30 Questions
Which of the following is a core feature of delirium?
Fluctuating severity of symptoms
What is a potential cause of delirium?
High fever
What distinguishes major and mild neurocognitive disorder from delirium?
Acquired cognitive dysfunction
How is major neurocognitive disorder diagnosed?
Significant decline from previous level of functioning in one or more cognitive domains
What is a potential treatment for delirium?
Addressing causal and contributing medical problems
Which group is most commonly affected by delirium?
Hospitalized older adults
Which disorder accounts for about 60 to 80% of all cases of neurocognitive disorder?
Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Alzheimer’s Disease
At what age range is the onset of symptoms of Alzheimer's disease most often observed?
70 to 89 years
What is the definitive way to confirm the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease?
Brain biopsy
What is the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease based on in a clinical setting?
Presence of characteristic symptoms
What is the term used to describe depression that has prominent cognitive symptoms?
Pseudodementia
Which racial/ethnic group has the highest prevalence and incidence rates of Alzheimer's disease among adults ages 65 and older?
Black Americans
Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly seen in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease?
Excessive glutamate levels
What are the hallmark brain abnormalities of Alzheimer’s disease?
Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
Which area of the brain is typically affected first by Alzheimer’s disease?
Locus coeruleus
Which of the following factors has NOT been linked to an increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease?
High scores on neuroticism
What is the average duration of Alzheimer’s disease from symptom onset until death?
8 to 10 years
Which of the following is a risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer’s disease?
Extra gene for amyloid precursor protein
Which stage of Alzheimer's disease involves severely deteriorated cognitive functioning, severe disorientation, and loss of basic motor skills?
Late stage
Which treatment for Alzheimer's disease can temporarily reduce memory loss, confusion, and other cognitive symptoms?
Cholinesterase inhibitors
What are the core features of Neurocognitive Disorder with Lewy Bodies?
Fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations, and symptoms of parkinsonism
What is the main difference between Neurocognitive Disorder with Lewy Bodies and Neurocognitive Disorder due to Alzheimer's disease?
The sequence of the onset of motor and cognitive symptoms
What is one of the early cognitive symptoms of Neurocognitive Disorder with Lewy Bodies?
Deficits in complex attention and visuospatial and executive functions
What are some common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease in the middle stage?
Delusions and hallucinations, wandering and pacing, and perseveration
Which type of neurocognitive disorder is characterized by symptoms associated with damage to subcortical areas of the brain, such as forgetfulness, impaired attention, and psychomotor retardation?
Neurocognitive Disorder due to HIV Infection
Which type of neurocognitive disorder has an insidious onset followed by a very rapid progression of impairment, and is often associated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?
Neurocognitive Disorder due to Prion Disease
Which type of neurocognitive disorder is the most common cause of early-onset neurocognitive disorder, and is characterized by declines in social cognition and/or executive abilities?
Frontotemporal Neurocognitive Disorder
Which type of neurocognitive disorder is diagnosed when symptoms are consistent with a vascular etiology and there is evidence of cerebrovascular disease?
Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder
Which type of neurocognitive disorder is diagnosed when symptoms meet the criteria for major or mild NCD and are a pathophysiological consequence of a medical condition?
Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
Which type of neurocognitive disorder requires the presence of symptoms that meet the criteria for major or mild NCD plus evidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus?
Neurocognitive Disorder due to HIV Infection
Test your knowledge on the etiology and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Explore the chromosomal and neurotransmitter factors associated with this condition, as well as the cognitive challenges faced by individuals with Alzheimer's.
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