment devised by the Han Dynasty to select government officials, enhancing bureaucracy.
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Persian Empire: Enormous empire (559-around 330 BCE) showcasing a blend of cultural diversity and governance noted for religious tolerance.
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Rome: Influential civilization (753 BCE-476 CE) with advanced legal structures, a strong military, and contributions to art and architecture, deeply influenced by Greek culture.
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Diaspora: Dispersion of a population from their homeland, often resulting in cultural and social integration challenges.
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Christianity: Religion founded on the teachings of Jesus Christ promising eternal life and moral guidance for its adherents.
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Entrepôt: Strategic trading hub located at coastal regions, essential for maritime commerce.
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Byzantine Empire: Successor of the Eastern Roman Empire post-collapse, known for preserving Greco-Roman culture and Orthodox Christianity.
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Teotihuacan: Ancient Mesoamerican city, recognized for its architectural designs and the establishment of trade networks.
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Mayans: Civilization (250-900 CE) famed for its sophisticated writing system and calendrical achievements.
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Islam: Religion established in the 7th century, centered on five pillars guiding the Muslim faith, including the pilgrimage to Mecca.
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Dar al-Islam: Term referring to territories governed by Islamic law, highlighting areas of Islamic influence throughout history.
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Abbasid Caliphate: Prominent Islamic dynasty (750-1258 CE) noted for cultural and scientific achievements, along with its policy of religious tolerance towards non-Muslims.
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Sui Dynasty: Chinese dynasty (581-618 CE) that re-established central governance and initiated the construction of the Grand Canal.
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Tang Dynasty: Era of expansion (618-907 CE) in China, recognized for cultural flourishing and military prowess.
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Song Dynasty: Dynasty (960-1279 CE) marked by dynamic economic growth and urbanization, famous for innovations such as paper money.
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Shogun: Historical title for Japan's military rulers, overseeing the country under a feudal system.
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Daimyo: Feudal lords in Japan, subordinate to the Shogun, controlling land and samurai.
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Shinto: Indigenous Japanese religion emphasizing the worship of kami (spirits) and ancestral reverence.
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Ghana: Powerful West African empire (c. 700-c. 1240 CE), prospering through trans-Saharan trade routes, unrelated to the modern nation of the same name.
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Great Zimbabwe: Significant kingdom (c. 12th-15th century CE) in Southeast Africa, known for its impressive stone structures and trade networks.
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Roman Catholic Church: Branch of Christianity governed by the pope; formed from the Great Schism and influenced European history profoundly.
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Eastern Orthodox Church: Christian denomination prevalent in Eastern Europe, originating from the Great Schism.
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Mississippian Civilization: Native American culture along the Mississippi River (c. 8th-16th century CE) known for complex societies and mound-building.
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Toltec Civilization: Mesoamerican society (10th century CE) that inherited many cultural traits from the Mayans, including artistic and architectural styles.
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Test your knowledge with key terms from the Prologue of AMSCO's AP World History (Modern). This quiz covers foundational concepts such as patriarchy, the Agricultural Revolution, and early civilizations like Mesopotamia. Enhance your understanding of historical vocabulary essential for success in AP World History.