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Questions and Answers
What was the primary objective of the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?
What was the primary objective of the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?
The Knights of Labor allowed only skilled white male workers to join.
The Knights of Labor allowed only skilled white male workers to join.
False
What method of farming is used in dry land areas?
What method of farming is used in dry land areas?
dry farming
During the ________ Strike of 1877, workers protested wage cuts by destroying property and burning rail yards.
During the ________ Strike of 1877, workers protested wage cuts by destroying property and burning rail yards.
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Match the following events with their descriptions:
Match the following events with their descriptions:
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Who was the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I?
Who was the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I?
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Vladimir Lenin signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany before becoming the leader of Russia.
Vladimir Lenin signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany before becoming the leader of Russia.
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What economic impact did railroads have on the United States?
What economic impact did railroads have on the United States?
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The assassination of __________ led to the start of World War I.
The assassination of __________ led to the start of World War I.
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Match the following individuals with their contributions or roles:
Match the following individuals with their contributions or roles:
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Which amendment granted women the right to vote in the United States?
Which amendment granted women the right to vote in the United States?
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The Philippines were the location of the first battle of the Spanish-American War.
The Philippines were the location of the first battle of the Spanish-American War.
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What was one major effect of the mining boom in the United States?
What was one major effect of the mining boom in the United States?
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In 1867, the US bought __________ from Russia for $7.2 million.
In 1867, the US bought __________ from Russia for $7.2 million.
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What was one of the main causes of the Spanish-American War?
What was one of the main causes of the Spanish-American War?
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What did the Sherman Antitrust Act aim to eliminate?
What did the Sherman Antitrust Act aim to eliminate?
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The Bessemer process revolutionized the steel industry.
The Bessemer process revolutionized the steel industry.
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What is the purpose of the Initiative in the context of state elections?
What is the purpose of the Initiative in the context of state elections?
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The __________ process allowed workers to protest for better pay and conditions during the Industrial Revolution.
The __________ process allowed workers to protest for better pay and conditions during the Industrial Revolution.
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Match the amendments with their corresponding changes:
Match the amendments with their corresponding changes:
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Which of the following statements is true about the Progressive movement?
Which of the following statements is true about the Progressive movement?
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The Pendleton Act established a merit-based system for federal job recruitment.
The Pendleton Act established a merit-based system for federal job recruitment.
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What was the primary role of muckrakers during the Progressive Era?
What was the primary role of muckrakers during the Progressive Era?
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The __________ policy was characterized by a nation's tendency to avoid involvement in international affairs.
The __________ policy was characterized by a nation's tendency to avoid involvement in international affairs.
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Which president is associated with the Square Deal?
Which president is associated with the Square Deal?
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The Lusitania was a British ship sunk by a German U-boat, leading to increased tensions between the US and Germany.
The Lusitania was a British ship sunk by a German U-boat, leading to increased tensions between the US and Germany.
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Who was the first African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard?
Who was the first African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard?
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The ______________ Act of 1917 punished individuals for espionage or aiding the enemy.
The ______________ Act of 1917 punished individuals for espionage or aiding the enemy.
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Match the historical figures to their contributions:
Match the historical figures to their contributions:
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Study Notes
Chapter 19-24 Study Notes
- Boomtowns: Rapidly growing settlements, often due to economic opportunities like mining
- Homesteaders: Individuals claiming land under the Homestead Act, facing harsh conditions in the West
- Dry Farming: Agricultural techniques adapted to arid climates
- Vaqueros: Hispanic cowhands
- Corporations: Large organizations controlling businesses, leading to industrial growth
- Knights of Labor: Early labor union including skilled and unskilled workers, women, African Americans, and immigrants
- Monopolies: Total control of an industry by a single person or company, opposed by government
- American Federation of Labor (AFL): Skilled worker union led by Samuel Gompers; advocate for higher wages, shorter hours, and better conditions
- Haymarket Affair: Labor protest where a bomb explosion caused violence and injuries
- Railroad Strike of 1877: Wage cuts triggered widespread strikes, property damage, and government intervention
- Pullman Strike: Wage cuts leading to boycotts and a court-ordered halt to workers' actions
- Homestead Steel Strike: Wage dispute leading to violence between workers and management, hindering unions
- Sherman Antitrust Act: Legislation outlawed monopolies and trusts
- Bessemer Process: Steelmaking method greatly increasing steel production
- Industrial Revolution: Dramatic shift from agrarian to industrial societies, leading to unsafe working conditions, labor union development, and worker protests
- Assimilation: Absorption into a dominant culture
- Settlement Houses: Community centers providing supportive services like childcare and educational opportunities to poor and immigrant families
- Industrial Revolution Effects: Growth of factories, unsafe working conditions, rise of unions, movement to cities
- Initiative: Citizen-proposed laws
- Referendum: Voters directly deciding laws
- Recall: Removal of elected officials by citizens
- Direct Primary: Voters choosing candidates
- Progressive Reforms: Focus on government regulation of industry
- Prohibition: Laws prohibiting alcohol
- Muckrakers: Investigative journalists exposing corruption
- Square Deal: Roosevelt's approach to government regulation
- Laissez-faire: Little government intervention in business
- Suffrage: Right to vote (specifically for women)
- Pendleton Act: Creation of a civil service commission to reform federal hiring
- 16th Amendment: Authorizing federal income tax
- 17th Amendment: Direct election of senators
- 18th Amendment: Prohibition
- 19th Amendment: Women's suffrage
- "Bull Moose" Party: Progressive party founded by Theodore Roosevelt
- Protectorate: Nation under control of another
- Tariff: Tax on imported goods
- Socialism: Industry ownership by the public
- Isolationist: Policy of avoiding international affairs
- Spanish American War Causes: Cuban independence movement, yellow journalism, USS Maine explosion
- USS Maine: US battleship that exploded in Havana harbor; contributed to war sentiment
- Roosevelt Corollary: US intervention in Latin American affairs
- Yellow Fever/Malaria: Diseases impacting Panama Canal construction workers
- Platt Amendment: Limited Cuban sovereignty after Spanish American War
- "Gentlemen's Agreement": Limited Japanese immigration
- Doughboys: Name for US soldiers
- Stalemate: Military deadlock
- Submarine Warfare: German U-boats targeting supplies to Britain
- Convoys: Groups of ships escorting for protection
- Lusitania: British ship sunk by a German U-boat
- Unterseeboots (U-boats): German submarines
- Treaty of Versailles: Post-WWI peace treaty
- Great Migration: African Americans and Mexicans migrating north for work
- Zimmermann Note: Telegram proposing an alliance between Germany and Mexico
- League of Nations: International organization to avoid future wars inspired by Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points
- Fourteen Points Plan: Wilson's post-war plan
- Armistice: Agreement to end fighting
- Triple Entente: Allied powers (Great Britain, France, Russia)
- Committee on Public Information: US propaganda effort
- War Industries Board: Supervised US industry during the war
- Espionage Act: Law punishing aid to the enemy
People
- Thomas Edison: Inventions like the light bulb, power plants, and gas transportation
- Samuel Morse: Telegraph and Morse code inventor
- Henry Bessemer: Developed the Bessemer Process (steelmaking)
- Andrew Carnegie: Prominent steel magnate
- Grover Cleveland: President who used federal troops to end strikes
- Jane Addams: Founder of the Hull House
- Theodore Roosevelt: Progressive President, conservationist, "Square Deal"
- Booker T. Washington: Founded Tuskegee Institute
- "Boss" Tweed: Corrupt NYC political boss
- Eugene Debs: Socialist leader
- William Howard Taft: President followed Roosevelt, supported certain reforms
- William McKinley: President during Spanish American War
- Ida B. Wells: Journalist advocating against lynching
- W.E.B. Du Bois: Influential African American leader, founder of NAACP
- Homer Plessy: Plessy v. Ferguson case
- Theodore Roosevelt (Military Leader): Rough Rider, military experience
- Joseph Pulitzer: Famous journalist
- Eddie Rickenbacker: Allied Air Ace
- Nicholas II: Last Tsar of Russia – abdicated his throne during WWI
- Alvin York: Allied hero
- Woodrow Wilson: US President during WWI
- Vladimir Lenin: Russian communist leader
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand: Assassinated which started WWI
- Henry Cabot Lodge: Opponent of the League of Nations
- John Pershing: General, commander of the American Expeditionary Force
Places
- Columbia: Original owner of Panama
- Philippines: Site of early battles in the Spanish-American War
- China: Significant trading partner of US
- Japan: Trade relations with the US
- Alaska: Acquired by the US from Russia
- Panama: Location of the Panama Canal
- France: Allied nation, major WWI battle participant
- Germany: Central Power, WWI participant
- Russia: Allied nation, WWI participant, withdrew from WWI
- Austria-Hungary: Central Power, WWI participant
Central Ideas/Concepts
- Railroads' Impact: Expanded US economy, natural resources, and settlement patterns
- Homesteaders' Life: Harsh climate, limited resources
- Mining Boom Effects: Rapid population growth, economic opportunities, challenges
- Progressive Era Reforms: Amendments, regulations, social reforms, and voter power
- Women in the War Effort: Contributions in non-combat roles
- Russian Revolution's Effect: Impact on WWI
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Description
Explore the pivotal events and concepts from Chapters 19-24 of American history, focusing on the development of boomtowns, labor unions, and agrarian practices in the West. Understand the dynamics between corporations, monopolies, and workers' rights during this transformative period. This quiz will test your knowledge on essential terms and significant events.
