Amazon EC2 Overview Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of Amazon EC2?

  • To provide a database management system in the cloud
  • To provide a virtual storage service in the cloud
  • To provide resizable compute capacity in the cloud (correct)
  • To provide a content delivery network in the cloud

What is an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)?

  • A virtual server instance in the AWS cloud
  • A preconfigured template for launching EC2 instances (correct)
  • A security group for EC2 instances
  • A type of EC2 instance with high processing power

What is the purpose of EC2 compute units (ECUs)?

  • To measure the networking capacity of an EC2 instance
  • To measure the storage capacity of an EC2 instance
  • To measure the memory capacity of an EC2 instance
  • To provide a relative measure of the integer processing power of an EC2 instance (correct)

What is the default setting for public IP assignment when launching an EC2 instance?

<p>Use the subnet setting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of instance types in Amazon EC2?

<p>To provide a wide selection of resources that can be customized for different use cases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is termination protection in Amazon EC2?

<p>A feature that prevents you from terminating an instance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of key pairs in Amazon EC2?

<p>To securely connect to EC2 instances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the default monitoring period for EC2 instances?

<p>5-minute periods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA)?

<p>To enhance inter-node communication performance for applications requiring high-throughput. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstance can you modify an EC2 instance's attributes?

<p>When the instance is in a stopped state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of Enhanced Networking using Elastic Network Adapter (ENA)?

<p>Ability to add multiple ENIs to increase network bandwidth. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the default network interface created when launching an EC2 instance?

<p>eth0 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using BYOIP (Bring Your Own IP)?

<p>It allows you to use your own IP addresses within an AWS VPC. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can you attach a network interface to an EC2 instance in a different subnet?

<p>Only if the subnets are in the same Availability Zone. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to manually added network interfaces when an EC2 instance is terminated?

<p>They are automatically detached from the instance but remain active. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between an Elastic Network Adapter (ENA) and an Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA)?

<p>EFA is designed for high-throughput inter-node communication while ENA focuses on general network performance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a placement group in AWS EC2?

<p>To improve the performance of applications by grouping instances with low latency and high bandwidth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid placement group configuration in AWS EC2?

<p>Distributed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended way to achieve the best performance when communicating between instances within a placement group?

<p>Using private IP addresses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of using IAM roles for EC2 instances instead of access keys?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a bastion host in AWS EC2?

<p>To provide a secure gateway for accessing instances within a VPC. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about EC2 status checks is TRUE?

<p>System status checks are used to detect problems that require user involvement to repair. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of IAM roles that can be attached to an EC2 instance at any given time?

<p>1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following AWS services can be used as an alternative to bastion hosts for managing EC2 instances?

<p>AWS Systems Manager Session Manager (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended approach for rebooting an EC2 instance?

<p>Using EC2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of AWS CloudTrail?

<p>To provide a record of actions taken by a user, role, or an AWS service (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of tags that can be assigned to an AWS resource?

<p>50 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Amazon Route 53 health checks?

<p>To redirect traffic in case of failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of VM Import/Export?

<p>To convert EC2 instances to VMware, Microsoft, or XEN VMs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) used for?

<p>To automate, schedule, and track incremental replications of live server volumes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using Reserved Instances?

<p>To guarantee resources will be available when needed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the unified CloudWatch agent?

<p>To enable logging and auditing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an EC2 instance is stopped, what happens to its public IPv4 address?

<p>It is lost, but a new one is assigned when the instance is restarted. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pricing model allows users to pay a discounted rate for instances in exchange for committing to a certain usage period?

<p>Reserved (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of On-Demand instances that can be run across an instance family in a single region?

<p>20 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Elastic IP address?

<p>To provide a static public IP address that can be reassigned to different instances. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between dedicated instances and dedicated hosts?

<p>Dedicated instances provide access to a dedicated physical server, while dedicated hosts provide access to a dedicated logical partition within a physical server. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between EBS volumes and Instance Store volumes?

<p>EBS volumes are persistent, while Instance Store volumes are temporary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When are EC2 instances billed?

<p>Only when they are in a running state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of IP address is assigned to EC2 instances by default?

<p>Private IPv4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

EC2 Instance

A virtual server instance running on the AWS cloud. It's created using pre-configured templates called Amazon Machine Images (AMIs).

Amazon Machine Image (AMI)

A pre-configured template used to launch an EC2 instance. It contains the operating system, software packages, and other configurations needed for the instance.

Instance Type and Size

Each instance type offers one or more sizes, allowing you to scale your resources. This helps you select the right amount of CPU, memory, and storage based on your application's needs.

IAM Role

A mechanism for configuring and managing access permissions for AWS resources. You can attach an IAM role to an EC2 instance to grant it temporary access to specific AWS services and resources.

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Termination Protection

A feature that prevents accidental termination of an EC2 instance. It can be enabled to protect critical instances from being deleted by mistake.

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EBS Volumes

Persistent storage volumes that can be attached to EC2 instances, providing storage space for data and applications.

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Instance Store Volumes

Temporary storage volumes that are directly attached to an EC2 instance and exist only as long as the instance is running.

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Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)

A fully managed file system that can be mounted to multiple EC2 instances, enabling shared storage for applications.

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On-demand Instance Pricing

A pricing model where you pay for EC2 instances on an hourly or per-second basis.

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Reserved Instance Pricing

A pricing model that offers a discounted rate for committed usage of EC2 instances over a specific period.

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Spot Instance Pricing

A low-cost pricing model where you bid on unused EC2 capacity. Instances can be interrupted by AWS if demand for capacity increases.

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Public IPv4 Address

A public IP address associated with your EC2 instance that is accessible from the internet. It allows external communication to your instance.

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Private IPv4 Address

A private IP address assigned to your EC2 instance within your virtual private cloud (VPC). It's used for communication within the VPC.

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Elastic IP Address

A static public IP address that can be remapped between instances. It's helpful for applications that require a constant public IP address.

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Elastic Network Interface (ENI)

A virtual network card that represents a connection between your EC2 instance and the network. It can be used for attaching multiple IP addresses to an instance.

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Enhanced Networking (ENA)

A feature that provides higher bandwidth and lower latency for network traffic to EC2 instances. It enhances the network performance for demanding applications.

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Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA)

A high-performance network interface that enables faster communication between EC2 instances within the same availability zone. It is used for demanding applications requiring high bandwidth and low latency.

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Placement Groups

Logical groupings of EC2 instances that are placed together for reduced network latency and increased data transfer speeds. They are suitable for applications that require high performance and low latency communications within clusters.

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Cluster Placement Group

A type of placement group where instances are clustered together on the same physical hardware, resulting in the lowest latency and highest bandwidth.

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Spread Placement Group

A type of placement group where instances are spread across different racks and Availability Zones, ensuring high availability.

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Partition Placement Group

A type of placement group where instances are isolated within an Availability Zone, ensuring that they are not placed on the same physical hardware failure domain.

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CloudWatch

A service that enables you to monitor the health and performance of your EC2 instances. It collects data on various instance metrics, such as CPU utilization, memory usage, and disk I/O.

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CloudWatch Alarms

A feature that allows you to set up alarms based on CloudWatch metrics. When a metric exceeds a predefined threshold, an alarm can trigger actions such as sending notifications or automatically scaling instances.

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Unified CloudWatch Agent

A unified agent that allows you to collect logs and metrics from your EC2 instances and send them to CloudWatch. It streamlines the process of monitoring and logging.

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AWS CloudTrail

A service that allows you to record and audit actions taken in your AWS account. It helps you track changes, analyze security events, and comply with regulatory requirements.

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Tags

Labels or tags that can be applied to AWS resources to add metadata. Tags can be used for various purposes, such as organization, cost allocation, and access control.

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Resource Groups

A feature that allows you to manage groups of AWS resources based on their tags. You can define resource groups based on specific tag values and perform actions on the entire group.

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Up-to-date AMIs

Keeping AMIs up-to-date ensures faster recovery in case of instance failure.

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Horizontally Scalable Architectures

Expanding your infrastructure with additional instances to handle increased workload. It helps spread the load and reduce the impact of a single instance failure.

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Auto Scaling

A feature that automates the scaling of your EC2 instances based on predefined rules. It can automatically launch or terminate instances based on metrics such as CPU utilization and queue length.

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Elastic Load Balancing

A service that distributes incoming traffic across multiple EC2 instances, improving the availability and performance of your application.

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Study Notes

Amazon EC2 Overview

  • Amazon EC2 provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud
  • Launch virtual server instances (instances) on the AWS cloud using preconfigured templates (Amazon Machine Images, AMIs)
  • Each AMI includes information needed to launch an EC2 instance (operating system, software packages, etc.)

EC2 Instances

  • Each instance type includes one or more instance sizes, allowing for scalability
  • Choose an AMI, instance type, and configure settings (e.g., public IP, IAM role, monitoring)
  • Instances can be assigned to IAM roles for access to AWS resources
  • Termination protection can be enabled to prevent accidental termination

Storage Options

  • Additional volumes can be added to instances
  • Choose volume type (e.g., EBS, instance store)
  • Use Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) for mounting a shared filesystem to multiple EC2 instances
  • Root and non-root volumes can be encrypted

Billing and Provisioning

  • On-demand, Reserved, and Spot pricing models available
  • On-demand instances are charged by the hour or second
  • Reserved instances provide a discount for committed usage
  • Spot instances are discounted, but can be interrupted by AWS

Networking

  • Three types of IP addresses: public IPv4, private IPv4, and IPv6
  • Elastic IP addresses are static public IP addresses that can be remapped between instances
  • IP addresses can be assigned, reassigned, or detached from instances
  • Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs) represent virtual network cards
  • Enhanced Networking (ENA) provides higher bandwidth and lower latency
  • Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA) enables high-performance inter-node communications

Placement Groups

  • Placement groups are logical groupings of instances for low-latency communication
  • Three types: Cluster, Spread, and Partition
  • Recommended for applications that benefit from low latency and high bandwidth

IAM Roles

  • IAM roles provide secure access to AWS services
  • Roles can be attached to instances at launch or later
  • Only one IAM role can be attached to an instance at a time

Monitoring and Logging

  • EC2 status checks detect problems with instances
  • System status checks detect problems requiring AWS involvement
  • Instance status checks detect problems requiring user involvement
  • CloudWatch alarms can be triggered by status checks
  • Unified CloudWatch Agent enables logging and monitoring

Security and Auditing

  • AWS CloudTrail provides a record of actions taken in AWS
  • CloudTrail captures API calls for EC2 and EBS as events
  • Trails enable continuous delivery of events to an S3 bucket

Tagging and Resource Management

  • Tags are labels assigned to AWS resources for metadata
  • Tags can be used for cost allocation, security, automation, and more
  • Resource groups are mappings of AWS assets defined by tags

High Availability Approaches

  • Up-to-date AMIs are critical for rapid fail-over
  • Horizontally scalable architectures are preferred for spreading risk
  • Reserved instances guarantee resource availability when needed
  • Auto Scaling and Elastic Load Balancing work together for automated recovery

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