Amino Acids, Proteins, Enzymes: Water Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

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What is the main reason water is considered the best solvent?

Its low density

Its universal nature (correct)

Its non-polarity

Its high salt content

What happens when two atoms with equal electronegativity form a bond?

Electrons are shared equally (correct)

Ionic character is created

Electrons are not shared

A covalent bond is not formed

What percentage of the Earth's water is freshwater?

71%

97.5%

2.5% (correct)

60%

What is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself called?

Electronegativity Signup and view all the answers

Which bond type occurs when the electronegativity difference between two atoms is more than 1.7?

Ionic bond Signup and view all the answers

Why is water crucial for biochemical processes in living organisms?

Most biochemical processes occur in the presence of water due to its properties Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond will have a nonpolar covalent character?

Electronegativity difference less than 0.4 Signup and view all the answers

What determines the polarity of a bond?

Difference in electronegativity of the bonded atoms Signup and view all the answers

Why are the two C=O bonds in CO2 considered polar?

Unbalanced sharing of electrons Signup and view all the answers

In a molecule, why can polar bonds still result in a nonpolar molecule?

Because of the overall symmetry of the molecule Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds have positive and negative ends that create dipoles?

Covalent bonds Signup and view all the answers

Why is the bond between oxygen and hydrogen in water considered polar?

Uneven sharing of electrons leading to partial charges Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed between water molecules due to their polarity?

Hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

How do hydrogen bonds compare to covalent bonds in terms of strength?

Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in the stabilization of 3-D structures of biological molecules?

Stabilizes complex structures Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules are described as hydrophilic?

Water-loving Signup and view all the answers

In water, what type of substances can easily dissolve due to its polarity?

Polar substances Signup and view all the answers

How do amphipathic molecules differ from hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules?

Hydrophilic molecules have both polar and nonpolar parts Signup and view all the answers

Why do some chemicals dissolve in water while others don't?

Because water molecules are electrically charged and get attracted to other water molecules, excluding nonpolar compounds. Signup and view all the answers

Why are hydrocarbons like full charges compounds such as NaCl and KCl not soluble in water?

Due to the weak van der Waals interactions between hydrocarbons and water. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when oil and water are mixed together?

Oil molecules clump together and separate from water due to their nonpolar nature. Signup and view all the answers

Why do polar compounds with partial charges dissolve in water effectively?

Because polar compounds have charges that interact favorably with water's polar nature. Signup and view all the answers

Why do hydrocarbons not readily dissolve in water?

Due to the nonpolar nature of hydrocarbons, making them hydrophobic. Signup and view all the answers

How do compounds like ethyl alcohol and acetone behave in water?

They are amphipathic and form micelles in the presence of water. Signup and view all the answers

Amino Acids, Proteins, Enzymes: Water Solvent for Biochemical Reactions - Chapter 2a

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