American Yawp Chapter 3 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Who was Reverend Francis Le Jau?

Minister who baptized and educated a substantial number of slaves.

Who was Captain Thomas Phillips?

Ship captain with experience in selling slaves.

What was the Pequot War?

Conflict between English settlers and Pequot Indians over control of land and trade in eastern Connecticut.

What is Curacao?

<p>Dutch plantation colony in the Southern Caribbean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was King Philip's War?

<p>The last significant effort by the Indians of southern New England to drive away English settlers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Middle Passage?

<p>The route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and southern U.S. that carried the slave trade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dysentery?

<p>An infection of the intestines marked by severe diarrhea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Castillo de San Marcos?

<p>Fort St. Augustine, founded in response to the threat Spanish felt after the founding of Charleston, SC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Decree of Sanctuary?

<p>Issued by Spanish, granted freedom to slaves who converted to Catholicism and swore oath of loyalty to Spain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Married Abroad' refer to?

<p>Slaves who are married but live on different plantations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Charles I of England?

<p>King of England 1625-1649; numerous conflicts with Parliament; fought wars with France, Spain, and Scotland.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Causes of the Civil War in England?

<p>Political and economic conflicts between Parliament and Crown, religious tensions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Oliver Cromwell?

<p>English military, political, and religious figure who led the Parliamentarian victory in the English Civil War.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Navigation Act of 1651?

<p>Prohibited Dutch merchants from the colonial trade and gave English traders a monopoly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Glorious Revolution?

<p>A reference to the political events of 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Charles II?

<p>Stuart king during the Restoration, following Cromwell's Interregnum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Lords of Trade and Plantations?

<p>Royal committee established to enforce the mercantile system in the colonies in the 1670s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Dominion of New England?

<p>1686 - The British government combined several colonies into a single province headed by a royal governor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Sir Edmund Andros?

<p>Governor of the Dominion of New England from 1686 until 1692.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Bill of Rights (1689)?

<p>A bill passed by Parliament that limited the powers of British monarchs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Cecilius Calvert?

<p>Founded Maryland, also known as 'Lord Baltimore'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Thomas Hooker?

<p>A Puritan minister who led settlers to Connecticut for more government limits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is New Haven?

<p>Founded in Connecticut by Puritans with a close church government alliance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Roger Williams?

<p>He founded Rhode Island for separation of Church and State.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was William Penn?

<p>A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a peaceful living space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Lord Proprietors?

<p>Owners or rulers of the colony of Carolina after 1663.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was The Sword of the Lord?

<p>Puritan military force that attacked the Pequots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was John Sassamon?

<p>A Christian Indian who warned the English of impending war with the Wampanoags.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Swamp Fight?

<p>Colonial militia fought Native Americans in King Philip's War.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Benjamin Church?

<p>Savior of New England from Metacom and general of the settlers' confederate army.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Salem Witch Trials?

<p>1629 outbreak of witchcraft accusations in a Puritan village.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Metacom?

<p>Native American leader who attacked villages in Massachusetts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Bacon's Rebellion?

<p>1676 rebellion against Governor Berkley for his policies towards the Doeg Indians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Sir William Berkeley?

<p>The royal governor of Virginia who favored large planters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Nathaniel Bacon?

<p>Led poor former indentured servants against Indians and colonial government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Sarah Drummond?

<p>Advocated independence from England and the formation of a Virginian Republic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Popé?

<p>Pueblo religious leader who led an uprising against the Spanish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Yamasee Indians?

<p>Defeated by the South Carolinans in the war of 1715-1716.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Walking Purchase of 1737?

<p>The Lenni Lenape Indians of Pennsylvania lost more land than expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Figures and Events

  • Reverend Francis Le Jau: Minister known for baptizing and educating many enslaved individuals.
  • Captain Thomas Phillips: Experienced ship captain involved in the slave trade.
  • Pequot War: 1636-1638 conflict for land and trade control between English settlers and Pequot Indians in Connecticut.
  • King Philip's War: Significant conflict (1675-1676) led by Metacom, or King Philip, as Native Americans fought to expel English settlers from southern New England.

Slave Trade and Colonial Life

  • Middle Passage: The transatlantic route transporting enslaved Africans to the Caribbean and southern U.S., often marked by horrific conditions.
  • Dysentery: Common affliction among slaves during the Middle Passage, characterized by severe diarrhea.
  • Married Abroad: Enslaved individuals married yet living on separate plantations faced challenges in maintaining family ties.

Colonial Governance

  • Castillo de San Marcos: Fort built in St. Augustine, Florida, as a defensive response to the establishment of Charleston, SC.
  • Decree of Sanctuary: Spanish law offering freedom to slaves who converted to Catholicism and pledged loyalty to Spain.
  • Lords of Trade and Plantations: Royal committee founded to oversee colonial affairs and enforce mercantile practices.

Wars and Conflicts

  • Great Swamp Fight: Part of King Philip's War, where colonial militias encountered Native Americans.
  • Bacon's Rebellion (1676): Uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia Governor Berkeley's policies, indicating tensions between frontiersmen and the colonial government.

Religious and Political Influences

  • Thomas Hooker: Puritan leader advocating for limited government power and migration to Connecticut for governance reforms.
  • Roger Williams: Founding figure of Rhode Island, promoting separation of church and state.
  • William Penn: Quaker who established Pennsylvania to promote religious freedom and peace.

Political Changes in England

  • Charles I (1600-1649): His reign saw political conflicts with Parliament, leading to English Civil War and his execution.
  • Oliver Cromwell: Military leader instrumental in the Parliamentary victory in the Civil War, later ruled England as lord protector.
  • Glorious Revolution (1688-1689): Transition of power to Mary and William of Orange, establishing constitutional limits on monarchy.

Colonial Structures and Rebellions

  • Dominion of New England (1686): Political consolidation of several New England colonies under a royal governor, ending with popular revolt against Governor Andros.
  • Bill of Rights (1689): Legislation ensuring parliamentary powers and Protestant succession in England.
  • Sarah Drummond: Advocate for Virginia's independence and the establishment of a separate republic.

Indigenous Resistance

  • Popé: Pueblo leader who significantly challenged Spanish rule, symbolizing Native resistance against colonial powers.
  • Yamasee War (1715-1716): Defeat of Yamasee Indians, significantly diminishing coastal tribes in the southern colonies.
  • Walking Purchase of 1737: Disputed land deal where Lenni Lenape Indians lost territory due to manipulated agreements by colonial authorities.

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Test your knowledge of key figures and events from Chapter 3 of the American Yawp. This set of flashcards covers important topics such as Reverend Francis Le Jau, Captain Thomas Phillips, and the Pequot War. Perfect for students studying early American history.

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