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Questions and Answers
The 13th Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified in 1877.
The 13th Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified in 1877.
False (B)
The Progressive Era occurred from 1865 to 1890.
The Progressive Era occurred from 1865 to 1890.
False (B)
Mark Twain was the pen name of William Dean Howells.
Mark Twain was the pen name of William Dean Howells.
False (B)
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published in 1876.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published in 1876.
American Realism rejected the ideas of Romanticism and Industrialization.
American Realism rejected the ideas of Romanticism and Industrialization.
The novel 'The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn' is an example of a pastoral novel.
The novel 'The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn' is an example of a pastoral novel.
Kate Chopin's novel 'The Awakening' is set in the Creol Country.
Kate Chopin's novel 'The Awakening' is set in the Creol Country.
Theodore Dreiser's novel 'Sister Carrier' is an example of a Naturalist novel.
Theodore Dreiser's novel 'Sister Carrier' is an example of a Naturalist novel.
The novel 'The Octopus' by Frank Norris is set in Europe.
The novel 'The Octopus' by Frank Norris is set in Europe.
Mark Twain's novel 'The Adventures of Tom Sawyer' is an example of a Regional fiction novel.
Mark Twain's novel 'The Adventures of Tom Sawyer' is an example of a Regional fiction novel.
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Study Notes
The Age of Realism (1865-1915)
- Historical context: Civil War (1861-1865), abolition of slavery (13th Amendment, 1863), Reconstruction (1865-1877), Western War Expansion (1890), Industrial Revolutions, Urbanization, European Immigration on the East Coast, and the Progressive Era (1890-1910)
American Realism
- Defined as truthful treatment of reality, rejecting Romanticism and Transcendentalism
- Focus on truth and fact, faithful representation of reality in ordinary life
- Importance of social class, observing contemporary society
- Regional fiction: local color, nostalgia, use of natural language, dialect, vernacular, and humor
Mark Twain (Samuel L. Clemens, 1835-1910)
- Famous works: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), Life on the Mississippi (1883), The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884)
- Huckleberry Finn: coming-of-age novel, picaresque novel, pastoralism, local color
Other Authors
- Kate Chopin (1850-1904): The Awakening (1899), local color, Creol country
- Joel Chandler Harris (1845-1908): Uncle Remus (1881), Trickster Tale, Brer Rabbit, Brer Fox, Brer Wolf
Naturalism (Subgenre of Realism)
- More pessimistic, born in Europe, influenced by Emile Zola and Leo Tolstoy
- Influence of Darwinism and Marxism, biological and social determinism
- Focus on social problems, social criticism, everyday people, lower class, crushed by society
Notable Authors and Works
- Stephen Crane (1871-1900): Maggie: A Girl of the Street (1893), The Red Badge of Courage (1895)
- Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945): Sister Carrie (1900)
- Frank Norris (1870-1902): The Epic of the Wheat trilogy, The Octopus: A Story of California (1901), The Pit: A Story of Chicago (1903)
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