American Pageant Chapter 37 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is The Feminine Mystique?

  • A novel about suburban life
  • A best-selling book by Betty Friedan (correct)
  • A scientific journal
  • A political manifesto

    • What musical style is characterized as a crossover that rose to dominance in the 1950s?

    rock 'n' roll

    What was the Checkers Speech?

    A nationally televised address by Richard Nixon defending himself against corruption accusations.

    What is McCarthyism?

    <p>A brand of anti-communism associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the Army-McCarthy hearings?

    <p>Congressional hearings where McCarthy accused army members of communist ties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Jim Crow refer to?

    <p>A system of racial segregation in the South</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event sparked the Montgomery bus boycott?

    <p>Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat on a public bus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What landmark decision did Brown v. Board of Education overturn?

    <p>Plessy v. Ferguson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization was founded by southern black students in 1960?

    <p>Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Operation Wetback?

    <p>A government program to deport illegal Mexican migrant workers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Federal Highway Act of 1956 aim to accomplish?

    <p>Construct modern highways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the policy of boldness?

    <p>A foreign policy objective aimed at confronting Soviet Union aggression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event does the term Hungarian uprising refer to?

    <p>Demonstrations against the Soviet Union in Hungary in 1956.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant military engagement occurred at Dien Bien Phu?

    <p>French forces were defeated by Viet Minh nationalists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What international crisis was launched by Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal?

    <p>Suez crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is OPEC?

    <p>Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Sputnik?

    <p>The first satellite launched into Earth's orbit by the Soviet Union.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the kitchen debate?

    <p>A televised exchange between Nixon and Khrushchev about capitalism and communism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is abstract expressionism?

    <p>An experimental style of modern art exemplified by Jackson Pollock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the International Style in architecture?

    <p>A modernist architectural style known for steel-and-glass designs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Beat Generation advocate?

    <p>Bemoaned bourgeois conformity and promoted experimentalism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who initiated the Southern Renaissance?

    <p>William Faulkner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Dwight D. Eisenhower?

    <p>The 34th president of the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant political role did Richard M. Nixon hold?

    <p>37th President of the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who authored The Feminine Mystique?

    <p>Betty Friedan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Elvis Presley?

    <p>A Memphis-born singer and an icon of rock 'n' roll.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Joseph McCarthy become infamously known for?

    <p>Accusing the State Department of employing communists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Rosa Parks play in the Civil Rights Movement?

    <p>She sparked the Montgomery bus boycott.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Martin Luther King Jr.?

    <p>A civil rights leader and Baptist preacher.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Earl Warren's role in the U.S. government?

    <p>Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was John Foster Dulles?

    <p>Secretary of State under President Eisenhower.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Nikita Khrushchev?

    <p>Premier of the Soviet Union.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Ho Chi Minh?

    <p>Vietnamese revolutionary nationalist leader.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Gamal Abdel Nasser known for?

    <p>His pan-Arab nationalism and nationalizing the Suez Canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Fidel Castro?

    <p>Cuban revolutionary and leader.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was John F. Kennedy?

    <p>35th President of the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Lyndon B. Johnson?

    <p>36th President of the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Jackson Pollock?

    <p>A painter known for his action paintings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Andy Warhol?

    <p>A prominent 'Pop' artist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Eero Saarinen?

    <p>An architect known for modernist designs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Jack Kerouac?

    <p>Novelist and leader of the Beat Generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Allen Ginsberg?

    <p>A poet and spokesman for the Beat Generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Arthur Miller?

    <p>A playwright known for critiquing American materialism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Ralph Ellison?

    <p>A novelist best known for 'Invisible Man'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Feminine Mystique

    • Written by Betty Friedan, this influential book ignited second-wave feminism, urging women to transcend traditional suburban housewifery roles.

    Rock 'n' Roll

    • A significant musical genre from the 1950s that fused black rhythm and blues with white bluegrass and country, defining the era's youth culture through its energetic beats.

    Checkers Speech

    • A pivotal televised address by Richard Nixon in 1952, where he defended against corruption allegations, reinforcing his position on the presidential ticket.

    McCarthyism

    • A politically charged movement during the early 1950s led by Senator Joseph McCarthy, marked by unfounded accusations against many, stoking fear and paranoia about communism.

    Army-McCarthy Hearings

    • High-profile congressional hearings initiated by McCarthy to investigate alleged communist connections within the military, ultimately leading to public backlash and McCarthy's disgrace.

    Jim Crow

    • Racial segregation laws enforced in the Southern United States until the mid-20th century, based on the "separate but equal" doctrine, resulting in widespread discrimination and inequality.

    Montgomery Bus Boycott

    • A year-long protest against bus segregation initiated by Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat, becoming a key event in the Civil Rights Movement and promoting the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr.

    Brown v. Board of Education

    • The landmark 1954 Supreme Court ruling that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, setting a precedent for civil rights advancements.

    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

    • Founded in 1960 by black students aiming to enhance civil rights through nonviolent protests and voter registration efforts.

    Operation Wetback

    • A government program to deport illegal Mexican migrants, which reflected rising tensions around non-European immigration during the mid-20th century.

    Federal Highway Act of 1956

    • Legislation signed under Eisenhower to develop a vast network of highways, facilitating suburbanization and improving national defense.

    Policy of Boldness

    • A foreign policy articulated by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, aimed at confronting communism aggressively, leading to significant nuclear weapons stockpiling by the U.S.

    Hungarian Uprising

    • A series of protests against Soviet control in Hungary, brutally suppressed by Soviet forces in 1956, exposing Western limitations in Eastern Europe.

    Battle of Dien Bien Phu

    • The decisive military clash in 1954 where French forces were defeated by Viet Minh nationalists, marking the end of French colonial rule in Indochina.

    Suez Crisis

    • Triggered by Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal in 1956, leading to a failed British-French military intervention, signaling a shift in global power dynamics.

    Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

    • Established in 1960, this cartel sought to control oil prices and access, enhancing the influence of Middle Eastern countries on the global oil market.

    Sputnik

    • The first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, marking a significant milestone in the Space Race and prompting U.S. advancements in space technology.

    Kitchen Debate

    • A notable televised confrontation in 1959 between Nixon and Khrushchev, showcasing the ideological battle between American capitalism and Soviet communism.

    Abstract Expressionism

    • A major modern art movement of the mid-20th century characterized by spontaneous and energetic painting styles, exemplified by artists like Jackson Pollock.

    International Style

    • A distinctive post-WWII architectural style featuring steel-and-glass buildings, renowned for its minimalist designs and function.

    Beat Generation

    • A group of 1950s writers, including Kerouac and Ginsberg, who criticized societal norms and embraced experimental lifestyles in literature and culture.

    Southern Renaissance

    • A literary movement of the mid-20th century that reflected critically on Southern history, literature, and culture, spearheaded by writers like William Faulkner.

    Dwight D. Eisenhower

    • The 34th U.S. President from 1952-1960, recognized for his leadership during a prosperous economic era and his cautious approach to civil rights issues.

    Richard Nixon

    • 37th U.S. President (1969-1974), known for his early anti-communism, vice-presidency under Eisenhower, and significant political controversies leading to his resignation.

    Betty Friedan

    • A key feminist figure whose work encouraged awareness of women's issues and was instrumental in the emergence of second-wave feminism.

    Elvis Presley

    • A cultural icon of the 1950s, known for his charismatic performances and pivotal role in popularizing rock 'n' roll music.

    Joseph McCarthy

    • Notorious Wisconsin Senator infamous for his aggressive anti-communist campaigns and public hearings, ultimately censured for his conduct.

    Rosa Parks

    • An iconic figure in the Civil Rights Movement, whose act of defiance on a Montgomery bus sparked a significant boycott and movement for racial equality.

    Martin Luther King Jr.

    • Prominent civil rights leader recognized for his nonviolent activism and leadership during critical events like the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington.

    Earl Warren

    • Chief Justice from 1953-1969 known for expanding civil rights through landmark court decisions, reshaping the legal landscape for American rights.

    John Foster Dulles

    • Eisenhower's Secretary of State, known for his aggressive Cold War strategies and support for U.S. actions in Vietnam.

    Nikita Khrushchev

    • Soviet leader from 1958-1964 noted for his de-Stalinization policies, confrontational stance in the Cold War, and involvement in critical events like the Cuban Missile Crisis.

    Ho Chi Minh

    • Revolutionary leader of Vietnam who led the fight against colonial powers and established North Vietnam post-French defeat in 1954.

    Gamal Abdel Nasser

    • Influential Egyptian President noted for his pan-Arab nationalist policies and the nationalization of the Suez Canal.

    Fidel Castro

    • Leader of Cuba from 1959 until 2008, known for his communist regime, opposition to U.S. policies, and pivotal events like the Bay of Pigs Invasion.

    John F. Kennedy

    • The youngest U.S. President (1961-1963), whose administration faced significant events such as the Cuban Missile Crisis and civil rights challenges before his assassination.

    Lyndon B. Johnson

    • U.S. President (1963-1969) noted for his Great Society programs aimed at addressing poverty and civil rights, as well as escalating involvement in Vietnam.

    Jackson Pollock

    • A leading figure in abstract expressionism, celebrated for his innovative dripping technique in painting.

    Andy Warhol

    • Influential pop artist recognized for his satirical portrayal of consumer culture through art forms that challenged traditional distinctions between fine and commercial art.

    Eero Saarinen

    • Renowned architect known for modernist designs, including iconic structures like the Gateway Arch in St. Louis and the TWA Flight Center in New York.

    Jack Kerouac

    • Novelist and central figure of the Beat Generation, acclaimed for his novel "On the Road," which encapsulated the group's ethos.

    Allen Ginsberg

    • Prominent poet of the Beat Generation, best known for "Howl," which explored themes of sexuality, spirituality, and societal critique.

    Arthur Miller

    • Notable playwright whose works, including "Death of a Salesman," explored themes of American identity and social pressures during the Cold War era.

    Ralph Ellison

    • Celebrated author of "Invisible Man," a seminal work that profoundly examined race and identity in 20th-century America.

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    Explore key concepts from Chapter 37 of The American Pageant through flashcards. This chapter includes significant terms such as The Feminine Mystique and the evolution of rock 'n' roll, emphasizing their impact on American culture and society in the 20th century.

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