24 Questions
What is the main reason water is considered the best solvent?
Its universal nature
What happens when two atoms with equal electronegativity form a bond?
Electrons are shared equally
What percentage of the Earth's water is freshwater?
2.5%
What is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself called?
Electronegativity
Which bond type occurs when the electronegativity difference between two atoms is more than 1.7?
Ionic bond
Why is water crucial for biochemical processes in living organisms?
Most biochemical processes occur in the presence of water due to its properties
What type of bond will have a nonpolar covalent character?
Electronegativity difference less than 0.4
What determines the polarity of a bond?
Difference in electronegativity of the bonded atoms
Why are the two C=O bonds in CO2 considered polar?
Unbalanced sharing of electrons
In a molecule, why can polar bonds still result in a nonpolar molecule?
Because of the overall symmetry of the molecule
What type of bonds have positive and negative ends that create dipoles?
Covalent bonds
Why is the bond between oxygen and hydrogen in water considered polar?
Uneven sharing of electrons leading to partial charges
What type of bond is formed between water molecules due to their polarity?
Hydrogen bonds
How do hydrogen bonds compare to covalent bonds in terms of strength?
Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds
What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in the stabilization of 3-D structures of biological molecules?
Stabilizes complex structures
What type of molecules are described as hydrophilic?
Water-loving
In water, what type of substances can easily dissolve due to its polarity?
Polar substances
How do amphipathic molecules differ from hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules?
Hydrophilic molecules have both polar and nonpolar parts
Why do some chemicals dissolve in water while others don't?
Because water molecules are electrically charged and get attracted to other water molecules, excluding nonpolar compounds.
Why are hydrocarbons like full charges compounds such as NaCl and KCl not soluble in water?
Due to the weak van der Waals interactions between hydrocarbons and water.
What happens when oil and water are mixed together?
Oil molecules clump together and separate from water due to their nonpolar nature.
Why do polar compounds with partial charges dissolve in water effectively?
Because polar compounds have charges that interact favorably with water's polar nature.
Why do hydrocarbons not readily dissolve in water?
Due to the nonpolar nature of hydrocarbons, making them hydrophobic.
How do compounds like ethyl alcohol and acetone behave in water?
They are amphipathic and form micelles in the presence of water.
This quiz covers the learning objectives related to water, polarity, hydrogen bonds, covalent and non-covalent bonds, and the importance of water in living organisms. It also discusses the percentage of water on earth and in the human body.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
