American History: Articles of Confederation
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Questions and Answers

What was the main reason for the creation of the Articles of Confederation?

  • To solidify the colonies' dependence on Great Britain
  • To create a separate state for each colony with no central government
  • To create a loose union of states with limited central authority (correct)
  • To establish a strong central government with broad powers

The Articles of Confederation were written in 1781.

False (B)

What was the primary role of the Articles of Confederation?

The Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution of the United States.

The Articles of Confederation were written by representatives of the American colonies who made up the ______ Congress.

<p>Second Continental</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their corresponding years:

<p>Declaration of Independence = 1776 Articles of Confederationratification = 1781 American Revolution = 1775-1783</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a question facing the newly independent American colonies?

<p>How to maintain a strong relationship with Great Britain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the major challenges the newly formed United States faced after the American Revolution?

<p>The new nation faced challenges like establishing a new system of government, maintaining unity among the states, defending itself against potential threats, and determining its future relationship with other nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Articles of Confederation were a success in solving all the problems faced by the newly independent United States.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state did not send any delegates to the Constitutional Convention?

<p>Rhode Island (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The United States Constitution was developed in 87 days.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

<p>To decide how America was going to be governed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position did George Washington hold after serving as President?

<p>Retired from public life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ was a compromise that addressed the issue of state representation in Congress.

<p>Great Compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

George Washington's presidency was marked by a period of peace and stability, with no major conflicts or challenges.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option reflects the Great Compromise regarding state representation in Congress?

<p>Congress would have two houses, one based on population and the other with equal representation for each state. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Articles of Confederation = The first constitution of the United States, which was later replaced by the Constitution. Constitutional Convention = A meeting of delegates from the states to create a new government for the United States. House of Representatives = The lower house of the United States Congress, with representation based on population. Senate = The upper house of the United States Congress, with equal representation for each state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred on December 14, 1799?

<p>George Washington died.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the supreme law of the land in the United States?

<p>The United States Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

George Washington served two terms as President, from ______ to ______.

<p>1789 to 1797</p> Signup and view all the answers

The delegates at the Constitutional Convention agreed to count enslaved people as part of a state's population for the purpose of representation in Congress.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their descriptions:

<p>Set up a presidential cabinet = A group of advisors to the President Appointed a Supreme Court = Established the highest court of the United States Sponsored the first census = A count of the population to determine representation Ratified the Bill of Rights in 1791 = Added ten amendments to the Constitution Constructed the Nation’s capital = Created the city of Washington, D.C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason Benjamin Banneker was appointed to lay out the boundaries of the District of Columbia?

<p>His skills in mathematics and astronomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Benjamin Banneker was a self-taught mathematician and astronomer who made significant contributions to the development of the new nation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe one of the key skills that Benjamin Banneker possessed that made him suitable for his role in laying out the boundaries of the District of Columbia.

<p>Mathematics and astronomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason why many people considered Thomas Jefferson to be a strong advocate for democracy, equality, and freedom?

<p>His writings and speeches publicly expressed his belief in these ideals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Louisiana Purchase was the largest single land acquisition in US history.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of the Lewis and Clark Expedition?

<p>To explore the Louisiana Territory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Louisiana Purchase extended from the ______ River to the ______ Mountains.

<p>Mississippi, Rocky</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the figures with their role in the events described:

<p>Thomas Jefferson = President during the Louisiana Purchase Aaron Burr = Jefferson's running mate in the 1800 Presidential Election Meriwether Lewis = Leader of the Corps of Discovery William Clark = Co-leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the 1800 Presidential Election require the House of Representatives to decide the winner?

<p>The candidates received the same number of electoral votes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Lewis and Clark Expedition lasted for two years, traveling from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean and back.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name given to the group of explorers involved in the Lewis and Clark Expedition?

<p>Corps of Discovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the proposed compromise to determine a state's population for representation?

<p>Counting each slave as three-fifths of a person. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Constitution was immediately ratified by all 13 states.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two main points of debate during the Constitutional Convention?

<p>The balance of power between the national government and the states, and the representation of large and small states in the new government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The idea of counting each slave as three-fifths of a person is known as the ______ compromise.

<p>Three-Fifths</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following individuals with their stance on signing the Constitution:

<p>Edmund Randolph = Refused to sign because he felt it gave too much power to the national government. George Mason = Refused to sign because he felt it gave too much power to the national government. Elbridge Gerry = Refused to sign because he believed it did not protect the rights of the people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options were NOT concerns raised by those who did not sign the Constitution?

<p>The representation of large states. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Great Compromise addressed concerns about state representation in the new government.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many states were required to ratify the Constitution before it went into effect?

<p>Nine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following presidents oversaw the emergence of the two-party system in the United States?

<p>John Adams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the United States, occurred under the presidency of James Madison.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which president issued the Monroe Doctrine, a significant policy that declared European powers should not interfere in the Western Hemisphere?

<p>James Monroe</p> Signup and view all the answers

The development of the national capital, Washington, D.C., was aided by the contributions of ______, a prominent mathematician and surveyor.

<p>Benjamin Banneker</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events to their corresponding presidents:

<p>Louisiana Purchase = Thomas Jefferson War of 1812 = James Madison Monroe Doctrine = James Monroe Emergence of the Two-Party System = John Adams</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which president oversaw the War of 1812, a conflict that ultimately increased respect for the United States on the international stage?

<p>James Madison (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Bill of Rights, a set of amendments to the United States Constitution guaranteeing fundamental rights and freedoms, was added during the presidency of George Washington.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which president is credited with overseeing the addition of the Bill of Rights to the United States Constitution?

<p>James Madison</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Articles of Confederation

The first constitution of the United States, drafted 1776-77.

Second Continental Congress

Meeting of delegates from the 13 colonies to plan governance.

Date of effect

The Articles of Confederation went into effect on March 1, 1781.

Main questions after revolution

Key concerns included government structure, unity, leadership, and defense.

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Strengths of the Articles

Focused on state sovereignty and a loose confederation of states.

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Weaknesses of the Articles

Limited central government power, leading to ineffective governance.

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Independence Declaration

Document adopted in 1776 stating colonies' break from Britain.

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Outcome of the Articles

Revealed problems leading to the need for a stronger governance plan.

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George Washington

Leader elected at the Constitutional Convention to oversee the drafting of the Constitution.

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Constitution of the United States

The supreme law outlining the structure and limits of government power.

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Constitutional Convention

Assembly held in Philadelphia from May to September 1787 to create the Constitution.

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Great Compromise

Agreement creating a two-house Congress with representation based on state population and equal representation for states.

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House of Representatives

Lower house in Congress where representation is based on state population.

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Senate

Upper house in Congress where each state has equal representation (two senators).

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Compromise on Slavery

Controversial decision on whether to count enslaved people for representation; led to tension among states.

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Three-Fifths Compromise

Agreement counting slaves as three-fifths of a person for population.

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Ratification

The process of formally approving the Constitution by the states.

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Ratification Requirement

Nine states must approve the Constitution for it to be enacted.

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Signing Date

The Constitution was signed on September 17, 1787.

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Delegates Who Didn't Sign

Edmund Randolph, George Mason, and Elbridge Gerry did not sign.

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Franklin's Allegory

Benjamin Franklin viewed the Constitution as a 'rising sun'.

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Power of National Government

Debate focused on how much power the national government should have.

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First Five Presidents

The initial leaders of the United States: Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe.

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Two Party System

A political system that emerged during Thomas Jefferson's administration.

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Louisiana Purchase

The acquisition of the Louisiana territory from France by Thomas Jefferson.

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Monroe Doctrine

A U.S. policy introduced by President Monroe to prevent European interference in the Americas.

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National Capital Development

Plans for Washington, D.C., developed under Thomas Jefferson's presidency.

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War of 1812 Impact

Led to respect for the U.S. by European nations during James Madison's presidency.

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Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution added to protect individual liberties, hinged on James Madison's support.

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Campaign Activity

An assignment allowing students to create a campaign button or speech for one of the first five presidents.

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Thomas Jefferson's Beliefs

Jefferson was known for democracy, equality, and freedom but owned slaves.

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Election of 1800

Jefferson and Burr tied in electoral votes; Jefferson was chosen by the House.

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Impact of the Louisiana Purchase

This purchase united the Midwest and East, forming parts of 15 future states.

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Lewis and Clark Expedition

The expedition (1804-1806) to explore the new Louisiana territory led by Lewis and Clark.

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Expedition Length

The Lewis and Clark expedition traveled about 8,000 miles in total.

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Meriwether Lewis and William Clark

The leaders of the Lewis and Clark expedition focused on mapping the territory.

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Geographical Scope of Louisiana Purchase

Stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and Canada.

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Washington's Presidential Cabinet

A group of official advisors to the President.

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Neutrality Proclamation

Washington's declaration to remain neutral in foreign conflicts.

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Benjamin Banneker

A mathematician and astronomer who helped design Washington, D.C.

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First Census

The official population count conducted in 1790.

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Washington's Retirement

Washington stepped down from the presidency after two terms in 1797.

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Construction of the Nation’s Capital

The establishment of Washington, D.C. as the U.S. capital.

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George Washington's Death

Washington died on December 14, 1799, after a night of illness.

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Study Notes

Overview of the First Five Presidents

  • The first five presidents of the United States were influential figures in shaping the nation's early development and policies.

George Washington (1789-1797)

  • Unanimously elected as the first president of the United States.
  • Established a presidential cabinet, a group of advisors.
  • Appointed the first Supreme Court.
  • Supported the first census.
  • Ratified the Bill of Rights in 1791.
  • Set the precedent of presidential neutrality during conflicts between France and Britain.

John Adams (1797-1801)

  • The second president of the United States.
  • Followed Washington as president.
  • Served the first chief executive to live in the White House.
  • Followed his own principles in office instead of following others' opinions.
  • The United States government moved from Philadelphia to Washington, D.C. during his administration.
  • Faced challenges in his role as president due to disputes between France and the United States.
  • Avoided war when the French expected the United States to support their war against Britain
  • Lost to Jefferson in the 1800 presidential election.

Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)

  • The third president of the United States.
  • Author of the Declaration of Independence.
  • His two-party system was formed during his administration.
  • Bought Louisiana from France in 1803.
  • Led the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore the newly acquired land west of the Mississippi River.
  • His main focus was on democracy, equality, and freedom.

James Madison (1809-1817)

  • The fourth president of the United States.
  • He played a significant role as a delegate in the Constitutional Convention of 1787.
  • Was the Father of the Constitution
  • Helped to establish the fundamental components of the U.S constitution
  • Led the country during the War of 1812.
  • Helped create the Supreme Court
  • He helped create the U.S. federal system, which divides power between the federal government and the states.

James Monroe (1817-1825)

  • The fifth president of the United States.
  • Served for two terms as president.
  • Served as the secretary of state and secretary of war at the same time during the War of 1812.
  • Known for his service in the Virginia Assembly and in the Congress of the Confederation
  • Announced the famous Monroe Doctrine warning the Europeans not to interfere with the Western Hemisphere.
  • His presidency happened during a period known as "the era of good feeling"
  • Faced challenges as president because of the growing conflict over slavery.

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This quiz explores the Articles of Confederation, created in 1781, and their significance in American history. Participants will answer questions about the challenges faced by the newly independent colonies and key events surrounding the Constitutional Convention. Test your knowledge of this pivotal period in the formation of the United States!

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