American Revolutionary History

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Questions and Answers

What was the main purpose of the Daughters of Liberty?

  • To govern Massachusetts
  • To promote the Intolerable Acts
  • To boycott British goods (correct)
  • To support British trade

The Intolerable Acts were intended to punish the Bostonians and restrict their self-governance.

True (A)

What was the significance of the First Continental Congress held in Philadelphia in 1774?

To discuss the repeal of the Intolerable Acts and assert the rights of the colonies.

The British government imposed the _____ Act, which taxed sugar, coffee, and molasses upon entry into the colonies.

<p>Sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events or items with their descriptions:

<p>Tar and feather = A punishment method used by protesters Coercive Acts = Laws passed to punish Bostonians Daughters of Liberty = Group protesting British goods First Continental Congress = Meeting to discuss colonial rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Sugar Act?

<p>To raise money for England due to the French and Indian War (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonists were in favor of taxation without representation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Stamp Act tax?

<p>It taxed materials such as land deeds, marriage licenses, newspapers, diplomas, playing cards, and other paper materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ________ were formed to take direct action against the Stamp Act and were known for vandalizing homes of stamp collectors.

<p>Sons of Liberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following acts to their descriptions:

<p>Sugar Act = Tax on items containing sugar Stamp Act = Taxed printed materials Townshend Acts = Tax on tea, glass, and other imports Tea Act = Granting the monopoly on tea sales</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which British Prime Minister thought that the money raised by the Sugar Act should be used for defense and the development of the colonies?

<p>George Greenville (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonists reacted to the Stamp Act with petitions and peaceful protests.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The British response to colonial smuggling was to ________ on smugglers to enforce taxation.

<p>crack down</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Stamp Act passed in 1765?

<p>To raise revenue for British soldiers stationed in the colonies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonists supported the Quartering Act that required them to house British soldiers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one prominent figure who opposed the Stamp Act and helped inspire protests.

<p>Patrick Henry</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colonists' main grievance against the British government was _____ without representation.

<p>taxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following acts to their purposes:

<p>Sugar Act = Taxed sugar and products containing sugar Currency Act = Controlled the colonial economy Townshend Acts = Placed duties on various goods Stamp Act = Required printed materials to have a government stamp</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of colonists to the Quartering Act?

<p>They protested against providing housing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Navigation Acts benefitted colonial merchants primarily.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Proclamation of 1763 require colonists to do?

<p>Stay east of the Appalachian Mountains</p> Signup and view all the answers

The phrase 'no taxation without representation' reflects colonists' belief about _____ in Parliament.

<p>representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Sons of Liberty?

<p>Colonists who led protests against British policies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What act was repealed in March 1766 after significant American boycotts?

<p>The Stamp Act (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Declaratory Act stated that the colonies were independent of British Parliament.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event on March 5, 1770, involved British soldiers shooting into a crowd in Boston?

<p>The Boston Massacre</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Tea Act of 1773 gave a monopoly on tea sales to the __________ Company.

<p>East India</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their descriptions:

<p>Boston Massacre = British soldiers shot into a crowd of colonists Boston Tea Party = Colonists dumped tea into the harbor Stamp Act = Tax on all printed materials Coercive Acts = Punishments for the Boston Tea Party</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was an outcome of the Townshend Acts?

<p>Colonial boycotting of goods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Intolerable Acts aimed to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason the British Parliament did not want to repeal the Stamp Act initially?

<p>They did not want to appear weak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under the Quartering Act, colonists were forced to supply soldiers with __________.

<p>housing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the acts with their effects:

<p>Stamp Act = Tax on printed materials Townshend Acts = Indirect taxes on imports Tea Act = Monopoly on tea sales Coercive Acts = Closed Boston Harbor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the colonists do in response to the Tea Act?

<p>Dumped tea into the harbor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Coercive Acts were also known as the Intolerable Acts.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary action did the First Continental Congress take in response to British actions?

<p>They passed resolutions against the British.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Charles Townshend was the British __________ minister who influenced the Townshend Acts.

<p>finance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

The Sugar Act of 1764

A tax on sugar, coffee, and molasses paid upon entry into the colonies. This was an indirect tax as the tax was included in the price of the goods.

Daughters of Liberty

Groups of colonial women who boycotted British goods, particularly tea and clothing, in protest against British policies.

Coercive Acts

A series of laws passed by the British Parliament to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party, also known as the Intolerable Acts in the colonies.

First Continental Congress

The first meeting of colonial delegates from all 13 colonies (except Georgia) in Philadelphia in 1774, to discuss the Intolerable Acts and assert colonial rights.

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Tar and Feathering

A method used by angry protesters to publicly punish individuals who supported British taxes, involving coating the victim in tar and feathers.

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Sugar Act

A tax imposed on imported goods containing sugar, aimed at raising funds for England after the French and Indian War.

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Taxation Without Representation

The colonists' opposition to the Sugar Act, arguing that they were being taxed without having any representatives in the British Parliament to voice their concerns.

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Stamp Act

A direct tax levied on various paper materials, including legal documents, playing cards, and newspapers, requiring a stamp to signify payment.

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Sons of Liberty

A group formed in response to the Stamp Act, advocating for direct action against British policies and engaging in protests and vandalism.

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Boycott of British Goods

The colonists' refusal to purchase British goods as a form of protest against the Stamp Act, aiming to economically pressure Britain.

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Colonial Resolutions

Assemblies established by colonial governments to send formal complaints and resolutions to the British Parliament, expressing their opposition to the Stamp Act.

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Stamp Act Riots

Actions taken by the colonists to express their disapproval of the Stamp Act, including protests, riots, and the destruction of property.

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Stamp Act Congress

A meeting of representatives from nine of the thirteen colonies, formed to discuss and oppose the Stamp Act, demonstrating a growing sense of colonial unity.

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Proclamation of 1763

The Proclamation of 1763 was a law issued by the King that required colonists to stay east of a line along the crest of the Appalachian Mountains. This was intended to prevent further conflict with Native American tribes.

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Colonial Reaction to Proclamation of 1763

The colonists objected to the Proclamation of 1763 because they believed they had the right to settle in the western territories. They felt it was unfair to be restricted from expanding westward.

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Quartering Act

The Quartering Act required colonists to provide housing and food for British soldiers stationed in the colonies. Colonists resented this as an imposition on their rights and a symbol of British control.

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Patrick Henry's Resolutions

Patrick Henry was a young politician who delivered a series of resolutions to the Virginia House of Burgesses. These resolutions argued that colonists had the right to tax themselves and that the British Parliament had no right to impose taxes on them without their consent. His passionate speech contributed to the growing opposition to the Stamp Act.

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Townshend Acts

The Townshend Acts were passed in 1767 to impose duties on imports such as tea, glass, paper, lead, and paint. These taxes were designed to raise revenue to pay the salaries of colonial officials and to help reduce Britain's debt.

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Writs of Assistance

Writs of assistance were search warrants that allowed British officials to search colonial homes and businesses for smuggled goods. Colonists strongly opposed these writs, seeing them as a violation of their rights to privacy and property.

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The Townshend Acts

A series of British laws imposed on the American colonies, aiming to increase British revenue and assert parliamentary authority. It included taxes on goods like glass, paper, lead, paint, and tea.

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The Declaratory Act

An act passed by the British Parliament in 1766 that declared Parliament's right to make laws for the colonies in all cases whatsoever. This was meant to reassert parliamentary authority after the repeal of the Stamp Act.

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The Intolerable Acts/Coercive Acts

A response to the Boston Tea Party, a series of acts passed by the British Parliament to punish the colonists for their disobedience. These acts included closing the port of Boston until the tea was paid for, suspending the colonial government, and forcing colonists to quarter British soldiers.

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The Boston Massacre

A riot that took place on March 5, 1770, where British soldiers fired upon a crowd of colonists in Boston, killing five people. This event further intensified tensions between the colonists and British authorities.

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The Boston Tea Party

A protest by colonists in Boston where they dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor. This act was a response to the Tea Act, which was seen as a monopoly granted by the British government to the East India Company.

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Committees of Correspondence

Colonist groups that organized secret meetings and correspondence networks to discuss ways to challenge British laws. They played a pivotal role in uniting colonist resistance.

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The Tea Act

An act passed by the British Parliament in 1773 that granted the East India Company a monopoly on tea sales in the colonies. It was an attempt to bail out the East India Company and provide colonists with cheaper tea but backfired.

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The Stamp Act

This was a direct tax imposed by the British Parliament on the American colonies requiring colonists to pay a tax on all printed materials like legal documents, newspapers, and playing cards.

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Colonial Boycotts

A response to the Townshend Acts, colonists boycotted British goods, especially taxed goods, in protest of British policies. They also boycotted British goods.

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The Declaratory Act's Impact on Colonists

The colonists viewed this statement as an attempt by Parliament to control their lives and impose laws without their consent. They were unhappy about being told they were subordinate to the British Parliament.

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Consequences of Colonial Boycotts on British Exporters

This act caused significant financial loss for British exporters as colonists refused to buy their goods. It highlighted the power of colonial boycotts in influencing British policy.

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The First Continental Congress

The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies, held in Philadelphia in 1774 to plan a response to the Intolerable Acts. They passed resolutions demanding the repeal of the Intolerable Acts, a boycott of British goods, and organized a continental association to enforce the boycott.

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The Quartering Act

An act that required the colonists to provide housing, food, supplies, and transportation for British soldiers stationed in the colonies. This was seen as a burden and further fueled resentment against British rule.

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Indirect Tax

This policy meant imposing taxes on goods that colonists were already buying. It was a means to collect revenue from the colonies without directly taxing them. It was not as directly felt as a stamp tax, but still angered the colonists.

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Study Notes

Limits on Freedom

  • Militias comprised local men for local protection
  • British colonies allowed local voting for legislatures
  • King George III and British Parliament viewed colonies as supporting the mother country
  • British wanted control over North American colonies
  • High cost of the British-Indian War led to debt

Taxation Without Representation

  • French and Indian War was costly
  • Britain kept 10,000 soldiers in the colonies
  • Revenue needed for colonies
  • King George III ruled for 59 years
  • Sugar Act taxed imported sugar products
  • Currency Act controlled colonial currency
  • Colonial grievances voiced
  • Mercantilism prioritized British wealth
  • Navigation Acts regulated colonial trade
  • Colonists resented taxation without representation
  • Colonists opposed taxation without colonial representation in Parliament

Stamp Act

  • Stamp Act of 1765 sparked protests over printed materials taxation
  • Designed to raise revenue for British troops
  • Provoked widespread protest in the colonies

Colonial Protests Grow

  • British attempted to raise revenue through other taxes
  • Townshend Acts imposed duties on various goods (tea, glass, paper, lead, paint)
  • Colonial salaries and judges were now financed by colonial taxes
  • Colonists protested British government's actions
  • Colonists strongly influenced by John Locke's philosophy of individual rights
  • Sons of Liberty organized protests against British policies
  • Organized boycotts of British goods to protest taxes

Preparing to Fight

  • Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts) aimed to punish Boston
  • Boston Port Act closed Boston Harbor until damages were paid
  • Massachusetts lost self-governance
  • Massachusetts Assembly disbanded
  • New Quartering Act required colonists to house British troops

The Sugar Act

  • Description: Tax on sugar, coffee, and molasses. Taxed items upon entry into colonies
  • Indirect tax, built into the price of goods.
  • Tax on items containing sugar.
  • Meant to recoup losses from the French and Indian War
  • British used tax revenue to finance colonies' defense. Colonists disliked this approach
  • Revenue needed to run the colonies
  • Colonists resisted being taxed without representation

The Stamp Act

  • Description: Tax on printed materials (legal documents, playing cards, etc.)
  • Forced colonists to pay direct tax for using paper
  • Colonists protested in letters to parliament, rioting, and boycotting British imports
  • Colonial governments wrote resolutions to British parliament

The Declaratory Act

  • Description: British Parliament had the right to pass any laws concerning the colonies.
  • British declared colonies were subordinate to British Parliament

The Townshend Acts

  • Description: Tax on imported goods (glass, paper, lead, paint, tea)
  • Revenue to pay colonial officials
  • Colonists protested the tax
  • Colonists boycotted British products
  • Massachusetts legislature issued a statement of protest that was sent to other colonies

The Boston Massacre

  • Description: British soldiers fired on colonists protesting British presence
  • Increased tension between colonists and British officials
  • Fueled colonial resentment against British policies

The Tea Act

  • Description: East India Company given monopoly on tea sales to reduce their debt
  • Colonists saw this as a way to take control of the market
  • Britain lowered the price of tea more than smugglers
  • Boston Tea Party (December 16, 1773) resulted
  • Colonists dumped British tea into the harbor to protest the Tea Act

The Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts)

  • Description: Series of punitive laws imposed on Massachusetts as punishment for Boston Tea Party
  • Closed Boston Harbor
  • Suspended the Massachusetts legislature
  • Increased the Quartering Act
  • British Parliament declared Massachusetts as in a state of rebellion

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