26 Questions
What was the main economy of most colonies due to the expansive growth?
Agricultural economy
What was the result of the expansive economy in the colonies?
Increased need for workers
What was the purpose of indentured servitude?
To provide passage to North America in exchange for work
What were the benefits received by indentured servants?
Housing, clothing, and food
What was the significance of the royal charter?
Granted proprietary rights to individuals
What was the role of the royal government in the colonies?
Controlled by the English Crown
What were the main crops grown in the colonies?
Rice, tobacco, sugarcane, and spices
What was the impact of the transatlantic slave trade?
Increased the need for workers
What was one of the main reasons for the demand for cheap labor in the Americas?
The need for workers on plantations in the Americas
What was the result of the transatlantic slave trade in the colonies?
More slaves than immigrants in the colonies
What was the system of trading African slaves from Africa to the Americas known as?
The Transatlantic Slave Trade
Why were enslaved Africans typically sold at auctions in the New World?
To work on plantations in the Americas
What was the impact of the transatlantic slave trade on three continents?
It affected Africa, Europe, and the Americas
Why did some people enjoy freedom after serving under contract?
Because they served under contract
What was a common fate of enslaved Africans in the New World?
They were sold at auctions
What led to an increase in the demand for enslaved Africans in the Americas?
The growth of the plantation economy in the Americas
What was the primary goal of the economic policy of mercantilism?
To increase the wealth and power of nations through exports
What was the result of the English policy of salutary neglect?
The colonies had greater freedom to pursue economic interests
What was the Triangular Trade?
A trade route between Europe, Africa, and the colonies
What was the significance of the 12 million Africans who came to the colonies during this time period?
They were used to develop a new economy based on cash crops
Who enforced the policy of salutary neglect?
Robert Wallpole
What was the result of the English stopping enforcement of the Navigation Acts?
The colonies had greater freedom to pursue economic interests
What was the primary goal of the English government in allowing salutary neglect?
To increase their wealth and power through trade
What was the significance of the economy created by the use of slaves for cash crops?
It created a new economy based on cash crops
What was the role of the government in the mercantilist economic system?
The government controlled all economic activities, taxed and subsidized them
Why did the English government support the creation of a global empire?
To increase their wealth and power through trade
Study Notes
Colonial Systems
- Royal Charter: a grant given by the king to a company or group of settlers, allowing them to establish a colony
- Proprietary Colony: a colony granted by the king to an individual who had governing rights, e.g., Pennsylvania
- Royal Colony: a colony controlled by the English Crown, e.g., Virginia after 1624
Economy
- Agricultural crops were grown to sell for profit, including rice, tobacco, sugarcane, coffee, cocoa, tea, cotton, and spices
- This led to the main economy of most colonies, resulting in a need for more workers
- Indentured servitude and the transatlantic slave trade emerged as a result
Indentured Servitude
- Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
- Servants were not paid wages but were housed, clothed, and fed
- They enjoyed freedom after serving, and benefited in the end better than staying in England
Transatlantic Slave Trade
- System of trading African slaves from Africa to the Americas
- Demand for cheap labor to work on plantations in the Americas grew, leading to an increased demand for slaves
- Enslaved Africans were typically sold at auctions
- Resulted in more slaves than immigrants in the colonies, affecting Africa, Europe, and America
- Implied that slaves were used for cash crops and created a whole new economy
Colonial Politics
- Salutary Neglect: English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies to allow for economic loyalty
- English stopped enforcing the Navigation Acts as long as Britain still gained money
- Resulted in greater freedom to pursue economic interests
Mercantilism
- Economic policy where nations sought to increase their wealth and power
- Obtaining large amounts of gold and silver, and selling more goods than they bought
- Governed by a ruler, with government control of all economic activities, taxation, and subsidization
- Supported the creation of global empires and led to the Triangular Trade (1600-1800s)
This quiz covers the history of American colonies, focusing on royal charters and their significance in the 13 colonies leading up to the American Revolution.
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