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Questions and Answers
What was the Battle of Gettysburg known for?
What was the Battle of Gettysburg known for?
What event is considered the turning point of the Civil War in the West?
What event is considered the turning point of the Civil War in the West?
Vicksburg
Who was the commander of the Union Army after the Battle of Vicksburg?
Who was the commander of the Union Army after the Battle of Vicksburg?
General Grant
The Homestead Act of 1862 allowed a settler to acquire 160 acres by living on it for five years, improving it and paying about $______.
The Homestead Act of 1862 allowed a settler to acquire 160 acres by living on it for five years, improving it and paying about $______.
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What was the purpose of the Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)?
What was the purpose of the Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)?
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What did the Pacific Railway Act promote?
What did the Pacific Railway Act promote?
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What role did Southern women play during the Civil War?
What role did Southern women play during the Civil War?
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What happened at Cold Harbor in June 1864?
What happened at Cold Harbor in June 1864?
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When did Sherman capture Atlanta, GA?
When did Sherman capture Atlanta, GA?
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What was the significance of Lee's surrender to Grant?
What was the significance of Lee's surrender to Grant?
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What effect did the Civil War have on the United States?
What effect did the Civil War have on the United States?
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Which of the following were advantages of the North during the Civil War?
Which of the following were advantages of the North during the Civil War?
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What strategy did the Southern military primarily use?
What strategy did the Southern military primarily use?
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What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?
What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?
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Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation?
Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation?
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What incident led to the Draft Riots of 1863?
What incident led to the Draft Riots of 1863?
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What happened to Lincoln on April 14, 1865?
What happened to Lincoln on April 14, 1865?
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What was the Trent Affair?
What was the Trent Affair?
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What was the fate of Major Henry Wirz?
What was the fate of Major Henry Wirz?
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What was one of the effects of the Civil War?
What was one of the effects of the Civil War?
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Study Notes
Key Battles and Strategies
- Battle of Gettysburg (1863): Bloodiest battle of the Civil War; decisive Southern defeat marked the Confederacy's decline.
- Vicksburg (1863): Northern victory led by Ulysses S. Grant; crucial for controlling the Mississippi River, shifting the war's momentum.
- Cold Harbor (1864): Union losses at this Virginia stronghold exemplified the brutal nature of warfare; Grant's army suffered heavy casualties in minutes.
Military Leaders and Events
- General Ulysses S. Grant: Assumed command of the Union Army after Vicksburg; pivotal in leading forces to victory.
- Sherman's Campaign in Georgia: Aimed to destroy Southern resources and demoralize citizens, leading to mass desertion and Lincoln's re-election.
- April 9, 1865: Lee's surrender to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse marked the Civil War's conclusion.
Legislation and Land Acts
- Homestead Act of 1862: Allowed settlers to acquire 160 acres by living on and improving land for five years, promoting westward expansion.
- Morrill Land Grant Act (1862): Transferred public land to states for funding agricultural colleges, fostering education in farming and sciences.
- Pacific Railway Act (1862): Facilitated the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad through government support and land grants.
Societal Impact
- Southern Women's Roles: Actively managed farms, served as nurses, and took on clerical roles, becoming essential to the survival of their communities.
- Effect of the Civil War: Over 600,000 casualties and significant property loss reshaped societal and political landscapes; solidified the U.S. as a unified nation.
Civil Rights and Legal Matters
- Emancipation Proclamation (1862): Declared freedom for all slaves in Confederate states, transforming the Civil War into a fight for abolition.
- Habeas Corpus: Legal principle that protects against unlawful detention, relevant during wartime civil rights debates.
Economic Challenges and Military Strategies
- Southern Cons: Overwhelming Northern military might, economic blockades, inflation, and dwindling resources crippled the Southern war effort.
- Southern Military Strategy: Adopted a defensive approach, focusing on retaining control over existing territories rather than seeking new conquests.
Important Figures and Events
- Jefferson Davis: President of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865; jailed in 1867.
- Lincoln's Assassination (April 14, 1865): Shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre, exacerbating national trauma following the war.
- Draft Riots of 1863: Protests against conscription highlighted class and racial tensions, particularly in New York City.
Notable Battles
- Bull Run: First major battle of the Civil War; Confederate victory that shocked the North and suggested a longer conflict ahead.
- Antietam (1862): Considered a tactical draw but a strategic Union victory, influencing foreign policy against Confederate recognition.
Additional Information
- Trent Affair (1861): Diplomatic incident that nearly brought Britain into the conflict; Lincoln's release of Confederate diplomats quelled tensions.
- Major Henry Wirz: Commanded Andersonville prison; executed for war crimes against Union soldiers.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Chapter 14 of the American Yawp. This chapter covers critical events such as the Battle of Gettysburg and the Siege of Vicksburg, which were pivotal in the American Civil War. Prepare to reinforce your understanding of key figures and battles from this significant period in American history.
