American Government: The Legislative Branch

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Questions and Answers

What is the minimum age requirement to be elected as a representative in the House?

  • 35 years old
  • 21 years old
  • 25 years old (correct)
  • 30 years old

What is the primary purpose of redistricting after a census?

  • To ensure equal representation across districts (correct)
  • To draw the lines based on party preference
  • To change the election date
  • To increase the number of representatives

Gerrymandering refers to which of the following?

  • Creating competitive election districts
  • Drawing district lines fairly
  • Eliminating district lines altogether
  • Redrawing district lines to benefit a particular party (correct)

What is one of the primary non-legislative functions of Congress?

<p>Confirming presidential appointments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for Congress to formally amend the Constitution?

<p>A two-thirds vote in both houses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For how many years must a person be a citizen before being eligible to run for the Senate?

<p>9 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of congressional oversight involves educating the public about issues?

<p>Public investigations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Speaker of the House has the authority to perform which of the following?

<p>Ignore members who wish to speak (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Vice President in the Senate?

<p>Vote only when necessary to break a tie (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about impeachment is accurate?

<p>Only the House can impeach but the Senate must convict (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of redistricting is considered extreme and is often criticized?

<p>Gerrymandering (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the districts in the House of Representatives?

<p>Each district has roughly equal population representation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The legislative calendar is primarily used for what purpose by the Speaker of the House?

<p>To delay or speed up legislative processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must happen during the impeachment process in the House of Representatives?

<p>A two-thirds vote is necessary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the 435 seats in the House of Representatives allocated among the states?

<p>According to population and reapportionment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result if an official is convicted during the impeachment process?

<p>The official is removed from office (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the majority and minority leaders in Congress?

<p>To supervise legislative business (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Senate, who primarily controls the agenda and schedule?

<p>The majority leader (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of the majority and minority whips in Congress?

<p>To enforce party discipline among members (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must happen before a proposed bill can be formally introduced in Congress?

<p>It must be submitted by a member of Congress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the two-party system dominate US politics?

<p>It is ingrained in congressional structures and processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the legislative branch primarily create?

<p>The laws of the land (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vote does the Senate president break only in tie situations?

<p>Tie vote (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential element for the legislative process of changing a proposed bill into a law?

<p>Compromise and cooperation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Representatives-at-large

Members of the House chosen by the entire population of a state.

Redistricting

Redrawing district lines after a census to ensure equal population in each district.

Gerrymandering

Redrawing district lines to favor a political party.

House of Representatives term length

A two-year term.

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House of Representatives age requirement

25 years of age.

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House of Representatives citizenship requirement

US citizen for at least 7 years.

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Senate term length

A six-year term.

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Senate age requirement

30 years of age.

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Congressional Oversight

Congress's power to monitor and supervise the actions of other branches of government (executive and judicial).

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Presidential Appointments

The President must get approval from Congress for specific appointments to high-level positions and courts.

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Impeachment

Formal process for removing a government official from office.

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Impeachment Process (House)

The House votes to impeach a government official by a simple majority.

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Impeachment Process (Senate)

The Senate tries the case, and a 2/3 vote is needed to remove the official.

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Senate Representation

Each state has two senators.

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House Representation

States are divided into congressional districts, and each district has a representative.

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House Apportionment

The number of representatives each state gets in the House is based on population.

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Majority and Minority Leaders

Elected party leaders in each legislative chamber, recognized for leadership and influence.

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Whips

Assist majority and minority leaders by assessing voting intentions and influencing members.

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Congressional Agenda

The schedule and order of legislative business in the Senate controlled by the majority leader.

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Party System (Congress)

Used by both congressional chambers to organize and strategize policies and voting.

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US Politics' Two-Party System

A dominant feature of Congress deeply rooted in its structure and procedures.

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Legislative Branch Role

Creates the laws of a country.

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Bill Introduction (Congress)

A bill must be formally introduced by a member of the House or Senate.

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Bill Review (Congress)

Proposed bills sent to a standing committee for careful study and possibly changes.

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Study Notes

The Legislative Branch

  • Congress, the legislative branch, has the power to make laws, but not to enforce them
  • It's the most important institution in American democracy

The Capital of the United States

  • In 1790, Congress chose Washington D.C. as the national capital.
  • The District of Columbia is governed by an elected mayor and city council. Congress retains the power to set the budget and enact legislation.
  • The 23rd Amendment gave residents of D.C. the right to vote in presidential elections, and the District has three electoral votes
  • Washingtonians are represented by a non-voting member of the House of Representatives.

The House of Representatives and the Senate

  • Congress is bicameral (two houses)
  • The House of Representatives is the lower house.
  • The Senate is the upper house.
  • The Framers of the Constitution intended two houses to ensure each house's role is followed as a specific role.
  • The 17th Amendment changed the Senate's election method from state legislatures to direct popular election

Congressional Terms and Sessions

  • A Congress is a group of representatives and senators who serve together in a two-year period following the latest congressional election.
  • A new Congress begins in January.

The Rule of Law

  • Congress operates under the rule of law
  • The government must act within the established laws.
  • It is a principle established by Founding Fathers.

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