Amino Acids, Proteins, Enzymes: Water Solvent for Biochemical Reactions - Chapter 2a
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason water is considered the best solvent?

  • Its low density
  • Its universal nature (correct)
  • Its non-polarity
  • Its high salt content
  • What happens when two atoms with equal electronegativity form a bond?

  • Electrons are shared equally (correct)
  • Ionic character is created
  • Electrons are not shared
  • A covalent bond is not formed
  • What percentage of the Earth's water is freshwater?

  • 71%
  • 97.5%
  • 2.5% (correct)
  • 60%
  • What is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself called?

    <p>Electronegativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bond type occurs when the electronegativity difference between two atoms is more than 1.7?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is water crucial for biochemical processes in living organisms?

    <p>Most biochemical processes occur in the presence of water due to its properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond will have a nonpolar covalent character?

    <p>Electronegativity difference less than 0.4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the polarity of a bond?

    <p>Difference in electronegativity of the bonded atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the two C=O bonds in CO2 considered polar?

    <p>Unbalanced sharing of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a molecule, why can polar bonds still result in a nonpolar molecule?

    <p>Because of the overall symmetry of the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds have positive and negative ends that create dipoles?

    <p>Covalent bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the bond between oxygen and hydrogen in water considered polar?

    <p>Uneven sharing of electrons leading to partial charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed between water molecules due to their polarity?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hydrogen bonds compare to covalent bonds in terms of strength?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in the stabilization of 3-D structures of biological molecules?

    <p>Stabilizes complex structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules are described as hydrophilic?

    <p>Water-loving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In water, what type of substances can easily dissolve due to its polarity?

    <p>Polar substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do amphipathic molecules differ from hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules?

    <p>Hydrophilic molecules have both polar and nonpolar parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some chemicals dissolve in water while others don't?

    <p>Because water molecules are electrically charged and get attracted to other water molecules, excluding nonpolar compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are hydrocarbons like full charges compounds such as NaCl and KCl not soluble in water?

    <p>Due to the weak van der Waals interactions between hydrocarbons and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when oil and water are mixed together?

    <p>Oil molecules clump together and separate from water due to their nonpolar nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do polar compounds with partial charges dissolve in water effectively?

    <p>Because polar compounds have charges that interact favorably with water's polar nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do hydrocarbons not readily dissolve in water?

    <p>Due to the nonpolar nature of hydrocarbons, making them hydrophobic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do compounds like ethyl alcohol and acetone behave in water?

    <p>They are amphipathic and form micelles in the presence of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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