Alzheimer's Disease Medications Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of donepezil?

  • Treating overdoses of atropine
  • Treating Alzheimer’s disease (correct)
  • Treating myasthenia gravis
  • Enhancing memory in multiple sclerosis

    • Where does metabolism of donepezil take place?

  • Lungs
  • Stomach
  • Kidneys
  • Liver (correct)

    • What is the peak of action time for donepezil?

  • 3 to 8 hours (correct)
  • 10 to 12 hours
  • 24 hours
  • 1 to 2 hours

    • How is absorption of donepezil affected by food?

    <p>It is unaffected by food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does donepezil do to acetylcholine levels in the brain?

    <p>Increases them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of donepezil is bound to plasma proteins?

    <p>96%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For how long has long-term studies shown that donepezil delays the progression of Alzheimer’s disease?

    <p>Up to 55 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to Alzheimer’s disease, what other condition can donepezil be used to enhance memory?

    <p>Multiple sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main route of excretion for donepezil and its metabolites?

    <p>Urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does donepezil have on the neuronal degradation in Alzheimer’s disease?

    <p>Slows it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which age group is more susceptible to adverse drug effects due to age-related physiological changes and underlying health conditions?

    <p>Older adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can impair the hepatic metabolism of donepezil, leading to increased adverse effects?

    <p>Liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which population is donepezil used to reduce cognitive dysfunction, particularly in critically ill patients with delirium?

    <p>Critically ill patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of donepezil?

    <p>Breathing problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the contraindications to donepezil?

    <p>Hypersensitivity to the drug, lung disease, and heart conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can interact with donepezil, either increasing or decreasing its effects?

    <p>Cholinesterase inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should nurses administer donepezil?

    <p>In the evening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses be cautious about regarding brand name confusion?

    <p>Confusion between donepezil (Aricept) and rabeprazole (AcipHex)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses assess for in patients receiving donepezil?

    <p>Therapeutic effects and adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drug is similar to donepezil, indicated for mild to moderate dementia and vascular dementia?

    <p>Galantamine hydrobromide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of rivastigmine?

    <p>Treating mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does oral rivastigmine last, allowing for dosing?

    <p>12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the metabolism of rivastigmine occur?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of memantine?

    <p>Slowing the progression of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does memantine act to prevent nerve damage?

    <p>By blocking NMDA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for memantine?

    <p>Hypersensitivity reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the extended-release formulation of memantine be taken?

    <p>Swallowed whole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should caregivers be vigilant for when administering memantine?

    <p>Changes in blood pressure, CNS effects, and signs of hypersensitivity reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does memantine interact with, affecting its serum concentration?

    <p>Carbonic anhydrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the transdermal form of rivastigmine administered?

    <p>As a patch once a day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of rivastigmine in treating Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>To slow the progression of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the oral form of rivastigmine last, allowing for dosing twice a day?

    <p>12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does rivastigmine's metabolism occur?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of memantine in treating Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Binding to the magnesium site to block excitatory function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for memantine use?

    <p>Hypersensitivity reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the extended-release formulation of memantine be taken?

    <p>Swallowed whole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should caregivers be vigilant for when administering memantine?

    <p>Changes in blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is also used to treat Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Rivastigmine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the transdermal form of rivastigmine differ from the oral form?

    <p>It is applied as a patch once a day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the excretion route of rivastigmine?

    <p>Feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of donepezil?

    <p>Treating mild, moderate, or severe Alzheimer’s disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does donepezil affect acetylcholine levels in the brain?

    <p>Increases acetylcholine levels by inhibiting its metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does metabolism of donepezil take place?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should nurses assess for in patients receiving donepezil?

    <p>Allergy, orientation, and contraindications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for using donepezil?

    <p>Lung disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of galantamine hydrobromide in treating dementia?

    <p>Mild to moderate dementia and vascular dementia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the peak action of extended-release memantine occur?

    <p>9 to 12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of excretion for rivastigmine and its metabolites?

    <p>Urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of memantine in preventing nerve damage?

    <p>Binding to the magnesium site to block excitatory function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does oral rivastigmine last, allowing for dosing?

    <p>12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main route of excretion for rivastigmine and its metabolites?

    <p>Biliary excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the peak action time for memantine with extended-release formulation?

    <p>9 to 12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of memantine in treating Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Blocking NMDA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for rivastigmine use?

    <p>Renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Alzheimer's Disease Medications: Rivastigmine and Memantine

    • Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
    • It is not a cure for Alzheimer's disease but helps slow the progression of symptoms.
    • Oral rivastigmine lasts 12 hours, allowing for twice-a-day dosing, while the transdermal form is applied as a patch once a day.
    • Rivastigmine's metabolism occurs in the liver, and it is excreted in the feces.
    • Memantine is an NMDA receptor antagonist used to slow the progression of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.
    • It is well absorbed orally, with 100% absorption in the GI tract, and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier.
    • Memantine's peak action occurs 3 to 7 hours with immediate-release and 9 to 12 hours with extended-release formulation.
    • Memantine acts by binding to the magnesium site to block excitatory function, slowing intracellular calcium accumulation and preventing nerve damage.
    • Memantine is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity reactions or renal failure.
    • It interacts with carbonic anhydrase, alkalinizing agents, and trimethoprim, affecting its serum concentration.
    • Memantine should be administered without regard to meals, and the extended-release formulation should be swallowed whole.
    • Caregivers need to be educated about memantine administration and be vigilant for adverse effects such as changes in blood pressure, CNS effects, and signs of hypersensitivity reactions.

    Alzheimer's Disease Medications: Rivastigmine and Memantine

    • Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
    • It is not a cure for Alzheimer's disease but helps slow the progression of symptoms.
    • Oral rivastigmine lasts 12 hours, allowing for twice-a-day dosing, while the transdermal form is applied as a patch once a day.
    • Rivastigmine's metabolism occurs in the liver, and it is excreted in the feces.
    • Memantine is an NMDA receptor antagonist used to slow the progression of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.
    • It is well absorbed orally, with 100% absorption in the GI tract, and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier.
    • Memantine's peak action occurs 3 to 7 hours with immediate-release and 9 to 12 hours with extended-release formulation.
    • Memantine acts by binding to the magnesium site to block excitatory function, slowing intracellular calcium accumulation and preventing nerve damage.
    • Memantine is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity reactions or renal failure.
    • It interacts with carbonic anhydrase, alkalinizing agents, and trimethoprim, affecting its serum concentration.
    • Memantine should be administered without regard to meals, and the extended-release formulation should be swallowed whole.
    • Caregivers need to be educated about memantine administration and be vigilant for adverse effects such as changes in blood pressure, CNS effects, and signs of hypersensitivity reactions.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on Alzheimer's disease medications and their dosage information with this quiz. Explore the uses, adverse effects, contraindications, and administration guidelines for drugs like donepezil, rivastigmine, memantine, and galantamine hydrobromide. Ideal for nurses, caregivers, and healthcare professionals involved in the management of Alzheimer's disease.

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