American Yawp Chapter 14 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What was the Battle of Gettysburg known for?

A naval battle

The first battle of the Civil War

A major Southern victory

The bloodiest overall battle of the Civil War (correct)

What event is considered the turning point of the Civil War in the West?

Vicksburg

Who was the commander of the Union Army after the Battle of Vicksburg?

General Grant

The Homestead Act of 1862 allowed a settler to acquire 160 acres by living on it for five years, improving it and paying about $______.

30 Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)?

To transfer public acreage to state governments for establishing agricultural colleges. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Pacific Railway Act promote?

Construction of the Transcontinental Railroad. Signup and view all the answers

What role did Southern women play during the Civil War?

Oversaw slaves and maintained farms Signup and view all the answers

What happened at Cold Harbor in June 1864?

Grant's army lost 7,000 soldiers in minutes Signup and view all the answers

When did Sherman capture Atlanta, GA?

September 2, 1864 Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Lee's surrender to Grant?

End of the Civil War Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the Civil War have on the United States?

Both A and C Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following were advantages of the North during the Civil War?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What strategy did the Southern military primarily use?

Fought on the defensive. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?

It prevented British and French intervention Signup and view all the answers

Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation?

Abraham Lincoln Signup and view all the answers

What incident led to the Draft Riots of 1863?

The draft law focused on conscription but exempted the wealthy. Signup and view all the answers

What happened to Lincoln on April 14, 1865?

He was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Trent Affair?

A diplomatic incident that threatened British involvement in the Civil War. Signup and view all the answers

What was the fate of Major Henry Wirz?

He was executed for cruelty towards prisoners. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the effects of the Civil War?

The belief that the United States was now viewed as a nation and not a union of states. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Battles and Strategies

Battle of Gettysburg (1863): Bloodiest battle of the Civil War; decisive Southern defeat marked the Confederacy's decline.
Vicksburg (1863): Northern victory led by Ulysses S. Grant; crucial for controlling the Mississippi River, shifting the war's momentum.
Cold Harbor (1864): Union losses at this Virginia stronghold exemplified the brutal nature of warfare; Grant's army suffered heavy casualties in minutes.

Military Leaders and Events

General Ulysses S. Grant: Assumed command of the Union Army after Vicksburg; pivotal in leading forces to victory.
Sherman's Campaign in Georgia: Aimed to destroy Southern resources and demoralize citizens, leading to mass desertion and Lincoln's re-election.
April 9, 1865: Lee's surrender to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse marked the Civil War's conclusion.

Legislation and Land Acts

Homestead Act of 1862: Allowed settlers to acquire 160 acres by living on and improving land for five years, promoting westward expansion.
Morrill Land Grant Act (1862): Transferred public land to states for funding agricultural colleges, fostering education in farming and sciences.
Pacific Railway Act (1862): Facilitated the construction of the Transcontinental Railroad through government support and land grants.

Societal Impact

Southern Women's Roles: Actively managed farms, served as nurses, and took on clerical roles, becoming essential to the survival of their communities.
Effect of the Civil War: Over 600,000 casualties and significant property loss reshaped societal and political landscapes; solidified the U.S. as a unified nation.

Civil Rights and Legal Matters

Emancipation Proclamation (1862): Declared freedom for all slaves in Confederate states, transforming the Civil War into a fight for abolition.
Habeas Corpus: Legal principle that protects against unlawful detention, relevant during wartime civil rights debates.

Economic Challenges and Military Strategies

Southern Cons: Overwhelming Northern military might, economic blockades, inflation, and dwindling resources crippled the Southern war effort.
Southern Military Strategy: Adopted a defensive approach, focusing on retaining control over existing territories rather than seeking new conquests.

Important Figures and Events

Jefferson Davis: President of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865; jailed in 1867.
Lincoln's Assassination (April 14, 1865): Shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theatre, exacerbating national trauma following the war.
Draft Riots of 1863: Protests against conscription highlighted class and racial tensions, particularly in New York City.

Notable Battles

Bull Run: First major battle of the Civil War; Confederate victory that shocked the North and suggested a longer conflict ahead.
Antietam (1862): Considered a tactical draw but a strategic Union victory, influencing foreign policy against Confederate recognition.

Additional Information

Trent Affair (1861): Diplomatic incident that nearly brought Britain into the conflict; Lincoln's release of Confederate diplomats quelled tensions.
Major Henry Wirz: Commanded Andersonville prison; executed for war crimes against Union soldiers.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Chapter 14 of the American Yawp. This chapter covers critical events such as the Battle of Gettysburg and the Siege of Vicksburg, which were pivotal in the American Civil War. Prepare to reinforce your understanding of key figures and battles from this significant period in American history.