Questions and Answers
While assessing an unresponsive adult who has been pulled from the water, you find that the patient has only occasional gasps, no definitive pulse and no severe life-threatening bleeding. Which of the following should you do next?
An adult choking victim becomes unresponsive after 7 abdominal thrusts. You lay them on the floor. The next step you should do is to:
You are performing chest compressions on a six-year-old. You should be compressing the chest to what depth?
About 2 inches
How should you place your hands when performing chest compressions on an infant during CPR with two trained responders?
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When possible, why is 2-responder ventilation with a bag-valve-mask preferred?
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Your initial impression of a patient is based on?
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In the case of an infant that is apneic and pulseless, and another person is doing compressions, how many ventilations do you need to perform?
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If you notice a nine-year-old girl who cannot cough, speak, or make any gestures, what should you do?
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If there is a risk of the AED pads touching each other, such as with a small child or an infant, what should you do?
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While performing CPR on an adult, what should you do when a 2nd trained responder arrives with an AED?
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To ensure effective chest compressions during CPR, allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions is most appropriate.
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Your initial impression reveals life-threatening bleeding in an adult patient who appears to be unresponsive. What should be your next step?
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Why is full chest recoil necessary for successful resuscitation?
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When assessing an adult patient you feel a distinct pulse, but the patient has no normal breathing. What is your next step to provide care?
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You are about to apply AED pads to a victim's chest when you notice that the victim has several body piercings with jewelry on his chest. What should you do?
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When providing ventilations for an adult patient with an advanced airway in place, how should you proceed?
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The cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in a 2-responder CPR for a 6-year-old is?
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When using an AED, adult pads may be used on an infant if pediatric pads are not available.
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All of these are components of checking the scene EXCEPT:
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When ensuring effective chest compressions during CPR, allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions is most appropriate.
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The best compressions rate for an 8-year-old would be?
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Study Notes
Basic Life Support (BLS) Key Concepts
- Unresponsive Adult Assessment: If an unresponsive adult has occasional gasps, no pulse, and no severe bleeding, provide 2 ventilations and start CPR.
- Choking Situations: If an adult choking victim becomes unresponsive after abdominal thrusts, expose the chest and begin chest compressions.
- Compression Depth for Children: During CPR on a six-year-old, compress the chest to a depth of about 2 inches.
Techniques for Infants and Children
- Infant Hand Placement: For CPR on an infant with two trained responders, use the encircling thumbs technique just below the nipple line.
- Ventilation Preference: Use 2-responder ventilation with a bag-valve-mask when possible, as it allows one rescuer to maintain a mask seal effectively.
Initial Assessment and Impressions
- Initial Patient Impression: This is based on the patient’s appearance and overall scene assessment when first encountering the patient.
CPR and Ventilation Protocols
- Ventilation Timing for Infants: For an apneic and pulseless infant receiving compressions, provide 2 ventilations after every 15 compressions.
- Consent in Emergencies: When observing a child in distress who cannot cough or gesture, begin care as consent is implied.
AED Use and Child Safety
- AED Pad Placement for Small Patients: If AED pads might overlap on an infant or small child, place one pad on the chest’s front and the other on the back.
- AED with CPR: When a 2nd trained responder arrives with an AED, continue CPR while they activate the AED and apply pads.
Effective Compressions and Ventilation
- Importance of Chest Recoil: Full chest recoil is essential for effective resuscitation to ensure complete heart filling.
- CPR Compression Ratio: In a 2-responder CPR scenario for a 6-year-old, perform 15 chest compressions followed by 2 ventilations.
Adult Resuscitation Specifics
- Adult Respiratory Care: If an adult has a pulse but no normal breathing, provide 1 ventilation every 5-6 seconds.
- Jewelry and AED Use: Avoid placing AED pads directly over any jewelry on the victim’s chest.
Ventilation Techniques for Adults
- Advanced Airway Protocol: When an advanced airway is in place for an adult, provide continuous compressions with 1 ventilation every 6 seconds.
Additional BLS Considerations
- Checking the Scene: When assessing a scene, do not include checking for responsiveness as a component of this evaluation.
- Using AED Pads: Adult AED pads can be used on infants if pediatric pads are unavailable.
- Optimal Compression Rate: The ideal compression rate for an 8-year-old during CPR is 114 compressions per minute.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Basic Life Support (BLS) principles from the American Red Cross. Each card presents a scenario requiring your knowledge of emergency response and CPR techniques. Perfect for healthcare providers and anyone interested in mastering BLS skills.
