American Transformation 1865-1900

The period between the end of the Civil War and the late 19th century, characterized by rapid economic and technological advancements.

A key development of the Post-Civil War Era, where railroads spanned the entire US, connecting the east and west coasts.

The emergence of large-scale industries and manufacturing, transforming the American economy.

A period of rapid change where technology and the economy rapidly changed the way people lived and worked.

The period after the Civil War when Native American tribes on the Great Plains were forcefully relocated to reservations.

Government intervention to control the use of natural resources, like land and water.

Large companies with significant market power, often controlling entire industries.

A shift in government policy from limited intervention to active involvement in regulating businesses and the economy.

The rapid growth and expansion of industries like oil and steel during the late 19th century, driven by technological advancements and entrepreneurship.

The creation of enormous urban areas fueled by the need for workers in new industries.

Entrepreneurs who built massive wealth by establishing and expanding industries during the Industrial Revolution.

The movement of individuals from rural areas to cities in search of work opportunities during the Industrial Revolution, driven by the allure of jobs in expanding industries.

The influx of immigrants from Europe and other regions to the United States, seeking economic opportunities and escaping hardships in their home countries.

The expanding scale and influence of government in providing essential services to meet the needs of a booming urban population, including transportation, education, and sanitation.

The tension and conflict that emerged as workers and businesses struggled to adapt to the changing economic and social landscape of the Industrial Revolution.

The violent protests and strikes by workers demanding better conditions and fair treatment from employers during the Industrial Revolution, often resulting in clashes with law enforcement and company owners.

A period in American history from 1869-1896 marked by significant economic growth but also significant political inaction and corruption.

The rapid development of industries, factories, and technology in the late 19th century, transforming American society and economy.

A period of significant economic growth and expansion in the United States, characterized by rapid industrialization and urbanization.

The societal and cultural changes that accompanied rapid industrialization in the United States, including growth of cities, increased migration, and social problems.

The inability of the government to effectively address important social and economic issues during the Gilded Age, often attributed to political corruption and inaction.

The period in American history from 1869-1896 is often called the Gilded Age because of its outward appearance of prosperity, masking significant social and economic problems.

Chicago was a major hub of industrialization in the late 19th century, earning the nickname "Lord of the Midwest" due to its economic prominence.

Rapid industrialization and urbanization spurred a debate about the government's responsibilities in domestic and international affairs.

A group of Republicans who sought to break away from the traditional party and reform its practices.

The editor of the New York Tribune who was nominated for president by both the Liberal Republicans and the Democrats in the 1872 election.

The dominant political party in the 1870s, led by President Ulysses S. Grant, seeking to maintain its power.

A group of Democrats who endorsed Horace Greeley for President in 1872, a move considered foolish and counterproductive.

The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War, which involved issues such as reintegration of former Confederate states, civil rights for African Americans, and the political and economic future of the region.

A strategy of political campaigning involving intense and sometimes unfair accusations, insults, and attacks on opponents.

A political strategy where a party cleans up its own image and addresses its flaws before facing criticism from opponents.

A political act where the government pardons political offenders and restores their rights.

A period marked by close elections with frequent shifts in power between the two major parties in the House of Representatives.

The act of reducing the amount of money in circulation, which can slow economic growth.

A landmark law that allowed the US government to print paper money as legal tender, challenged by a Supreme Court ruling declaring it unconstitutional.

A period of limited government intervention in the economy during the post-Civil War era.

The Supreme Court's ability to review and strike down laws it deems unconstitutional.

A political strategy of appointing judges who share the president's political views.

A system where government jobs are awarded based on merit and qualifications, not political connections.

The disagreement between the two major political parties (Democrats and Republicans) on issues like tariffs and civil service reform, reflecting their differing ideologies.

A political system where government jobs are given in exchange for votes and support.

A powerful fraternal organization of Union veterans from the Civil War who heavily favoured the Republican party.

The Republican Party's nickname, highlighting its long history and strong support among Union veterans.

The practice of providing government jobs and other benefits to loyal supporters in exchange for political support.

The practice of using political power for personal gain, often through the distribution of jobs or benefits.

Union veterans' strong support for the Republican Party during the post-Civil War era, contributing significantly to their political dominance.

The influence of a powerful group or organization on political decisions, often due to their significant numbers or resources.

The Republican Party's success in the post-Civil War era, driven by factors such as their support among Union veterans and their effective use of patronage.