American History Module 4.5 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

How did new technologies make the building of skyscrapers practical?

The elevator made tall buildings usable; steel framers could bear the weight of tall buildings.

How did electric transit impact urban life?

It led to the growth of subways; made commuting easier, cities could more easily expand out and allow for people to move farther away from the actual city.

What are L-Trains?

Elevated or 'el' trains were a form of electric transit that was built above street level.

What are subways?

<p>A form of electric transit that was built underground.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Brooklyn Bridge?

<p>It connects Manhattan to Brooklyn. Largest cable-suspension bridge at the time. Included a promenade for walkers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the City Beautification Movement?

<p>It stressed the importance of including public parks and attractive boulevards in the designs of cities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the City-Planning Movement?

<p>It grew out of progressives' belief that cleaned-up cities would produce better citizens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe some of the turn-of-the-century innovations and inventions that affected city life, and explain how they did so.

<p>The skyscraper used limited urban space more efficiently. Electric streetcars, elevated trains, and subways allowed city workers to live outside the city and reduced congestion in the streets. Urban planning helped make travel in cities easier and, by adding parks and recreational areas, made city life more enjoyable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are three major changes in cities near the turn of the century? What effect did each have?

<p>Skyscrapers conserved space by allowing cities to grow upward. New transportation systems and bridges drew neighborhoods together. Urban planning put parks into cities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused the growth in reading materials?

<p>Faster production and lower material costs due to new technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Wright Brothers?

<p>They were brothers from Dayton, Ohio, who are considered the founders of flight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are amusement parks?

<p>New forms of entertainment that were built just outside cities and gave citizens another escape from the hustle and bustle of city life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Alexander J. Cartwright?

<p>An amateur baseball player who organized a club in New York City and set down regulations that used aspects of an English sport called rounders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented basketball?

<p>James Naismith invented the game of basketball in 1891.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How was football developed?

<p>Developed as a mix of rugby and soccer; Walter Camp added structure by establishing many rules and principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were sports popular among Americans at the turn of the century?

<p>Leisure activities provided relief from crowded urban life and occupied their increased time outside of work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Ashcan School?

<p>A group of early 20th-century American artists who painted realistic pictures of city life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pragmatism?

<p>A philosophy aimed to reconcile tensions between science, morality, and religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Bill 'Bojangles' Robinson?

<p>A pioneer and pre-eminent African-American tap dance performer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Scott Joplin?

<p>Known as the King of Ragtime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did performing arts develop in cities?

<p>They flourished as people had more leisure time and were looking for new ways to spend their free time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is James A. Bailey?

<p>James Anthony Bailey joined forces with P.T. Barnum in 1881, carrying the Barnum &amp; Bailey Circus to new heights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skyscrapers and Urban Infrastructure

  • Elevators and steel frames enabled the construction of skyscrapers, allowing cities to maximize limited urban space.
  • Electric transit innovations like streetcars, elevated trains (L-Trains), and subways facilitated easier commuting, reducing street congestion and expanding urban areas.

Key Bridges and City Beautification

  • The Brooklyn Bridge, the largest cable-suspension bridge of its time, connected Manhattan to Brooklyn and featured a promenade for pedestrians.
  • The City Beautification Movement emphasized the incorporation of parks and attractive boulevards into urban designs, enhancing city aesthetics.

Urban Planning and Innovations

  • The City-Planning Movement emerged from progressive beliefs that cleaner cities foster better citizens.
  • Innovations like steel-cable suspension bridges improved urban transportation, rendering ferries outdated and connecting neighborhoods more efficiently.

Growth in Literature and Entertainment

  • Advances in production and printing technology led to increased availability of reading materials, making literature more affordable.
  • Amusement parks were established near cities, providing leisure options that allowed residents to escape urban hustle.

Sports and Cultural Shifts

  • Popular sports included baseball, basketball (invented by James Naismith in 1891), and football, reflecting the growing leisure culture.
  • Bill "Bojangles" Robinson was a significant figure in tap dance, while Scott Joplin became known as the King of Ragtime, representing the flourishing performing arts scene.

Artistic Movements and Philosophy

  • The Ashcan School consisted of artists capturing realistic depictions of urban life, highlighting societal issues.
  • Pragmatism emerged as a philosophical approach aimed at reconciling the tensions among science, morality, and religion.

Transportation and Communication Advances

  • Significant advancements led to the establishment of the first transcontinental airmail service by 1920, following the Wright brothers' pioneering flights starting in 1903.
  • Urban planning focused on integrating parks and recreational areas, enhancing the overall quality of city living while promoting community well-being.

Social Dynamics and Civic Engagement

  • Increased leisure time from industrial work allowed citizens to engage in sports and cultural activities, aimed at providing relief from the overcrowded urban environment.
  • The collaboration between James A. Bailey and P.T. Barnum elevated the popularity of the Barnum & Bailey Circus, showcasing the entertainment industry's growth in American culture.

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Explore the transformative period of life at the turn of the 20th century with this set of flashcards. Discover how new technologies like elevators and electric transit reshaped urban landscapes and everyday life. Test your knowledge of these pivotal developments in American history.

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