Amide and Peptide Bonds Quiz

<p>Amines react with HCl to form a salt. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethylamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The reaction always forms an amide. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An amide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form the backbone of proteins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>R-COO- (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are typically less acidic than alcohols. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-dioic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a hydrolysis reaction that forms a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alcohol and carboxylic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aldehydes have one hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon, while ketones have two carbon groups attached. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carboxylate salts are formed when carboxylic acids react with strong bases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydroxy groups are prioritized over aldehyde groups in naming. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3-chloropropanal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of the chain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formaldehyde (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>N (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-al (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Start numbering from the end nearest to the first carbonyl group. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrocarbons consist exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, and alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Butane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A closed loop structure with a consistent bond order (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They release energy when undergoing combustion reactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biochemistry provides the chemical understanding needed to explain biological functions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkenes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C4H6 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium ions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reactions that are crucial for understanding disease and treatment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in the development of more effective medications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All types of learners (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It transitions from basic concepts to advanced biochemical principles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reinforce learning and improve retention. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a general formula of R-OH. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They must have an aromatic ring present. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxidation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a characteristic structure with both a carbonyl and hydroxyl group. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enhance water solubility due to its polarity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An ester is formed from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of oxygen and gain of hydrogen. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carboxylic acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid with a strong base. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of biological processes at the molecular level, combining biology and chemistry.

Specific groups of atoms within molecules that determine the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.

Biochemistry is crucial for advancements in medicine, helping to understand disease processes.

Chemical processes that occur in living organisms, essential for metabolism and function.

Different ways individuals process information; knowing your type can enhance learning effectiveness.

Includes essential elements like Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur (CHNOPS).

Large molecules essential for life, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites that make up the cell.

Organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Molecules that contain carbon and are part of living organisms.

Hydrocarbons with straight or branched chains (includes alkanes, alkenes, alkynes).

Hydrocarbons that contain a benzene ring structure.

Includes alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes based on hydrogen saturation.

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, names organic compounds uniquely.

Examples of aliphatic hydrocarbons, differing by saturation: saturated vs. unsaturated.

Hydrocarbons undergo reactions that release a large amount of energy.

Organic compounds with a carboxyl group (R-COOH) that can act as acids.

A carboxylic acid used to treat pain, reduce fever, and as an anti-inflammatory.

The system for naming compounds; for carboxylic acids, replace -e with -oic + acid.

Carboxylic acids with two carboxyl groups, named by adding -dioic + acid.

The process of forming an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.

Esters have the formula RCOOR’, combining parts of alcohol and carboxylic acid.

Condensation of carboxylic acid and alcohol forms ester and water; hydrolysis reverses it.

The deprotonated form of a carboxylic acid, resulting in a negative charge.

Esters are used in various medications, impacting conditions like heart disease, hypertension, and anesthesia.

Replace the final –e in alkane name with –al, count from carbonyl.

Methanol becomes Methanal when naming as an aldehyde.

Ethane becomes Ethanal in IUPAC nomenclature.

Change -e of alkene name to -al when there's a double bond.

Aldehyde with 3rd carbon having a chlorine substituent.

Aldehydes are used for dyes, pharmaceuticals, and solvents.

Retinal (vitamin A aldehyde) crucial for human vision.

Used for preserving biological tissue and combating viruses.

Amines form salts by accepting a proton from strong mineral acids like HCl.

Amides are formed when a carboxylic acid combines with an amine or ammonia.

An amide bond is between the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid and the hydrogen of an amino group.

Peptide bonds are specific amide bonds formed between two amino acids.

Amides hydrolyze with acid to form carboxylic acids and amine salts; with base to form carboxylic acid salts and amines.

A chart showing the relationships between different functional groups such as amines, amides, and carboxylic acids.

The -COOH group that can react to form amides and is key in acid-base reactions.

The -NH2 group that is a base and can accept protons, forming salts with acids.

Compounds with a hydroxyl group attached to a benzene ring.

The formula for alcohols is R-OH, where R is a carbon chain.

A reaction where alcohol gains oxygen and loses hydrogen.

A reaction where alcohol loses oxygen and gains hydrogen.

Composed of a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group, with general formula R-COOH.

Carboxylic acids behave as acids and deprotonate to form a carboxylate ion.

Names usually end with '-oic acid'.

Alcohols undergo oxidation, esterification, reduction, and dehydration.

Phenols are important components in flavorings and fragrances.