AMSCO AP World History Prologue Key Terms
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Patriarchy' refer to?

  • male domination of society (correct)
  • an economic system
  • a type of government
  • female empowerment

    • What is the Agricultural Revolution?

    the change from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to planting crops in one place

    Where is Mesopotamia located?

    around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern-day Iraq

    What is a City-state?

    <p>an independent state consisting of a city and its surrounding territory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Egypt known for?

    <p>its writing system (hieroglyphics) and monumental architecture (pyramids)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Indus River Valley Civilization?

    <p>technology such as indoor plumbing; little known due to undeciphered language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Along which river did ancient China develop?

    <p>the Yellow River (Huang He)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Hinduism based on?

    <p>a set of texts called Vedas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Judaism revolve around?

    <p>the belief that Jewish people are in a covenant with their god Yahweh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Silk Road?

    <p>a network of trade routes between Europe and East Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Buddhism focus on?

    <p>the teachings of the Buddha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Mauryan Empire known for?

    <p>being the first major empire in modern-day India; peaked under Ashoka</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Gupta Empire known for?

    <p>sparking the Golden Age of India; Base 10 and place value were invented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Mandate of Heaven?

    <p>a concept developed by the Zhou Dynasty stating a universal force granted the emperor the right to rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Confucius?

    <p>a Chinese philosopher; teachings became the foundation of Confucianism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Daoism focused on?

    <p>living in harmony with nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was significant about the Qin Dynasty?

    <p>standardized Chinese script and established uniform weights and measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Han Dynasty known for?

    <p>being a Golden Age of Chinese history; extended trade to the Mediterranean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the civil service exam?

    <p>an exam created by the Han Dynasty for high positions in government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Persian Empire?

    <p>practiced religious toleration; large empire from the Aegean Sea to India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main periods of Rome?

    <p>Kingdom (753-509 BCE), Republic (509-27 BCE), Empire (26 BCE-476 CE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term Diaspora mean?

    <p>a people group who are spread out across a large area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Christianity based on?

    <p>the teachings of Jesus Christ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Entrepôt?

    <p>a coastal trading hub</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Byzantine Empire?

    <p>the empire formed from the Eastern half of the Roman Empire after its collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Teotihuacan known for?

    <p>its grid pattern streets and temples to the sun and moon gods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What made the Mayans unique?

    <p>known for their complex written language and advanced calendar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five core principles of Islam?

    <p>belief in one god (Allah), ritual prayer, almsgiving, fasting, pilgrimage to Mecca</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Dar al-Islam mean?

    <p>House of Islam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Abbasid Caliphate known for?

    <p>heralding the Islamic Golden Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Sui Dynasty achieve?

    <p>reestablished a centralized government and constructed the Great Canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the major contributions of the Tang Dynasty?

    <p>expanded China's borders; ushered in a second Golden Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Song Dynasty recognized for?

    <p>continuing the Golden Age; exporting the idea of paper money</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Shogun?

    <p>a historical title for a military leader of Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Daimyo?

    <p>a Japanese feudal warlord below the Shogun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Shinto focus on?

    <p>nature spirits and veneration of elders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Ghana Empire?

    <p>wealth from trans-Saharan trade routes; unrelated to modern Ghana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Great Zimbabwe?

    <p>a large kingdom in Southeast Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Roman Catholic Church?

    <p>the branch of Christianity headed by the pope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Eastern Orthodox Church?

    <p>the branch of Christianity adhered to by most Christians in Eastern Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Mississippian Civilization?

    <p>a Native American civilization located along the Mississippi River</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Toltec Civilization recognized for?

    <p>adopting many Mayan practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Key Terms in World History

    • Patriarchy: System where males dominate society, influencing social, political, and economic structures.

    • Agricultural Revolution: Transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agricultural communities through crop cultivation.

    • Mesopotamia: Considered the cradle of civilization, it developed between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq.

    • City-state: Independent political entity comprising a city and its adjacent territory, characteristic of ancient civilizations.

    • Egypt: Ancient civilization renowned for hieroglyphics and monumental structures like pyramids, showcasing advanced social organization.

    • Indus River Valley Civilization: Advanced society noted for its innovation, such as indoor plumbing, with limited evidence available due to undeciphered scripts.

    • China: Civilization that emerged along the Yellow River, marked by a strong patriarchal structure and veneration of ancestors.

    • Hinduism: Ancient religion rooted in the Vedas, emphasizing concepts of reincarnation and a caste-based society.

    • Judaism: One of the oldest monotheistic religions centered on the covenant between the Jewish people and their deity, Yahweh.

    • Silk Road: Extensive network of trade routes connecting Europe and East Asia, facilitating cultural, commercial, and technological exchange.

    • Buddhism: Religion founded by the Buddha, advocating for spiritual enlightenment and transcending caste distinctions.

    • Mauryan Empire: The first major Indian empire (322-187 BCE), recognized for its leadership under Ashoka and the promotion of Buddhism.

    • Gupta Empire: Second significant Indian empire (320-550 CE), heralding a Golden Age marked by advancements in mathematics and science.

    • Mandate of Heaven: Chinese philosophical concept asserting that heaven grants emperors the right to rule based on their virtue.

    • Confucius: Influential Chinese philosopher whose teachings on ethics, governance, and familial respect erupted into Confucianism.

    • Daoism: Philosophy and religion in China promoting harmony with nature and holistic living.

    • Qin Dynasty: Chinese dynasty (221-207 BCE) notable for unifying script and measurement standards, paving the way for future governance.

    • Han Dynasty: Prosperous dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE) recognized for cultural advancements and establishing long-distance trade routes.

    • Civil Service Exam: Competitive assessment devised by the Han Dynasty to select government officials, enhancing bureaucracy.

    • Persian Empire: Enormous empire (559-around 330 BCE) showcasing a blend of cultural diversity and governance noted for religious tolerance.

    • Rome: Influential civilization (753 BCE-476 CE) with advanced legal structures, a strong military, and contributions to art and architecture, deeply influenced by Greek culture.

    • Diaspora: Dispersion of a population from their homeland, often resulting in cultural and social integration challenges.

    • Christianity: Religion founded on the teachings of Jesus Christ promising eternal life and moral guidance for its adherents.

    • Entrepôt: Strategic trading hub located at coastal regions, essential for maritime commerce.

    • Byzantine Empire: Successor of the Eastern Roman Empire post-collapse, known for preserving Greco-Roman culture and Orthodox Christianity.

    • Teotihuacan: Ancient Mesoamerican city, recognized for its architectural designs and the establishment of trade networks.

    • Mayans: Civilization (250-900 CE) famed for its sophisticated writing system and calendrical achievements.

    • Islam: Religion established in the 7th century, centered on five pillars guiding the Muslim faith, including the pilgrimage to Mecca.

    • Dar al-Islam: Term referring to territories governed by Islamic law, highlighting areas of Islamic influence throughout history.

    • Abbasid Caliphate: Prominent Islamic dynasty (750-1258 CE) noted for cultural and scientific achievements, along with its policy of religious tolerance towards non-Muslims.

    • Sui Dynasty: Chinese dynasty (581-618 CE) that re-established central governance and initiated the construction of the Grand Canal.

    • Tang Dynasty: Era of expansion (618-907 CE) in China, recognized for cultural flourishing and military prowess.

    • Song Dynasty: Dynasty (960-1279 CE) marked by dynamic economic growth and urbanization, famous for innovations such as paper money.

    • Shogun: Historical title for Japan's military rulers, overseeing the country under a feudal system.

    • Daimyo: Feudal lords in Japan, subordinate to the Shogun, controlling land and samurai.

    • Shinto: Indigenous Japanese religion emphasizing the worship of kami (spirits) and ancestral reverence.

    • Ghana: Powerful West African empire (c. 700-c. 1240 CE), prospering through trans-Saharan trade routes, unrelated to the modern nation of the same name.

    • Great Zimbabwe: Significant kingdom (c. 12th-15th century CE) in Southeast Africa, known for its impressive stone structures and trade networks.

    • Roman Catholic Church: Branch of Christianity governed by the pope; formed from the Great Schism and influenced European history profoundly.

    • Eastern Orthodox Church: Christian denomination prevalent in Eastern Europe, originating from the Great Schism.

    • Mississippian Civilization: Native American culture along the Mississippi River (c. 8th-16th century CE) known for complex societies and mound-building.

    • Toltec Civilization: Mesoamerican society (10th century CE) that inherited many cultural traits from the Mayans, including artistic and architectural styles.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge with key terms from the Prologue of AMSCO's AP World History (Modern). This quiz covers foundational concepts such as patriarchy, the Agricultural Revolution, and early civilizations like Mesopotamia. Enhance your understanding of historical vocabulary essential for success in AP World History.

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