Alzheimer's Disease and Beta-Amyloid Plaques
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary motor sign of Parkinson's disease?

  • Sleep problems
  • Cognitive decline
  • Olfactory dysfunction
  • Tremor of the hands, arms, legs, jaw, and face (correct)

    • What is a non-motor sign of Parkinson's disease?

  • Stiffness of the limbs and trunk
  • Bradykinesia or slowness of movement
  • Constipation (correct)
  • Impaired balance and coordination

    • What is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease?

  • Alpha-synuclein aggregation
  • Formation and activity of dopamine
  • Olfactory dysfunction
  • Lewy bodies in neurons (correct)

    • Which brain region is primarily affected by the death of dopamine-generating cells in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Substantia nigra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Forms Lewy bodies in neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the Lewy bodies' distribution correlate with Parkinsonian symptoms?

    <p>Directly related; varies between individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary causative agent according to the majority of researchers?

    <p>Beta-amyloid fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene mutations can cause early onset Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and PSEN2 mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure collapses due to tau changes in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of beta-secretase in Alzheimer's disease development?

    <p>Creating amyloid plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein helps stabilize microtubules in neurons?

    <p>Tau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main hypothesis that links amyloid-β accumulation to Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common form of dementia prevalent in the elderly?

    <p>Alzheimer's Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is proposed by the cholinergic hypothesis to have reduced synthesis in Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from the overproduction and reduced clearance of Beta amyloid in Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Formation of insoluble aggregates in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP) and is implicated in Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Beta amyloid (Aβ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does acetylcholine play in learning and memory?

    <p>Facilitates learning and memory processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to memory impairments according to the cholinergic hypothesis?

    <p>Reduced acetylcholine synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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