8 Questions
What is the purpose of the urea cycle?
Excretion of nitrogen as urea
Which molecule serves as a 'vehicle' for the removal of NH2 groups in transamination?
Glutamate
What is the rate-limiting enzyme in the urea cycle?
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (CPS-1)
Which process involves the excretion of excess bicarbonate (HCO3-)?
Urea synthesis
What is the role of ornithine in the urea cycle?
Substrate in urea cycle
Which molecule is synthesized during the urea cycle?
Arginine
What is the function of N-acetylglutamate in the urea cycle?
Rate-limiting activation of CPS-1
What is the key function of fumarate in the urea cycle?
Synthesis of glucose
Study Notes
- Amino acid catabolism involves deamination, where nitrogen is a crucial building block, leading to nitrogen intake, excretion, and balance.
- Transamination is a process where the amino group is transferred from one amino acid to an α-keto acid by aminotransferases to form glutamate, acting as a "vehicle" for the removal of the NH2-group.
- Oxidative deamination is another biosynthetic process involving the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate, leading to the removal of NH2 through the citric acid cycle.
- Urea cycle in the liver plays a crucial role in excreting nitrogen as urea, involving various steps such as carbamoyl phosphate synthesis, ornithine metabolism, and the synthesis of arginine and fumarate.
- The purpose of the urea cycle includes the excretion of nitrogen as urea, elimination of excess bicarbonate, synthesis of arginine, and production of fumarate.
Test your knowledge on amino acid catabolism, deamination, transamination, and the role of nitrogen in metabolic processes. Explore the processes of nitrogen intake, excretion, and balance in the body, as well as the functions of aminotransferases and glutamate. Challenge yourself with questions on the conversion of amino acids to α-keto acids and the removal of NH2-groups.
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